Umuthi Wokugoma Ngomkhuhlane Ophuzi

-Delile

• I-yellow fever yisifo esibi esibangelwa igciwane le-yellow fever. Itholakala ezingxenyeni ezithile ze-Afrika kanye naseNingizimu Melika. I-yellow fever isakazeka ngokulunywa umiyane onaleli gciwane. Ayikwazi ukusakazeka umuntu aye kumuntu ngokuxhumana ngqo. Abantu abanesifo se-yellow fever ngokuvamile kufanele balaliswe esibhedlela. I-yellow fever ingadala:

I-yellow fever yisifo esibi esibangelwa igciwane le-yellow fever. Itholakala ezingxenyeni ezithile ze-Afrika kanye naseNingizimu Melika. I-yellow fever isakazeka ngokulunywa umiyane onaleli gciwane. Ayikwazi ukusakazeka umuntu aye kumuntu ngokuxhumana ngqo. Abantu abanesifo se-yellow fever ngokuvamile kufanele balaliswe esibhedlela. I-yellow fever ingadala:

• umkhuhlane kanye nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane
• i-jaundice (isikhumba esiphuzi noma amehlo)
• ukopha ezindaweni eziningi zomzimba
• isibindi, izinso, ukuphefumula nokunye ukwehluleka komzimba
• ukufa (20 kuya ku-50% wamacala abucayi)

Umuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever uyigciwane elibukhoma, elibuthakathaka. Inikezwa njengokudubula okukodwa.Kubantu abahlala besengozini, umthamo we-booster unconywa njalo eminyakeni eyi-10.

Umuthi wokugoma we-yellow fever unganikezwa ngasikhathi sinye neminye imigomo eminingi.

Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ophuzi ungavimbela i-yellow fever. Umuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever unikezwa kuphela ezindaweni ezikhethiwe zokugoma. Ngemuva kokuthola umuthi wokugoma, kufanele unikezwe isitembu futhi usayinwe ’’ International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis ’’ (ikhadi eliphuzi). Lesi sitifiketi siqala ukusebenza ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10 sigonyiwe futhi sihle iminyaka eyishumi. Uzolidinga leli khadi njengobufakazi bokugoma ukungena emazweni athile. Abahambi abangenabo ubufakazi bokugoma banganikezwa umuthi wokugoma lapho bengena noma bevalelwa izinsuku eziyisithupha ukuze baqiniseke ukuthi abanalo igciwane. Xoxa ngohambo lwakho nodokotela wakho noma unesi ngaphambi kokuthola ukugoma kwakho kwe-yellow fever. Xhumana nomnyango wezempilo noma uvakashele iwebhusayithi ye-CDC yolwazi lokuvakasha ku-http: //www.cdc.gov/travel ukuze ufunde izidingo zomuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever nezincomo zamazwe ahlukene.

Enye indlela yokuvimbela i-yellow fever ukugwema ukulunywa omiyane ngokuthi:

• ukuhlala ezindaweni ezihlolwe kahle noma ezinomoya opholile,
• ukugqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho wonke,
• usebenzisa isithako esisebenza ngempumelelo sokuxosha izinambuzane, njengaleso esiqukethe i-DEET.

• Abantu abanezinyanga eziyi-9 kuya eminyakeni engama-59 ubudala abaya noma abahlala endaweni lapho kwaziwa khona ukuthi kungenzeka kube khona ubungozi be-yellow fever, noma ukuya ezweni elinemfuneko yokungena yokugoma.
• Abasebenzi baselabhoratri abangavezwa yigciwane le-yellow fever noma igciwane lokugoma.

Imininingwane yabahambi ingatholakala ku-inthanethi nge-CDC (http://www.cdc.gov/travel), iWorld Health Organisation (http://www.who.int), nePan American Health Organisation (http: // www.paho.org).

Akufanele unikele ngegazi izinsuku eziyi-14 ngemuva kokugoma, ngoba kunengozi yokudlulisa igciwane lokugoma ngemikhiqizo yegazi ngaleso sikhathi.

