I-Efavirenz

-Delile

• Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-efavirenz,
• I-Efavirenz ingadala imiphumela emibi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezinzima noma ezingapheli:
• Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo noma lezo ezishiwo esigabeni SOKUQAPHA OKUKHETHEKILE, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:
• Izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile zingafaka:

I-Efavirenz isetshenziswa kanye neminye imithi yokwelapha ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza (i-HIV). I-Efavirenz isekilasini lemithi ebizwa nge-non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Isebenza ngokunciphisa inani le-HIV egazini. Yize i-efavirenz ingayelaphi i-HIV, ingahle inciphise amathuba okuba ne-immunodeficiency syndrome (i-AIDS) kanye nezifo ezihlobene ne-HIV ezinjengezifo ezibucayi noma umdlavuza. Ukuthatha le mithi kanye nokwenza ucansi oluphephile nokwenza ezinye izinguquko endleleni yokuphila kunganciphisa ubungozi bokudlulisela (ukusabalalisa) igciwane le-HIV kwabanye abantu.

I-Efavirenz iza njenge-capsule nanjengesibhebhe esizothathwa ngomlomo. Imvamisa kuthathwa kanye ngosuku ngamanzi amaningi esiswini esingenalutho (okungenani ihora eli-1 ngaphambi noma amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla). Thatha i-efavirenz ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke. Ukuphuza i-efavirenz ngesikhathi sokulala kungenza imiphumela ethile engemihle ingakhathazi kangako. Landela izinkomba ezikulebuli kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela, bese ubuza udokotela noma usokhemisi wakho ukuthi akuchaze nganoma iyiphi ingxenye ongayiqondi. Thatha i-efavirenz njengoba iqondisiwe. Ungayithathi kancane noma uyithathe kaningi kunokuyalelwa ngudokotela wakho.

Gwinya wonke amaphilisi namaphilisi; ungawahlukanisi, ungawahlafune noma uwagxoze.

Uma ungakwazi ukugwinya yonke le mithi, usengathatha i-efavirenz ngokuxuba okuqukethwe kuphilisi nokudla okuthambile nokudla. Ukulungiselela umthamo ngamunye, vula i-capsule bese ufafaza okuqukethwe kuzipuni eziyi-1-2 zokudla okuthambile esitsheni esincane. Ungasebenzisa ukudla okuthambile njenge-appleauce, i-jelly yamagilebhisi, noma iyogathi. Ngenkathi ufafaza, qaphela ukuthi ungachitheki okuqukethwe yi-capsule, noma ukusakaze emoyeni. Hlanganisa umuthi nokudla okuthambile. Ingxube kufanele ibukeke i-grainy kepha akufanele ibe nesigaxa. Kufanele udle umuthi kanye nengxube yokudla okuthambile kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30 uxubile. Uma usuqedile, engeza amanye amathisipuni ama-2 okudla okuthambile esitsheni esingenalutho, ugovuze, futhi udle ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uwutholile umuthi ogcwele wemithi. Ungadli amahora amabili alandelayo.

Uma i-efavirenz inikezwa umntwana ongakakwazi ukudla ukudla okuqinile, okuqukethwe ku-capsule kungaxubaniswa nezipuni ezi-2 zefomula yezingane lokushisa ekamelweni esitsheni esincane. Ngenkathi ukhipha i-capsule, qaphela ukuthi ungachitheki okuqukethwe, noma ukukusakaze emoyeni. Ingxube kufanele ibukeke i-grainy kodwa akufanele ibe nesigaxa. Ingxube kufanele ifakelwe ingane isirinji kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30 ixubekile. Uma usuqedile, engeza amathisipuni ama-2 wefomula yezinsana esitsheni esingenalutho, unyakazise, ​​bese ufaka isirinji enganeni ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi unikeze umuthi ogcwele wemithi. Ungayiniki umuthi ingane ebhodleleni. Ungayondli ingane amahora amabili alandelayo.

I-Efavirenz ilawula ukutheleleka nge-HIV, kodwa ayiyelaphi. Qhubeka uphuze i-efavirenz noma ngabe uzizwa uphilile. Ungayeki ukuphuza i-efavirenz ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Lapho ukunikezwa kwakho kwe-efavirenz kuqala ukwehla, thola okuningi kudokotela wakho noma ekhemisi. Uma uphuthelwa imithamo noma uyeka ukuthatha i-efavirenz, isimo sakho singaba nzima ukwelashwa.

I-Efavirenz ibuye isetshenziswe neminye imithi yokusiza ukuvikela ukutheleleka kubasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo noma kwabanye abantu abachayeke ngengozi nge-HIV. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezingozi zokusebenzisa lo muthi ngesimo sakho.

