Inaliti yePembrolizumab
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- Kusetshenziswa umjovo wePembrolizumab: Umjovo wePembrolizumab usesigabeni semithi ebizwa ngama-antibody monoclonal. Isebenza ngokusiza amasosha akho omzimba ukwehlisa noma ukumisa ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- Ngaphambi kokuthola umjovo we-pembrolizumab,
- Umjovo wePembrolizumab ungadala imiphumela emibi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezinzima noma ezingapheli:
- Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nenye yalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uthole ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo:
Kusetshenziswa umjovo wePembrolizumab: Umjovo wePembrolizumab usesigabeni semithi ebizwa ngama-antibody monoclonal. Isebenza ngokusiza amasosha akho omzimba ukwehlisa noma ukumisa ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- ukwelapha i-melanoma (uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba) ongeke welashwe ngokuhlinzwa noma usabalalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, noma ngokuhlanganiswa neminye imithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali ukwelapha nokuvimbela ukubuya kwe-melanoma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuyisusa kanye nanoma iyiphi i-lymph ethintekile amaqhuqhuva;
- ukwelapha izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza wamaphaphu ongewona omncane (i-NSCLC) ongeke welashwe ngokuhlinzwa, eminye imishanguzo ye-chemotherapy, noma i-radiation therapy noma esabalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba noma yanda ngesikhathi nangemva kokuba iphathwe nge-platinum equkethe imishanguzo yamakhemikhali (i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin), noma ngokuhlangana neminye imithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali (paclitaxel, pemetrexed) ukwelapha izinhlobo ezithile ze-NSCLC ezisabalalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba;
- ukwelapha uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza wekhanda nentamo oqhubeka ubuya noma osabalele kwezinye izitho zomzimba futhi ongeke ususwe ngokuhlinzwa. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ngokuhlanganiswa ne-fluorouracil kanye ne-platinum equkethe imishanguzo ye-chemotherapy (i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin) ukwelapha uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza wekhanda nentamo oqhubeka ubuya noma usabalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi awunakwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa. I-Pembrolizumab nayo isetshenziselwa ukwelapha uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza wekhanda nentamo oke waba muncu noma wasabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kokwelashwa ngemithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali;
- ukwelapha uhlobo oluthile lwe-Hodgkin's lymphoma (isifo sikaHodgkin) ezinganeni nakubantu abadala ezingazange zibe ngcono ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngamakhemikhali noma zaba ngcono kodwa zabuya ngemuva kokwelashwa ngeminye imithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali nasezinganeni ngemuva kokuphathwa izikhathi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ngeminye imithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali ;
- ukwelapha uhlobo oluthile lwe-primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL; non-Hodgkin lymphoma) ezinganeni nakubantu abadala ezingazange zibe ngcono ngeminye imishanguzo yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ezibuyiswe ngemuva kokuphathwa izikhathi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ngeminye imithi ye-chemotherapy;
- ukwelapha uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza we-urothelial (umdlavuza wolwelwesi lwesinye nezinye izingxenye zomgudu wokuchama) osabalalele ezicutshini eziseduze noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba kubantu abangakwazi ukuthola i-platinum equkethe imishanguzo ye-chemotherapy (cisplatin, carboplatin) , noma umdlavuza wakhe waba muncu ngesikhathi nangemva kokuphathwa kwawo ngemithi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali;
- ukwelapha uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza wesinye kubantu abangazange babe ngcono ngomunye umuthi (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin; BCG therapy) futhi abangakwazi ukwelashwa noma abathathe isinqumo sokuthi bangalashwa ngokuhlinzwa ukukhipha isinye;
- ukwelapha izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza omhlophe (umdlavuza oqala emathunjini amakhulu) nezinhlobo ezithile zezimila eziqinile njengokwelashwa kokuqala ezinganeni nakubantu abadala okungenakwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa noma okusabalale kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba noma kulezo yanda kakhulu ngemuva kokuba yelashwe ngeminye imithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali;
- ukwelapha izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza wesisu (umdlavuza wesisu) noma umdlavuza osendaweni lapho isisu sihlangana khona nomphimbo (ishubhu phakathi komphimbo nesisu) esibuyile noma esisabalalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngesikhathi noma ngemuva 2 noma ngaphezulu ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali;
