Liyini ithumba lamaphaphu, izimpawu, izimbangela nokuthi welashwa kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu zamathumba emaphaphu
• Kunjani ukuxilongwa
• Yini ebangela ithumba lamaphaphu
• Yelashwa kanjani
• I-Physiotherapy yethumba lamaphaphu

Ithumba lamaphaphu ngumgodi oqukethe ubomvu ngaphakathi, osuselwa ku-necrosis yezicubu zamaphaphu, ngenxa yokutheleleka ngamagciwane.

Ngokuvamile, ithumba lakha phakathi kwamasonto awu-1 kuya kwayi-2 ngemuva kokungcola kwe-microorganism, okuvame ukwenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yenkinga yenyumoniya ebangelwa ukufisa kokuqukethwe ngumlomo noma isisu, njengoba kuqukethe amabhaktheriya angathuthukisa lolu hlobo. ukulimala. Qonda ukuthi i-aspiration pneumonia ivela kanjani.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa udokotela ngokuhlola isithombe somtholampilo, i-radiography yamaphaphu nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ngemuva kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane esiza ukulwa nama-microorganisms ayibangelayo, ngokuhambisana nokwesekwa kokudla okunempilo kanye ne-physiotherapy. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kungadingeka isidingo se-pulmonary drainage.

Izimpawu zamathumba emaphaphu

Izimpawu eziyinhloko zamathumba wamaphaphu zifaka:

• Imfiva;
• Ukuphefumula nokukhathala;
• Ukukhwehlela ngokukhishwa kwe-mucopurulent, okungahle kube nephunga elimnandi nemichilo yegazi;
• Ubuhlungu besifuba obuba nzima ngokuphefumula;
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo;
• Ukujuluka ebusuku nokubanda.

Ukwanda kwesithombe somtholampilo kungathatha izinsuku kuya emasontweni, kuya ngamagciwane abangele ukutheleleka, ezimeni zezempilo nasekuvikelweni komzimba womuntu othintekile. Ngokuvamile, kwakhiwa ithumba elilodwa kuphela, elingaphezu kuka-2 cm ububanzi, noma kunjalo, kwezinye izimo, amathumba amaningi angavela ngesikhathi sokutheleleka.

Lapho kuvela izimpawu nezimpawu ezingakhombisa lolu hlobo lokutheleleka kwamaphaphu, kuyadingeka ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wamaphaphu ngokushesha okukhulu, noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo, ukuze imbangela ibonwe futhi ukwelashwa okufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha.

Kunjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwethumba lamaphaphu kwenziwa ngudokotela, ngokuhlaziya izimpawu, ukuhlolwa komzimba, ngaphezu kwezivivinyo ezinjenge-radiography yesifuba, ekhombisa ubukhona bokungena kwemfihlo ephashini nasemgodini, kuvame ukugoqwa, kugcwale ubomvu nomoya.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi, njengokubala okuphelele kwegazi, kungasiza ukukhombisa ubukhona besifo nokuhlola ubunzima. I-tomography ehlanganisiwe yesifuba, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingasiza ekuchazeni kangcono indawo yaleli thumba, nokubona ezinye izinkinga ezinjenge-infarction yamaphaphu noma ukuqongelela kobovu kuloluketshezi lwe-pleural.

Ukuhlonza i-microorganism kungadingeka kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi ukuqondisa ukwelashwa, futhi ngenxa yalokhu, kungenziwa isiko lesikhwehlela samaphaphu, noma ukuqoqwa kwezinto ezivela ekuthelelekeni yi-tracheal aspirate noma i-thoracentesis, isibonelo, noma isiko legazi. Bona ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa ukuthola i-antibiotic engcono kakhulu yokwelapha ukutheleleka.

Yini ebangela ithumba lamaphaphu

Ithumba lamaphaphu libangelwa lapho ama-microorganisms, imvamisa amabhaktheriya, ehlala emaphashini futhi abangele izicubu i-necrosis. Ukungena kwamagciwane kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo:

• Ukuphefumula kwezinto ezithathelwanayo (imbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu): okuvame kakhulu ezimeni zokudakwa, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ikhoma noma i-anesthesia, lapho ukulahleka kokwazi kusiza ukufisa kokuqukethwe okuvela emlonyeni noma esiswini, kanye nasezimweni ze-sinusitis, izifo ezinsinini, ekubola kwamazinyo noma ngisho nalapho ungakwazi ukuthola ukukhwehlela okusebenzayo;
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu;
• Umdlavuza;
• Ukungena okuhlukumezayo ngqo emaphashini;
• Ukusakazeka kwezifo ezivela esithweni esingumakhelwane;
• I-pulmonary embolism noma i-infarction.

Lapho ithumba lamaphaphu livela ekuthelelekeni okuqondile kwamaphaphu, libonakala njengeokuyinhloko. Ezimweni lapho kuvela khona ngenxa yezinkinga zezinguquko zamaphaphu, njengokusabalala kwesifo esivela kwezinye izitho noma i-pulmonary embolism, ibizwa kwesibili. 

Amanye ama-microorganisms avame kakhulu njengesizathu sethumba lamaphaphu yiStaphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa noma iStreptococcus pyogenes, noma ama-bacterium anaerobic, njenge I-Peptostreptococcus, i-Prevotella noma Ama-bacteroides sp, Ngokwesibonelo. Amathumba ngesikhunta noma i-mycobacteria ayivelakancane futhi avela kaningi kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthaka kakhulu.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwethumba lamaphaphu kwenziwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane efana neClindamycin, Moxifloxacin noma i-Ampicillin / Sulbactam, ngokwesibonelo, ngokwesilinganiso samaviki ama-4 kuye kwayi-6, kuya ngesibangelwa i-microorganism nezimo zomtholampilo zesiguli.

Ngesikhathi sesigaba esibi, ukusekelwa kokudla okunempilo kanye ne-physiotherapy yokuphefumula nakho kukhonjisiwe. Uma ukwelashwa kokuqala kungasebenzi, kufanele kuhlinzwe ukukhipha ithumba, kuthi ekugcineni, kususwe ingxenye yephaphu le-necrotic.

I-Physiotherapy yethumba lamaphaphu

I-Physiotherapy ibalulekile ukusiza ukutakula, futhi kwenziwa nge:

• I-postural drainage: ngemuva kwasendaweni ithumba lamaphaphu, lowo muntu ubekwe waqondiswa umthombo bronchus wokuqedwa okulandelayo kwezimfihlo ngokukhwehlela;
• I-kinesiotherapy yokuphefumula: izivivinyo zokuphefumula zenzelwe ukwandisa ukunwetshwa kwesifuba nokujwayela amavolumu wamaphaphu;
• I-spirometry yokukhuthaza: umuntu uyalelwa ukuthi adonse umoya (adonsele umoya emaphashini) awugcine imizuzwana embalwa. Kungenziwa ngamadivayisi afana ne-Respiron;
• Ukuphefumula kwezimfihlo uma umuntu engakwazi ukukhwehlela.

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kwethumba lamaphaphu kusebenza kakhulu kubantu ababambisanayo abaphendula izicelo zokukhwehlela nokuphefumula. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-physiotherapy yokuphefumula yenziwa kanjani nokuthi yenzelwe ini.