Lo muthi ungabekelwa okunye ukusetshenziswa; buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuthola eminye imininingwane.

Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-efavirenz,

• Tshela udokotela kanye nosokhemisi wakho uma i-efavirenz ingezwani neminye imishanguzo, noma uma iguliswa ezinye izithako ezikuma-capsules e-efavirenz noma amaphilisi. Buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi uhlu lwezithako.
• kufanele wazi ukuthi i-efavirenz iyatholakala ngokuhlangana nomunye umuthi onegama lomkhiqizo le-Atripla. Tshela udokotela wakho uma uphuza lo muthi ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi awutholi umuthi ofanayo kabili.
• Tshela udokotela wakho uma uthatha i-elbasvir ne-grazoprevir (i-Zepatier). Udokotela wakho mhlawumbe uzokutshela ukuthi ungaphuzi i-efavirenz uma uphuza lo muthi.
• Tshela udokotela wakho kanye nosokhemisi ukuthi imiphi eminye imishanguzo kadokotela neyokungabhalisi, amavithamini, kanye nezithako zokudla okunomsoco ozithathayo noma ohlela ukuzithatha. Qiniseka ukuthi usho noma yikuphi okulandelayo: i-antidepressants, i-artemether ne-lumefantrine (Coartem), i-atazanavir (i-Reyataz), i-atorvastatin (i-Lipitor, eCaduet), i-atovaquone ne-proguanil, i-bupropion (i-Wellbutrin, i-Zyban, abanye, ku-Contrave), i-carbamazepine (i-Carbatrol) , Epitol, Equetro, Tegretol, Teril), clarithromycin (Biaxin, e-Prevpac), cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune), delavirdine (Rescriptor), diltiazem (CDizem CD, Cartia XT, Diltzac, Taztia XT), i-ethinylr estrate (Estarylla, Ortho-Tri-Cyclen, Sprintec, abanye), etravirine (Intelence), etonogestrel (Implanon, Nexplanon, Nuvaring), felodipine, fosamprenavir (Lexiva), itraconazole (Sporanox), indinavir (Crixivan), levonorgest B isinyathelo esisodwa, uSkyla, eClimera Pro, Seasonale, abanye), lopinavir (eKaletra), maraviroc (Selzentry), imishanguzo yokukhathazeka, imishanguzo yokugula ngengqondo, imishanguzo yokuquleka, i-methadone (iDolophine, iMethadose), i-nevirapine (i-Viramune) , nicardipine (Cardene), nifedipine (A dalat, Afeditab, Procardia XL), norelgestromin (eXulane), phenobarbital, phenytoin (Dilantin, Phenytek), posaconazole (Noxafil), pravastatin (Pravachol), rifabutin (Mycobutin), rifampin (Rifadin, Rifate i-rilpivirine (i-Edurant, e-Complera, e-Odefsey), i-ritonavir (i-Norvir, e-Kaletra, i-Technivie, i-Viekira), i-saquinavir (i-Invirase), i-sedatives, i-sertraline (i-Zoloft), i-simeprevir (i-Olysio), i-simvastatin (i-Zocor, e-Vytorin), i-sirolim ), amaphilisi okulala, i-tacrolimus (i-Envarsus XR, i-Prograf), i-tranquilizers, i-verapamil (i-Calan, i-Covera, i-Verelan, eTarka), i-voriconazole (i-Vfend) ne-warfarin (i-Coumadin, i-Jantoven). Udokotela wakho angadinga ukushintsha imithamo yemithi yakho noma akuqaphele ngokucophelela ngemiphumela emibi. Eminye imishanguzo eminingi ingaxhumana ne-efavirenz, noma inyuse ubungozi bokuthi uzoba nokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo, ngisho naleyo engabonakali kulolu hlu.
• utshele udokotela wakho ukuthi uthatha miphi imikhiqizo yamakhambi, ikakhulukazi iSt John's wort.
• Tshela udokotela wakho uma uke waba nesikhathi sokuqhubeka se-QT isikhathi eside (inkinga yenhliziyo engajwayelekile engadala ukuquleka noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile), ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo, wake waphuza utshwala obuningi, wasebenzisa izidakamizwa zomgwaqo, noma wasebenzisa kakhulu imishanguzo kadokotela. Tshela nodokotela wakho uma uke waba nokudangala noma okunye ukugula ngengqondo, ukuquleka, isifo sokusha kwesibindi (ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesibindi) noma esinye isifo sesifo sesibindi.