- ukwelapha uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza we-esophageal osubuyile futhi ususabalele ezicutshini eziseduze noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngemuva kokwelashwa ngomuthi owodwa noma ngaphezulu we-chemotherapy futhi awukwazi ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngemisebe;
- ukwelapha izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho (umdlavuza oqala ekuvulekeni kwesibeletho [isibeletho] esibuyile noma esisabalalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kokwelashwa ngomunye umuthi wokwelapha ngamakhemikhali;
- ukwelapha izinhlobo ezithile ze-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; uhlobo lomdlavuza wesibindi) kubantu ababelashwa phambilini nge-sorafenib (Nexafar);
- ukwelapha iMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC; uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba) ezinganeni nakubantu abadala ezibuyile futhi zasakazeka ezicutshini eziseduze noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba;
- ngokuhlangana ne-axitinib (Inlyta) ukwelapha i-renal cell carcinoma (RCC; uhlobo lomdlavuza oluqala ezinso);
- ngokuhlangana nelenvatinib (Lenvima) ukwelapha uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza we-endometrium (ulwelwesi lwesibeletho) osabalalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba noma waba muncu ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kokwelashwa ngemithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali noma engakwazi ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngemisebe ukwelashwa;
- ukwelapha izinhlobo ezithile zezimila eziqinile esezisabalalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba noma ezingeke zelashwe ngokuhlinzwa kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ezake zaphathwa ngokungaphumeleli ngomunye umuthi wokwelapha ngamakhemikhali futhi azinazo ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezenelisayo;
- ukwelapha izinhlobo ezithile ze-cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC; umdlavuza wesikhumba) obuyile noma osabalalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi ongeke welashwe ngokuhlinzwa noma ngemisebe;
- futhi ngokuhlanganiswa ne-chemotherapy ukwelapha uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza webele obuyele ezicutshini eziseduze noma osabalale kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi ongeke welashwe ngokuhlinzwa.
Umjovo wePembrolizumab uza njengempuphu ezoxutshwa noketshezi futhi ifakwe ngomjovo (emthanjeni) ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30 ngudokotela noma umhlengikazi esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sezokwelapha. Kuvamise ukujova kanye njalo emavikini ama-3 noma ama-6 inqobo nje uma udokotela wakho encoma ukuthi uthole ukwelashwa.
Umjovo wePembrolizumab ungadala ukusabela okujulile ngesikhathi, noma ngemuva nje kokufakwa komuthi. Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha: ukushaywa, ukushisa komzimba, ukugodola, ukuqhaqhazela, isiyezi, ukuzizwa uphela amandla, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukulunywa, ukuqubuka noma isifuba.
Udokotela wakho angabambezela noma amise ukwelashwa kwakho ngomjovo we-pembrolizumab, noma akuphathe ngemithi eyengeziwe, ngokuya ngempendulo yakho emithini kanye nanoma imiphi imiphumela emibi ohlangabezana nayo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi uzizwa kanjani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho.
Udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi uzokunikeza ishidi lemininingwane yesiguli lomkhiqizi (Umhlahlandlela Wezokwelapha) lapho uqala ukwelashwa ngomjovo we-pembrolizumab futhi isikhathi ngasinye lapho uthola umthamo. Funda imininingwane ngokucophelela bese ubuza udokotela noma usokhemisi wakho uma unemibuzo. Ungavakashela futhi iwebhusayithi ye-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm085729.htm) noma iwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi ukuthola i-Medication Guide.
Lo muthi ungabekelwa okunye ukusetshenziswa; buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuthola eminye imininingwane.
Ngaphambi kokuthola umjovo we-pembrolizumab,
- Tshela udokotela wakho kanye nosokhemisi uma unegciwane ku-pembrolizumab, noma imiphi eminye imithi, noma yiziphi izithako zomjovo we-pembrolizumab. Buza usokhemisi wakho noma uhlole Umhlahlandlela Wezokwelapha ukuthola uhlu lwezithako.
- Tshela udokotela wakho kanye nosokhemisi ukuthi imiphi eminye imishanguzo kadokotela neyokungabhalisi, amavithamini, izithasiselo zokudla okunempilo, nemikhiqizo yamakhambi oyithathayo noma ohlela ukuyithatha. Udokotela wakho angadinga ukushintsha imithamo yemithi yakho noma akuqaphele ngokucophelela ngemiphumela emibi.
- utshele udokotela wakho ukuthi wake waba nokufakelwa komzimba noma umongo wethambo futhi ngabe uke noma wake waba nokwelashwa ngemisebe endaweni yesifuba sakho; isifo sokuzivikela komzimba (isimo lapho amasosha omzimba ahlasela khona ingxenye enempilo yomzimba) njengesifo sikaCrohn (isimo lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela ulwelwesi lwendlela yokugaya edala ubuhlungu, isifo sohudo, ukuncipha komzimba nomkhuhlane), i-ulcerative colitis (isimo esidala ukuvuvukala nezilonda emgqeni wekholoni [amathumbu amakhulu] ne-rectum), noma i-lupus (isimo lapho amasosha omzimba ahlasela khona izicubu nezitho eziningi kubandakanya isikhumba, amalunga, igazi, nezinso); isifo sikashukela; izinkinga ze-thyroid; noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo samaphaphu noma izinkinga zokuphefumula; noma isifo sezinso noma sesibindi.
