Okufanele Ukwenze Ngemuva Kokusinda Ekuhlaselweni Inhliziyo

-Delile

• Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo?
• Ukululama komfelokazi
• Ukudla
• Iyini imiphumela emibi ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo?
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kubantu abadala
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngama-stents
• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• Yeka ukubhema
• Phatha ezinye izinto ezinobungozi
• Ukuvuselelwa
• Isikhathi sokuphila ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo
• Okungafanele ukwenze ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo
• Yazi ukuthi ufuna nini ukwelashwa
• Umbono

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo?

Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo yisimo sezempilo esisongela impilo lapho igazi eligelezela enhliziyweni lima ngokungazelelwe ngenxa yomthambo we-coronary ovinjiwe. Ukulimala kwezicubu ezizungezile kwenzeka ngokushesha.

Ukululama ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo ekugcineni kuya ngobukhulu besimo nokuthi siphathwa ngokushesha kangakanani.

Ngemuva nje komcimbi, ungalindela ukuhlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezi-3 kuye kwezi-5, noma kuze kube yilapho isimo sakho sesizinzile.

Sekukonke, kuthatha amasonto ambalwa - futhi mhlawumbe kufika ezinyangeni ezimbalwa - ukululama ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo. Ukululama kwakho ngakunye kuncike ku:

• isimo sakho jikelele
• izinto ezinobungozi
• ukunamathela ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa

Ukululama komfelokazi

"Umenzi womfelokazi," njengoba igama liphakamisa, ubhekisele kuhlobo olubi lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Kwenzeka lapho amaphesenti ayi-100 omthambo wehla wangaphansi wehla (LAD) uvinjelwe.

Lolu hlobo oluthile lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo lungabulala ngenxa yendima ebalulekile yomthambo we-LAD ekunikezeni igazi enhliziyweni yakho.

Izimpawu zomenzi womfelokazi ziyefana nezokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo komunye umthambo ovalekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ubuhlungu besifuba
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ubumhlophe
• ukujuluka
• isicanucanu
• ukukhathala

Ngaphandle kwegama laso, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo yomfelokazi kungathinta nabesifazane, futhi.

Ngalolu hlobo lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ungaba sesibhedlela izinsuku ezingeziwe ezimbalwa, ikakhulukazi uma udinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze uvule umthambo we-LAD.

Ukudla

Ukudla okunamafutha aphansi, okunama-khalori aphansi kufakazelwe ukusiza ukuvimbela ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, uma usuvele uhlaselwe yisifo senhliziyo, ukudla okulungile kumane nje kuyindlela yokusiza ukuvimbela ukwenzeka kwesikhathi esizayo.

Olunye uhlelo lokudla olusizayo lubizwa ngokuthi izindlela zokudla zokumisa umfutho wegazi ophezulu, noma i-DASH.

Inhloso ephelele yalokhu kudla ukunciphisa i-sodium, inyama ebomvu, namafutha agcwele ngenkathi kugxilwe emithonjeni ecebile ye-potassium yezithelo nemifino, kanye nenyama enamafutha, inhlanzi, namafutha ezitshalo.

Ukudla kweMedithera kufana ne-DASH ngoba bobabili bagcizelela ukudla okususelwa ezitshalweni.

Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi ukudla okususelwa ezitshalweni kunganciphisa ukuvuvukala kanye nengcindezi ye-oxidative, enikela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo. Ukudla okunjalo futhi kunganciphisa ukuqina kwesifo senhliziyo.

Kukonke, kuhlose uku:

• Gwema amafutha we-trans namafutha agcwele lapho kungenzeka khona. La mafutha abamba iqhaza ngqo ekwakhekeni koqwembe lwemithambo. Lapho imithambo yakho ivalekile, igazi alisakwazi ukugeleza liye enhliziyweni, okuholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo. Esikhundleni salokho, yidla amafutha avela emithonjeni yezitshalo, njengamafutha omnqumo noma amantongomane.
• Yidla amakhalori ambalwa. Ukudla amakhalori amaningi nokukhuluphala kungaphazamisa inhliziyo yakho.Ukuphatha isisindo sakho nokudla ibhalansi yokudla kwezitshalo, inyama enomzimba, nemikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha amancane kungasiza.
• Nciphisa i-sodium. Ukunciphisa ukudla kwakho kwansuku zonke kwe-sodium kuya ngaphansi ngosuku kunganciphisa umfutho wegazi kanye nobunzima benhliziyo yakho. Lokhu futhi kuyinto esemqoka yokudla kwe-DASH.
• Gxila ekudleni umkhiqizo. Izithelo nemifino ephelele, kufanele ibe ukudla okuyisisekelo ekudleni kwakho. Uma umkhiqizo omusha ungatholakali, cabanga ukufaka esikhundleni sezinguqulo ezifriziwe ezingekho ushukela noma ezingekho usawoti.

Iyini imiphumela emibi ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo?

Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu. Ungazizwa ubuthakathaka futhi ukhathele ngokomqondo.

Ungase futhi ube nesifiso esinciphile. Ukudla ukudla okuncane kungasiza ukubeka ubunzima obuncane enhliziyweni yakho.