• utshele udokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa. Akufanele ukhulelwe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho namasonto ayi-12 ngemuva komthamo wakho wokugcina. Uma ungakhulelwa, kuzofanele ube nokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa okungekuhle ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukusebenzisa le mithi futhi usebenzise ukulawulwa kokubeletha okusebenzayo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho. I-Efavirenz inganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngamahomoni (amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, amabala, izindandatho, okufakelwayo noma imijovo), ngakho-ke akufanele uzisebenzise njengendlela yakho kuphela yokulawula ukubeletha ngenkathi welashwa. Kufanele usebenzise indlela yokuvimbela inzalo (idivaysi evimba isidoda ukuthi singene esibelethweni njengekhondomu noma idayaphragm) kanye nanoma iyiphi enye indlela yokulawula ukubeletha oyikhethile. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi akusize ukhethe indlela yokulawula ukubeletha ezokusebenzela. Uma ukhulelwa ngenkathi uthatha i-efavirenz, shayela udokotela wakho.
• akufanele uncelise ibele uma utheleleke nge-HIV noma uphuza i-efavirenz.
• kufanele wazi ukuthi i-efavirenz ingakwenza ukozele, ube nesiyezi, noma ungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo. Ungashayeli imoto noma usebenzise imishini uze wazi ukuthi lo muthi ukuthinta kanjani.
• buza udokotela wakho mayelana nokusetshenziswa okuphephile kweziphuzo ezidakayo ngenkathi uthatha i-efavirenz. Utshwala bungenza imiphumela emibi ye-efavirenz ibe yimbi kakhulu.
• kufanele wazi ukuthi ngenkathi uthatha imishanguzo yokwelapha ukutheleleka nge-HIV, amasosha omzimba wakho angaqina futhi aqale ukulwa nezinye izifo ezazivele zisemzimbeni wakho noma zidale ukuthi ezinye izimo zivele. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi uthuthukise izimpawu zalezo zifo noma izimo. Uma unezimpawu ezintsha noma eziya ziba zimbi phakathi nokwelashwa kwakho nge-efavirenz, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho.
• kufanele wazi ukuthi amafutha omzimba wakho angakhuphuka noma ahambele ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba wakho njengamabele akho nomhlane ongaphezulu, intamo (’’ inyathi hump ’’), nasesizungeze isisu sakho. Ungaqaphela ukulahleka kwamafutha omzimba ebusweni bakho, emilenzeni nasezingalweni.
• kufanele wazi ukuthi i-efavirenz ingadala ushintsho emicabangweni yakho, ekuziphatheni, noma empilweni yengqondo. Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu ezilandelayo ngenkathi uthatha i-efavirenz: ukudangala, ukucabanga ngokuzibulala noma ukuhlela noma ukuzama ukwenza kanjalo, ukuziphatha okuthukuthele noma okunolaka, ukubona izinto ezingekho (ukubona izinto noma ukuzwa amazwi angekho), ukulahlekelwa ukuthintana neqiniso, noma eminye imicabango engajwayelekile. Qiniseka ukuthi umndeni wakho uyazi ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezingaba zimbi kakhulu ukuze bakwazi ukushayela udokotela wakho uma ungakwazi ukufuna ukwelashwa wedwa.
• kufanele wazi ukuthi i-efavirenz ingadala izinkinga zesistimu ezingaba yingozi, kufaka phakathi i-encephalopathy (isifo esibi futhi esingaba yingozi ebuchosheni) ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni ngemuva kokuthatha i-efavirenz. Yize izinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa zingaqala ngemuva kokuthi uthathe i-efavirenz isikhathi esithile, kubalulekile ukuthi wena nodokotela wakho nazi ukuthi zingabangelwa yi-efavirenz. Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga ngebhalansi noma ngokudidiyela, ukudideka, izinkinga zememori, nobunye ubunzima obubangelwa ukusebenza kobuchopho okungavamile, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho welashwa nge-efavirenz. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi uyeke ukuphuza i-efavirenz.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokudla isithelo samagilebhisi nokuphuza ijusi lamagilebhisi ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.