- utshele udokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa. Kuzofanele wenze ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa. Akufanele ukhulelwe ngenkathi uthola umjovo we-pembrolizumab nezinyanga ezi-4 ngemuva komthamo wakho wokugcina. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokulawula ukubeletha ezizokusebenzela. Uma ukhulelwa ngenkathi uthola umjovo we-pembrolizumab, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Umjovo wePembrolizumab ungalimaza umbungu.
- tshela udokotela wakho uma uncelisa noma uhlela ukuncelisa. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi ungancelisi ibele ngenkathi uthola umjovo we-pembrolizumab, nezinyanga ezi-4 ngemuva komthamo wakho wokugcina.
Ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho akutshele ngenye indlela, qhubeka nokudla okuvamile.
Umjovo wePembrolizumab ungadala imiphumela emibi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezinzima noma ezingapheli:
- ubuhlungu obuhlangene noma obuya emuva
- ukuvuvukala komzimba noma kobuso
- izinguquko kumbala wesikhumba
- ukukhathala ngokweqile noma ukungabi namandla
- imfiva
- isicanucanu
- ukuhlanza
Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nenye yalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uthole ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo:
- amabhamuza noma isikhumba esixobukayo; ukubomvu kwesikhumba; ukuqubuka; noma ukulunywa
- izilonda noma izilonda emlonyeni, ekhaleni, emphinjeni noma esithweni sangasese
- ukuphelelwa umoya
- ubuhlungu besifuba
- ukukhwehlela okusha noma okuba kubi kakhulu
- isifo sohudo
- indle emnyama, elindile, enamathele, noma equkethe igazi noma amafinyila
- ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
- isicanucanu esinzima nokuhlanza
- ukwanda noma ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla
- ukoma okwandisiwe
- ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu
- ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma kwamehlo
- ukopha okulula noma ukulimaza
- ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
- izinguquko esisindweni (ukuzuza noma ukulahleka)
- ukulahleka kwezinwele
- ukujuluka okwandayo
- ngizwe kubanda
- ukujula kwezwi noma ukushaqeka
- ukuvuvukala phambi kwentamo (i-goiter)
- ukuncinza nobuthakathaka ezinyaweni, emilenzeni, ezandleni nasezingalweni
- ubuhlungu obukhulu bekhanda noma obuphikelelayo, ubuhlungu bemisipha
- ubuthakathaka obukhulu bemisipha
- isiyezi noma ikhanda elikhanyayo
- ukuquleka
- shintsha ngenani noma umbala womchamo
- ubuhlungu noma umuzwa ovuthayo ngenkathi uchama
- igazi emchameni
- izinguquko embonweni
- ngizizwe ngididekile
Umjovo wePembrolizumab ungadala eminye imiphumela emibi. Shayela udokotela wakho uma unezinkinga ezingavamile ngenkathi uthola lo muthi.
Uma uthola imiphumela emibi kakhulu, wena noma udokotela wakho ungathumela umbiko kuhlelo lwe-Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting online (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) noma ngocingo ( 1-800-332-1088).
Uma kwenzeka ukweqisa ngokweqile, shayela ucingo losizo lokulawula ubuthi ku-1-800-222-1222. Imininingwane iyatholakala online ku-https: //www.poisonhelp.org/help. Uma isisulu siwile, saba nokuquleka, sinenkinga yokuphefumula, noma singakwazi ukuvuswa, shayela ngokushesha abezimo eziphuthumayo ku-911.
Gcina wonke ama-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho kanye nelabhorethri. Udokotela wakho uzo-oda izivivinyo ezithile zelebhu ukuze ahlole impendulo yomzimba wakho kumjovo we-pembrolizumab. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho uzo-oda ukuhlolwa kwelebhu ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwelashwa kwakho ukuze ubone ukuthi umdlavuza wakho ungelashwa nge-pembrolizumab.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ugcine uhlu olubhaliwe lwayo yonke imishanguzo oyisebenzisayo kadokotela kanye nokungabhaliswanga (ngaphezulu kokuthenga), kanye nanoma yimiphi imikhiqizo efana namavithamini, amaminerali, noma ezinye izithako zokudla. Kufanele uze nalolu hlu njalo uma uvakashela udokotela noma uma ungeniswa esibhedlela. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi nemininingwane ebalulekile ukuthi uphathe uma kwenzeka kunezimo eziphuthumayo.
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