• Noma ngubani onenkinga yokungezwani komzimba nokubi (okusongela impilo) kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomuthi wokugoma, kufaka phakathi amaqanda, amaprotheni enkukhu, noma i-gelatin, noma obenokuphathwa okubi kakhulu kumthamo wangaphambilini womuthi wokugoma we-yellow fever akufanele athole umuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever. Tshela udokotela wakho uma unenkinga yokungezwani komzimba nomzimba wakho.
• Izinsana ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala akufanele zithole umuthi wokugoma.
• Tshela udokotela wakho uma: une-HIV / AIDS noma esinye isifo esithinta amasosha omzimba; amasosha akho omzimba abuthaka ngenxa yomdlavuza noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, ukufakelwa, noma imisebe noma ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa (njenge-steroids, i-cancer chemotherapy, noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezithinta ukusebenza kwamaseli omzimba); noma i-thymus yakho isusiwe noma une-thymus disorder, efana ne-myasthenia gravis, i-DiGeorge syndrome, noma i-thymoma. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza uthathe isinqumo sokuthi uyawuthola yini umuthi wokugoma.
• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu abangakwazi ukugwema ukuya endaweni ye-yellow fever kufanele baxoxe ngokugoma nodokotela wabo. Bangaba sengozini enkulu yezinkinga ezinzima kulandela ukugoma.
• Izinsana ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwezingu-8 ubudala, abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nomama abahlengikazi kufanele bagweme noma bahlehlise uhambo oluya endaweni lapho kunengozi ye-yellow fever. Uma ukuhamba kungenakugwenywa, xoxa ngokugoma nodokotela wakho.

Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthola umuthi wokugoma ngenxa yezizathu zezokwelapha, kepha udinga ubufakazi bokugonyelwa i-yellow fever ohambweni, udokotela wakho angakunika incwadi yokuyekelela uma ebheka ukuthi ingozi iphansi ngokwamukelekayo. Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa i-waiver, kufanele futhi uxhumane nenxusa lamazwe ohlela ukuwavakashela ukuthola eminye imininingwane.

Umuthi wokugoma, njenganoma imuphi umuthi, ungadala ukusabela okungathi sína. Kepha ubungozi bomuthi wokugoma obangela ukulimala okukhulu, noma ukufa, buphansi kakhulu.

Izinkinga Ezincane

Umuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever uhlotshaniswe nomkhuhlane, futhi nama-aches, soreness, redness noma ukuvuvukala lapho kudutshulwe khona.

Lezi zinkinga zenzeka zifike kumuntu oyedwa kwabangu-4. Zivame ukuqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokudutshulwa, futhi zingahlala kuze kube yisonto.

Izinkinga Ezinzima

• Ukusabela okweqile kokungezwani nezinto zomuthi wokugoma (cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-55,000).
• Ukusabela okukhulu kwesistimu yezinzwa (cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-125,000).
• Ukugula okusongela impilo ngokuhluleka komzimba (cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-250,000). Bangaphezu kwesigamu abantu abahlushwa le miphumela emibi bayafa.

Lezi zinkinga ezimbili zokugcina azikaze zibikwe ngemuva komthamo we-booster.

Yini okufanele ngiyibheke?

Bheka noma yisiphi isimo esingajwayelekile, njengomkhuhlane omkhulu, ukushintsha kokuziphatha, noma izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane ezenzeka ezinsukwini ezi-1 ukuya kwezingama-30 ngemuva kokugoma. Izimpawu zokuphendula okweqile zingabandakanya ukuphefumula kanzima, ukudinwa noma ukuvunguzela, isifuba, ukuphaphatheka, ubuthakathaka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, noma isiyezi kungakapheli imizuzu embalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokudutshulwa.

Kumele ngenzeni?

• Shayela udokotela, noma yisa umuntu kudokotela ngokushesha.
• Tshela udokotela ukuthi kwenzekeni, usuku nesikhathi okwenzeka ngaso, nokuthi ukugoma kwanikezwa nini.
• Buza udokotela wakho ukubika ukusabela ngokushaya ifomu le-Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Noma ungafaka lo mbiko kuwebhusayithi ye-VAERS ku-http: //www.vaers.hhs.gov, noma ngokushayela ku-1-800-822-7967. I-VAERS ayihlinzeki ngezeluleko zezokwelapha.

• Buza udokotela wakho. Angakunika okufakwa iphakethe lokugoma noma aphakamise eminye imithombo yolwazi.
• Shayela umnyango wezempilo wangakini noma wesifundazwe.
• Xhumana neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ngokushayela u-1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO), noma ngokuvakashela amawebhusayithi e-CDC ku-http: //www.cdc.gov/travel, http: //www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/yellowfever, noma http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/yf

Isitatimende Semininingwane Sokugomela Umkhuhlane Ophuzi. UMnyango Wezempilo WaseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu / Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvikelwa Kwezifo Uhlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma. 3/30/2011.

• I-YF-VAX^®