Thatha umthamo ongabanjwanga ngokushesha nje lapho uwukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo olandelayo, weqa umthamo ongabanjwanga bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile yokulinganisa. Ungathathi umthamo ophindwe kabili ukwenza okulahlekile.

I-Efavirenz ingadala imiphumela emibi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezinzima noma ezingapheli:

• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ubuhlungu besisu
• isifo sohudo
• ukugaya ukudla
• ikhanda
• ukudideka
• ukukhohlwa
• ukuzizwa ukhathazekile, wethukile, noma uthukile
• imizwa ejabule ngokungavamile
• ubunzima bokulala noma ukulala
• amaphupho angajwayelekile
• ubuhlungu

Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo noma lezo ezishiwo esigabeni SOKUQAPHA OKUKHETHEKILE, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:

• imfiva
• ukuqubuka
• ukulunywa
• ukuxebuka, ukushwabana, noma ukuchitha isikhumba
• izilonda zomlomo
• iso elibomvana
• ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho
• ukuquleka
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• ukukhathala ngokweqile
• ukungabi namandla
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu
• ukopha okungajwayelekile noma ukulinyazwa
• ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma kwamehlo
• izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane
• isithuthwane

I-Efavirenz ingadala eminye imiphumela emibi. Shayela udokotela wakho uma unezinkinga ezingavamile ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.

Uma uthola imiphumela emibi kakhulu, wena noma udokotela wakho ungathumela umbiko kuhlelo lwe-Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting online (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) noma ngocingo ( 1-800-332-1088).

Gcina le mithi esitsheni efike ngayo, ivalwe ngokuqinile, futhi lapho izingane zingafinyeleleki khona.Gcina ekamelweni lokushisa futhi kude nokushisa okweqile nomswakama (hhayi endlini yangasese).

Kubalulekile ukugcina yonke imishanguzo ingabonakali futhi ifinyeleleke ezinganeni njengoba iziqukathi eziningi (njengezingqondo zamaphilisi zamasonto onke kanye nalawo amaconsi wamehlo, okhilimu, amabala, kanye nama-inhalers) azimeleki ezinganeni futhi izingane ezincane zingazivula kalula. Ukuvikela izingane ezisencane ekufakeni ubuthi, hlala uvala amakepisi okuphepha bese ubeka umuthi endaweni ephephile - eyodwa ephezulu futhi engekho futhi engabonakali kubo futhi efinyelela kuyo. http://www.upandaway.org

Imithi engadingeki kufanele ilahlwe ngezindlela ezikhethekile zokuqinisekisa ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo, izingane nabanye abantu abakwazi ukuzidla. Kodwa-ke, akufanele ukhiphe le mithi ethoyilethi. Esikhundleni salokho, indlela engcono kakhulu yokulahla imithi yakho ngohlelo lokubuyisa umuthi. Khuluma nosokhemisi wakho noma uthinte umnyango wangakini wokulahla udoti / wokusebenzisa kabusha ukuze ufunde ngezinhlelo zokubuyisa emphakathini wakho. Bheka iwebhusayithi yakwa-FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) ukuthola eminye imininingwane uma ungakwazi ukufinyelela kuhlelo lokubuyisa.

Uma kwenzeka ukweqisa ngokweqile, shayela ucingo losizo lokulawula ubuthi ku-1-800-222-1222. Imininingwane iyatholakala online ku-https: //www.poisonhelp.org/help. Uma isisulu siwile, saba nokuquleka, sinenkinga yokuphefumula, noma singakwazi ukuvuswa, shayela ngokushesha abezimo eziphuthumayo ku-911.

Izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile zingafaka:

• ukunyakaza komzimba wakho ongeke ukwazi ukukulawula
• isiyezi
• ikhanda
• ubunzima bokugxila
• uvalo
• ukudideka
• ukukhohlwa
• ubunzima bokulala noma ukulala
• amaphupho angajwayelekile
• ukozela
• ukusangana (ukubona izinto noma ukuzwa amazwi angekho)
• imizwa ejabule ngokungavamile
• imicabango engajwayelekile

Gcina wonke ama-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho kanye nelabhorethri. Udokotela wakho anga-oda izivivinyo ezithile zelebhu ukuze ahlole impendulo yomzimba wakho ku-efavirenz.

Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiluphi uvivinyo lwelabhoratri, tshela udokotela wakho kanye nabasebenzi be-laboratory ukuthi uthatha i-efavirenz.

Ungavumeli omunye umuntu ukuthi athathe imithi yakho. Buza usokhemisi wakho noma imiphi imibuzo onayo mayelana nokugcwalisa umuthi wakho.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ugcine uhlu olubhaliwe lwayo yonke imishanguzo oyisebenzisayo kadokotela kanye nokungabhaliswanga (ngaphezulu kokuthenga), kanye nanoma yimiphi imikhiqizo efana namavithamini, amaminerali, noma ezinye izithako zokudla. Kufanele uze nalolu hlu njalo uma uvakashela udokotela noma uma ungeniswa esibhedlela. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi nemininingwane ebalulekile ukuthi uphathe uma kwenzeka kunezimo eziphuthumayo.

• Sustiva^®

• I-Atripla^® (equkethe i-Efavirenz, i-Emtricitabine, i-Tenofovir)