I-Acidosis

-Delile

• Izimbangela ze-acidosis
• I-acidosis yokuphefumula
• I-Metabolic acidosis
• Izici zobungozi
• Izimpawu ze-acidosis
• I-acidosis yokuphefumula
• I-Metabolic acidosis
• Ukuhlolwa nokuxilongwa
• Ukwelashwa kwe-acidosis
• I-acidosis yokuphefumula
• I-Metabolic acidosis
• Izinkinga
• Ukuvimbela i-Acidosis
• I-acidosis yokuphefumula
• I-Metabolic acidosis
• Umbono we-Acidosis

Yini i-acidosis?

Lapho uketshezi lomzimba wakho luqukethe i-asidi eningi, yaziwa njenge-acidosis. I-Acidosis yenzeka lapho izinso zakho namaphaphu kungakwazi ukugcina i-pH yomzimba wakho ibhalansi. Izinqubo eziningi zomzimba zikhiqiza i-asidi. Amaphaphu akho nezinso zakho kungakhokhela ukungalingani okuncane kwe-pH, kepha izinkinga ngalezi zitho kungaholela ekuqongeleleni i-asidi emzimbeni wakho.

I-asidi yegazi lakho ilinganiswa ngokuthola i-pH yayo. I-pH ephansi isho ukuthi igazi lakho line-asidi kakhulu, kanti i-pH ephakeme isho ukuthi igazi lakho liyisisekelo. I-pH yegazi lakho kufanele ibe cishe ku-7.4. Ngokwe-American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC), i-acidosis ibonakala nge-pH engu-7.35 noma ngaphansi. I-Alkalosis ibonakala ngezinga le-pH elingu-7.45 noma ngaphezulu. Ngenkathi kubonakala kuncane, lokhu kwehluka kwamanani kungaba kubi kakhulu. I-Acidosis ingaholela ezinkingeni eziningi zezempilo, futhi ingasongela nokuphila.

Izimbangela ze-acidosis

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-acidosis, ngayinye enezimbangela ezahlukahlukene. Uhlobo lwe-acidosis luhlukaniswe njenge-acidosis yokuphefumula noma i-metabolic acidosis, kuya ngesizathu esiyinhloko se-acidosis yakho.

I-acidosis yokuphefumula

I-acidosis yokuphefumula yenzeka lapho i-CO2 yanda kakhulu emzimbeni. Imvamisa, amaphaphu asusa i-CO2 ngenkathi uphefumula. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi umzimba wakho awukwazi ukukhipha i-CO2 eyanele. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yalokhu:

• izimo ezingapheli zomoya, njengesifuba somoya
• ukulimala esifubeni
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, okungenza ukuphefumula kube nzima
• ukusetshenziswa kabi kokuthomalalisa
• ukuphuza ngokweqile
• ubuthakathaka bemisipha esifubeni
• izinkinga ngesistimu yezinzwa
• Isakhiwo sesifuba esikhubazekile

I-Metabolic acidosis

I-Metabolic acidosis iqala ezinso esikhundleni samaphaphu. Kwenzeka lapho bengakwazi ukuqeda i-asidi eyanele noma lapho besusa isisekelo esiningi kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezinkulu ze-metabolic acidosis:

• I-acidosis yesifo sikashukela kwenzeka kubantu abanesifo sikashukela esilawulwa kabi. Uma umzimba wakho ungenayo i-insulin eyanele, ama-ketone ayakha emzimbeni wakho futhi enze i-asidi yakho ibe negazi.
• I-Hyperchloremic acidosis imiphumela yokulahleka kwe-bicarbonate ye-sodium. Lesi sisekelo sisiza ekugcineni igazi lingathathi hlangothi. Kokubili isifo sohudo nokuhlanza kungadala lolu hlobo lwe-acidosis.
• I-Lactic acidosis kwenzeka lapho kune-lactic acid eningi kakhulu emzimbeni wakho. Izimbangela zingabandakanya ukusetshenziswa kotshwala okungapheli, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, umdlavuza, ukuqubuka, ukwehluleka kwesibindi, ukungabikho komoya-mpilo isikhathi eside, noshukela ophansi wegazi. Ngisho nokuvivinya umzimba isikhathi eside kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwe-lactic acid.
• I-renal tubular acidosis kwenzeka lapho izinso zingakwazi ukukhipha ama-asidi emchameni. Lokhu kudala ukuthi igazi libe ne-asidi.

Izici zobungozi

Izici ezinganikela engcupheni ye-acidosis zifaka:

• ukudla okunamafutha amaningi okunama-carbohydrate amancane
• ukwehluleka kwezinso
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• ukoma komzimba
• i-aspirin noma i-methanol poisoning
• isifo sikashukela

Izimpawu ze-acidosis

Kokubili ukuphefumula kanye ne-metabolic acidosis kubelana ngezimpawu eziningi. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ze-acidosis ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesizathu sayo.