Kuvamile ukuba nemiphumela emibi yempilo yengqondo ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Lokhu kungahlala phakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili nezingu-6. Ezinye izimpawu ezihlobene nempilo yengqondo zifaka:

• intukuthelo
• ukucasuka
• uvalo
• ukuqwasha nokukhathala kwasemini
• ukudabuka
• imizwa yecala nokuphelelwa yithemba
• ukulahlekelwa yintshisekelo kokuzilibazisa

Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kubantu abadala

Ingozi yakho yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nesifo senhliziyo iyanda ngemuva kweminyaka engama-65.

Lokhu kungenxa yezinguquko ezihlobene nobudala ezingenzeka enhliziyweni, kufaka phakathi umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) nokuqina kwemithambo yegazi (i-arteriosclerosis).

Ukuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo njengomuntu osekhulile nakho kuza nokucatshangelwa okukhethekile.

Ukuqeqeshwa kokudla nokuzivocavoca kubalulekile ekuvinjelweni kwesifo senhliziyo esizayo, kepha kungathatha isikhathi eside ukululama. Abantu abadala asebekhulile nabo bangaba sengozini enkulu yezinkinga zokuqonda nokunciphisa ukunyakaza kokusebenza.

Ukunciphisa imiphumela yesikhathi eside yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, kunconywa ukuthi abantu abadala asebekhulile baqaphele ngokukhethekile ngokwanda kokuzivocavoca umzimba lapho bekwazi.

Lokhu kuzosiza ekuqiniseni imisipha yenhliziyo nokuyivikela ekulimaleni okuzayo.

Okunye ukucatshangelwa ukuzama ukunciphisa umfutho wegazi, njengoba kudingeka. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme yisimo esivame kakhulu ukuhlobene nenhliziyo kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-75.

Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngama-stents

I-stent isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa amathuba okuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Le tube enezingcingo ifakwa emthanjeni ovinjiwe ukusiza ukwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi liye enhliziyweni yakho. I-stent ishiywe endaweni unomphela ukuthuthukisa isimo sakho.

Lapho kwenziwa nge-angioplasty ye-coronary, ukubekwa kwe-stent kuvula imithambo yakho futhi kukhuphule ukugeleza kwegazi kuye emsipheni wenhliziyo. Ama-stents anciphisa ubungozi bakho bokubhekana nokuncipha kwalowo mthambo ofanayo.

Kodwa-ke, kusenokwenzeka ukuthi uhlaselwe yisifo senhliziyo ngokuzayo kusuka ku- kwehlukile Umthambo ovalekile. Yingakho ukusebenzisa imikhuba yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo kungenamandla kangako.

Ukwenza lolu shintsho kungadlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni ukuvikela ukuhlaselwa okuzayo.

Njengomthetho wesithupha, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho khona manjalo uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba - noma ngabe ngemuva kokufakwa kwesitende. Uma kwenzeka kuvalwa i-stent, uzodinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze uvule umthambo futhi.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi uhlangane negazi ngemuva kokuthola i-stent, okungakhuphula ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma ukuthatha i-aspirin, kanye nemithi elwa nodokotela, efana ne-ticagrelor (i-Brilinta) noma i-clopidogrel (i-Plavix) ukuvimbela amahlule egazi.

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila

Indlela yokuphila enempilo ingaqinisa uhlelo lokwelashwa kwesifo senhliziyo. Cabanga ngemikhuba yakho yamanje yokuphila bese ubheka izindlela ongazithuthukisa ngayo.

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba

Inqobo nje uma udokotela wakho ekunika ukuqhubeka, ungaqala uhlelo lokuzivocavoca ngemuva kokululama ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo.

Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kubalulekile ekulondolozeni isisindo, kodwa futhi kusebenza nemisipha yakho - imisipha ebaluleke kakhulu enhliziyweni yakho.

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuvivinya umzimba oluthola ukupompa kwegazi lakho luyazuzisa. Uma kukhulunywa ngempilo yenhliziyo, noma kunjalo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba kungcono kakhulu. Izibonelo zifaka:

• ukubhukuda
• ukuhamba ngebhayisikili
• ukugijima noma ukugijima
• ukuhamba ngesivinini esilinganiselayo kuya ngokushesha

Lezi zinhlobo zokuzivocavoca zisiza ukukhuphula inani leoksijini elijikeleza emzimbeni wakho futhi ziphinde ziqinise amandla enhliziyo okumpompa ngomfula wegazi kuye emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Njengebhonasi eyengeziwe, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kusiza ukunciphisa:

• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• ukucindezeleka
• cholesterol

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ngenkathi uzivocavoca, njengokuphefumula isikhathi eside, izitho ezibuthakathaka, noma ubuhlungu besifuba, ima ngokushesha bese ushayela u-911 noma ufune usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha.

