Umuthi Wokugomela I-Varicella (Chickenpox)

-Delile

• Izingane ezinyangeni eziyi-12 kuya kwengu-12 ubudala kufanele zithole imithamo emi-2 yomuthi wokugomela inkukhu, ngokuvamile:
• Tshela umhlinzeki wakho wokugoma uma umuntu ethola umuthi wokugoma:
• Uma le micimbi yenzeka, imvamisa iqala kungakapheli amasonto ama-2 ngemuva kokudutshulwa. Zenzeka kaningi ngemuva komthamo wesibili.
• ukulandela ukugoma kwenkukhu kungavamile. Zingafaka okulandelayo:

I-Varicella (esibizwa nangokuthi umkhuhlane wezinkukhu) isifo esithathelwanayo esinegciwane. Kubangelwa igciwane le-varicella zoster. I-chickenpox ivame ukuba mnene, kepha ingaba yinkinga ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyi-12 ubudala, intsha, abantu abadala, abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nabantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Inqubulunjwana kubangela ukuqubuka okunolaka okuvame ukuhlala cishe isonto. Kungadala futhi:

• imfiva
• ukukhathala
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• ikhanda

Izinkinga ezibucayi zingabandakanya okulandelayo:

• izifo zesikhumba
• ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu (i-pneumonia)
• ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi
• ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kanye / noma ukumbozwa kwentambo yomgogodla (encephalitis noma meningitis)
• ukusakazeka kwegazi, ithambo, noma ukuhlangana

Abanye abantu bagula kakhulu kangangokuba badinga ukungeniswa esibhedlela. Akukwenzeka kaningi, kepha abantu bangafa ngenxa yenkukhu. Ngaphambi komuthi wokugomela i-varicella, cishe wonke umuntu e-United States uthole ingxibongo, isilinganiso sabantu abayizigidi ezine unyaka nonyaka.

Izingane ezithola umkhuhlane wenkukhu zivame ukuphuthelwa okungenani izinsuku ezinhlanu noma eziyisithupha zesikole noma ukunakekelwa kwezingane.

Abanye abantu abathola i-chickenpox bathola ukuqhuma okubuhlungu okubizwa ngokuthi ama-shingles (owaziwa nangokuthi i-herpes zoster) eminyakeni kamuva.

I-chickenpox ingasakazeka kalula isuka kumuntu onegciwane iye kunoma ngubani ongazange athole umkhuhlane wenkukhu futhi ongakatholi umuthi wokugomela inkukhu.

Izingane ezinyangeni eziyi-12 kuya kwengu-12 ubudala kufanele zithole imithamo emi-2 yomuthi wokugomela inkukhu, ngokuvamile:

• Umthamo wokuqala: izinyanga eziyi-12 kuya kwezingu-15 ubudala
• Umthamo wesibili: iminyaka engu-4 kuya kwengu-6 ubudala

Abantu abaneminyaka engu-13 noma ngaphezulu abangazange bawuthole umuthi wokugoma besebancane, futhi abangakaze bathole ingxibongo, kufanele bathole imithamo emi-2 okungenani izinsuku ezingama-28 behlukene.

Umuntu owake wathola umthamo owodwa kuphela womuthi wokugomela inkukhu kufanele athole umthamo wesibili ukuqedela uchungechunge. Umthamo wesibili kufanele unikezwe okungenani izinyanga ezintathu ngemuva komthamo wokuqala walabo abancane kuneminyaka eyi-13, futhi okungenani izinsuku ezingama-28 ngemuva komthamo wokuqala waleyo minyaka engu-13 noma ngaphezulu.

Azikho izingozi ezaziwayo zokuthola umuthi wokugomela inkukhu ngesikhathi esifanayo neminye imigomo.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho wokugoma uma umuntu ethola umuthi wokugoma:

• Inemithambo yokungezwani komzimba enamandla, esongela impilo. Umuntu owake waba ne-aleji esongela impilo ngemuva kwesilinganiso somuthi wokugomela inkukhu, noma onenkinga yokungezwani komzimba nanoma iyiphi ingxenye yalo muthi wokugoma, angelulekwa ukuba angagonywa. Buza umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma ufuna ulwazi mayelana nezakhi zomuthi wokugoma.
• Ukhulelwe, noma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe. Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele balinde ukuthola umuthi wokugomela inkukhu kuze kube yilapho sebengasakhulelwe. Abesifazane kufanele bagweme ukukhulelwa okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngemuva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela ingulube.
• Inamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ngenxa yezifo (njengomdlavuza noma i-HIV / AIDS) noma izindlela zokwelashwa (njengemisebe, i-immunotherapy, i-steroids, noma i-chemotherapy).
• Unomzali, umfowenu, noma udadewabo onomlando wezinkinga zokuzivikela komzimba.
• Uthatha ama-salicylate (njenge-aspirin). Abantu kufanele bagweme ukusebenzisa ama-salicylates amasonto ayisithupha ngemuva kokuthola umuthi wokugoma i-varicella.
• Usanda kufakwa igazi noma uthole eminye imikhiqizo yegazi. Ungase weluleke ukuthi uhlehlise ukugonywa kwenkukhu yenkukhu izinyanga ezintathu noma ngaphezulu.
• Unesifo sofuba.
• Uthole noma yimuphi omunye umuthi wokugoma emasontweni amane edlule. Imithi yokugoma ebukhoma esondelene kakhulu kungenzeka ingasebenzi futhi.
• Angizizwa kahle. Ukugula okuncane, njengomkhuhlane, akusona isizathu sokuhlehlisa ukugoma. Umuntu ogula ngokulingene noma kakhulu kufanele alinde. Udokotela wakho angakweluleka.