I-acidosis yokuphefumula

Ezinye zezimpawu ezijwayelekile zokuphefumula i-acidosis zifaka okulandelayo:

• ukukhathala noma ukozela
• ukukhathala kalula
• ukudideka
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ubuthongo
• ikhanda

I-Metabolic acidosis

Ezinye zezimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-metabolic acidosis zifaka okulandelayo:

• ukuphefumula okusheshayo nokungajulile
• ukudideka
• ukukhathala
• ikhanda
• ubuthongo
• ukungabi nesifiso sokudla
• i-jaundice
• ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo
• umoya onuka izithelo, okuwuphawu lwesifo sikashukela (ketoacidosis)

Ukuhlolwa nokuxilongwa

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungahle ube ne-acidosis, yiya kudokotela ngokushesha. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekululameni kwakho.

Odokotela bahlonza i-acidosis ngochungechunge lwezivivinyo zegazi. Irhasi yegazi egazini ibheka amazinga e-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide egazini lakho. Iphinde iveze igazi lakho i-pH. Iphaneli eyisisekelo ye-metabolic ihlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho kanye ne-pH yakho esele. Ibuye ilinganise amazinga akho e-calcium, amaprotheni, ushukela wegazi, kanye nama-electrolyte. Uma lezi zivivinyo zithathwa ndawonye, ​​zingakhomba izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-acidosis.

Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-acidosis yokuphefumula, udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuhlola impilo yamaphaphu akho. Lokhu kungabandakanya i-X-ray yesifuba noma ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wamaphaphu.

Uma kusolwa i-metabolic acidosis, kuzodingeka unikeze isampula yomchamo. Odokotela bazohlola i-pH ukubona ukuthi uwasusa kahle yini ama-acid nezisekelo. Ukuhlolwa okungeziwe kungadingeka ukuthola imbangela ye-acidosis yakho.

Ukwelashwa kwe-acidosis

Odokotela imvamisa badinga ukwazi ukuthi yini ebangela i-acidosis yakho ukunquma ukuthi ilashwa kanjani. Noma kunjalo, okunye ukwelashwa kungasetshenziselwa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-acidosis. Isibonelo, udokotela wakho angakunika i-sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) ukukhulisa i-pH yegazi lakho. Lokhu kungenziwa ngomlomo noma nge-intravenous (IV) drip. Ukwelashwa kwezinye izinhlobo ze-acidosis kungabandakanya ukwelapha imbangela yazo.

I-acidosis yokuphefumula

Ukwelashwa kwalesi simo kuvame ukwakhelwa ukusiza amaphaphu akho. Isibonelo, unganikezwa izidakamizwa zokunweba indlela ohamba ngayo. Ungase futhi unikezwe umoya-mpilo noma idivayisi eqhubekayo yomoya (CPAP). Idivayisi ye-CPAP ingakusiza uphefumule uma unomoya ophazamisekile noma ubuthakathaka bemisipha.

I-Metabolic acidosis

Izinhlobo ezithile ze-metabolic acidosis ngayinye inezindlela zayo zokwelapha. Abantu abane-hyperchloremic acidosis banganikezwa ngomlomo i-sodium bicarbonate. I-Acidosis evela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso ingalashwa nge-sodium citrate. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela abane-ketoacidosis bathola uketshezi lwe-IV ne-insulin ukulinganisa i-pH yabo. Ukwelashwa kwe-Lactic acidosis kungafaka izithasiselo ze-bicarbonate, uketshezi lwe-IV, i-oxygen, noma ama-antibiotic, kuya ngesizathu.

Izinkinga

Ngaphandle kokwelashwa ngokushesha, i-acidosis ingaholela ezinkingeni zezempilo ezilandelayo:

• amatshe ezinso
• izinkinga ezingapheli zezinso
• ukwehluleka kwezinso
• isifo samathambo
• ukukhula okubambezelekile

Ukuvimbela i-Acidosis

Awukwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphelele i-acidosis. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezithile ongazenza ukwehlisa ubungozi bakho.

I-acidosis yokuphefumula

Ungenza okulandelayo ukunciphisa ingozi yokuphefumula i-acidosis:

• Thatha imishanguzo njengoba kunqunyiwe ungalinge uyixube notshwala.
• Yeka ukubhema. Ukubhema kungalimaza amaphaphu akho futhi kwenze ukuphefumula kungasebenzi kahle.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo. Ukukhuluphala kungenza kube nzima ngawe ukuphefumula.

I-Metabolic acidosis

Ungenza okulandelayo ukunciphisa ubungozi be-metabolic acidosis:

• Hlala u-hydrated. Phuza amanzi amaningi nolunye uketshezi.
• Gcina ukulawula isifo sikashukela. Uma uwaphatha kahle amazinga kashukela egazini, ungagwema i-ketoacidosis.
• Yeka ukuphuza utshwala. Ukuphuza okungapheli kungakhuphula i-lactic acid eyengeziwe.

Umbono we-Acidosis

Abanye abantu balulama ngokuphelele kwi-acidosis. Abanye abantu banezinkinga ngokusebenza komzimba, ukwehluleka ukuphefumula, nokuhluleka kwezinso. I-acidosis enamandla ingadala ukushaqeka noma ngisho nokufa.

Ukululama kahle kwakho ku-acidosis kuncike embangela yakho. Ukushesha, ukwelashwa okufanele kuthonya kakhulu ukululama kwakho.