Nganoma imuphi umuthi, kufaka phakathi imigomo, kunethuba lokuphendula. Lezi zivame ukuba mnene futhi zihambe zodwa, kepha ukusabela okujulile nakho kungenzeka.

Ukuthola umuthi wokugomela inkukhu kuphephe kakhulu kunokuthola isifo sikaphuphu. Iningi labantu abathola umuthi wokugomela inkukhu akunankinga ngawo.

Ngemuva kokugonywa kwenkukhu, umuntu angathola:

Uma le micimbi yenzeka, imvamisa iqala kungakapheli amasonto ama-2 ngemuva kokudutshulwa. Zenzeka kaningi ngemuva komthamo wesibili.

• Ingalo ebuhlungu evela kumjovo
• Imfiva
• Ububomvu noma ukuqubuka endaweni yomjovo

ukulandela ukugoma kwenkukhu kungavamile. Zingafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukuquleka (ukujeqeza noma ukugqolozela) kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nomkhuhlane
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu (i-pneumonia) noma ubuchopho nokumbozwa kwentambo yomgogodla (meningitis)
• Ishaye umzimba wonke

Umuntu othuthuka ngemuva kokugonywa yizinkukhu angakwazi ukusabalalisa igciwane le-varicella lokugoma kumuntu ongazivikele. Noma lokhu kwenzeka ngokungavamile, noma ngubani othola ukuqubuka kufanele aqhelele kude nabantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka nezinsana ezingagonyiwe kuze kube yilapho ukuqubuka kuphela. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze ufunde kabanzi.

• Abantu kwesinye isikhathi baquleka ngemuva kwezinqubo zokwelashwa, kufaka phakathi ukugoma. Ukuhlala noma ukulala phansi cishe imizuzu eyi-15 kungasiza ukuvimbela ukuquleka nokulimala okubangelwa ukuwa. Tshela udokotela wakho uma uzizwa unesiyezi noma ushintsha umbono noma kukhala ezindlebeni.
• Abanye abantu bathola izinhlungu ezisehlombe ezingaba nzima kakhulu futhi zihlale isikhathi eside kunokukhathazeka okujwayelekile okungalandela imijovo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokungavamile.
• Noma imuphi umuthi ungadala ukusabela okweqile komzimba. Ukuphendula okunjalo emuthini wokugoma kulinganiselwa cishe kumthamo owodwa esigidini, futhi kungenzeka phakathi nemizuzu embalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokugoma.

Njenganoma imuphi umuthi, kunethuba elikude kakhulu lomuthi wokugoma obangela ukulimala okubi noma ukufa.

Ukuphepha kwemigomo kuhlale kubhekwa njalo. Ngeminye imininingwane, vakashela: http://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/

• Bheka noma yini ekukhathazayo, njengezimpawu zokuphendula okweqile komzimba, umkhuhlane omkhulu kakhulu, noma isimilo esingajwayelekile.
• Izimpawu zokuphendula okweqile zingabandakanya isifuba, ukuvuvukala kobuso nomphimbo, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, isiyezi, nobuthakathaka. Lokhu kuvame ukuqala imizuzu embalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokugoma.

• Uma ucabanga ukuthi ukusabela okweqile noma okunye okuphuthumayo okungakwazi ukulinda, shayela u-9-1-1 bese ufika esibhedlela esiseduze. Ngaphandle kwalokho, shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, ukusabela kufanele kubikwe ku-Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Udokotela wakho kufanele afake lo mbiko, noma ungakwenza ngokwakho ngewebhusayithi ye-VAERS ku- http://www.vaers.hhs.gov, noma ngokushaya ucingo 1-800-822-7967.I-VAERS ayinikeli iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Uhlelo lweNational Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) luhlelo oludalelwe ukunxephezela abantu okungenzeka balinyazwe yimithi ethile yokugoma.

Abantu abakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka balinyazwe umuthi wokugoma bangafunda ngalolu hlelo nangokufaka isimangalo ngokubiza 1-800-338-2382 noma uvakashele iwebhusayithi ye-VICP ku http://www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation. Kunomkhawulo wesikhathi sokufaka isicelo sesinxephezelo.

• Buza umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Angakunika okufakwa iphakethe lokugoma noma aphakamise eminye imithombo yolwazi.
• Shayela umnyango wezempilo wangakini noma wesifundazwe.
• Xhumana Nezikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo (CDC):
• Shayela 1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) noma
• Vakashela iwebhusayithi yeCDC ku- http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines

Isitatimende solwazi lwe-Varicella Vaccine. UMnyango Wezempilo WaseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu / Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvikelwa Kwezifo Uhlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma. 2/12/2018.

• Okuguqukayo^®

• I-ProQuad^® (equkethe umuthi wokugomela isimungumungwane, umuthi wokugomela amagundane, umuthi wokugomela uRubella, umuthi wokugomela i-Varicella