Yeka ukubhema

Uma ubhema, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wakucabanga ukuyeka esikhathini esedlule, kodwa ukwenza kanjalo kubaluleke kakhulu ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Ukubhema kuyingcuphe yesifo senhliziyo ngoba kwandisa umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nengozi yamahlule ngokunciphisa amaseli e-oxygen ngaphakathi kwegazi.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanzima ukumpompa igazi futhi inamaseli womoya-mpilo ambalwa ukugcina ukusebenza kahle.

Ukuyeka manje kungayithuthukisa kakhulu impilo yakho yonke futhi kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvela kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okuzayo. Qiniseka ukuthi ugwema intuthu kagwayi nayo, ngoba idala izingozi ezifanayo maqondana nempilo yenhliziyo.

Phatha ezinye izinto ezinobungozi

Isifo senhliziyo singasebenza emindenini, kepha iningi lokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo kungabangelwa ukukhetha kwendlela yokuphila.

Ngaphandle kokudla, ukuvivinya umzimba, nemikhuba yokubhema, kubalulekile ukuphatha ezinye izinto ezinobungozi ezingaba nomthelela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo ngokuzayo.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana:

• umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• cholesterol ephezulu
• isifo sikashukela
• isifo segilo
• amanani angavamile okucindezeleka
• ukukhathazeka ngempilo yengqondo, njengokukhathazeka nokudangala
• ukuphuza utshwala

Ukuvuselelwa

Uzodinga ukufaka nohlelo lokuvuselela inhliziyo. Odokotela nabanye ochwepheshe bezokwelapha baqhuba lezi zinhlelo. Zenzelwe ukuqapha isimo sakho nenqubo yokutakula ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Kanye nemfundo mayelana nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila, izinto zakho ezinobungozi benhliziyo zizobhekwa ukuqinisekisa ukululama okunempilo. Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngezindlela ongaqapha ngazo nezingozi zakho zenhliziyo.

Izinombolo zemigomo ezingaba khona zezici zakho zobungozi zifaka:

• umfutho wegazi ungaphansi kuka-130/80 mmHg (amamilimitha e-mercury)
• ububanzi besinqe ngaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-35 kwabesifazane nangaphansi kwama-intshi angama-40 kwabesilisa
• inkomba yomzimba (BMI) phakathi kuka-18.5 no-24.9
• i-cholesterol egazini engaphansi kwe-180 mg / dL (milligrams nge-deciliter ngayinye)
• i-glucose yegazi ngaphansi kwe-100 mg / dL (ngezikhathi zokuzila okujwayelekile)

Uzothola ukufundwa okuvamile kwalawa mamethrikhi ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, kuyasiza ukuhlala wazi lezi zinombolo ngaphezu kokuvuselelwa.

Isikhathi sokuphila ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo

Ingozi ephelele yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo iyanda ngokukhula, ikakhulukazi ku.

Ukutholwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungakhuphula iminyaka yakho yonke yokuphila emva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Noma kunjalo, kulinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti angama-20 abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-45 nangaphezulu bazohlangabezana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwesibili kungakapheli iminyaka emihlanu.

Kunezibalo ezithile zokuthi kuze kufike kumaphesenti angama-42 abesifazane bafa kungakapheli unyaka ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, kanti isimo esifanayo senzeka kumaphesenti angama-24 abesilisa.

Lo mehluko wamaphesenti kungenzeka ukuthi ubangelwe ngabesifazane abanezimpawu ezihlukile kunabesilisa ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngakho-ke bengakuboni ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kusaqalwa.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi abantu abaningi baqhubeka nokuphila impilo ende kulandela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Azikho izibalo ezijwayelekile ezichaza isikhathi sokuphila ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Kubalulekile ukusebenzela izinto zakho eziyingozi ukuze uvikele iziqephu ezizayo.

Okungafanele ukwenze ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo

Nikeza inhliziyo yakho ithuba lokuphulukiswa ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungadinga ukuguqula inqubo yakho ejwayelekile bese ucubungula kabusha imisebenzi ethile amasonto ambalwa.

Kancane kancane yehlisela esimeni sakho sansuku zonke ukuze ungazibeki engcupheni yokubuyela emuva. Kungadingeka ukuthi ushintshe imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke uma icindezela.

Kungathatha izinyanga ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba udokotela wakho akunikeze KULUNGILE ukubuyela emsebenzini.

Ngokuya ngezinga lokucindezeleka lomsebenzi wakho, kungadingeka ukuthi unciphise kakhulu umthwalo wakho noma unciphise kuwo itoho.

Ungahle ungakwazi ukushayela imoto okungenani isonto ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lo mkhawulo ungaba made uma unezinkinga.

Isifunda ngasinye sinemithetho ehlukile, kepha umthetho ojwayelekile ngukuthi isimo sakho kufanele sizinze okungenani ngaphambi kokuthi uvunyelwe ukushayela futhi.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzokweluleka ukuthi uyeke ukuya ocansini nakweminye imisebenzi yomzimba okungenani amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Yazi ukuthi ufuna nini ukwelashwa

Usengozini eyengeziwe yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ngemuva kokululama kowokuqala.

Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale uhambelana nomzimba wakho futhi ubike noma yiziphi izimpawu kudokotela wakho ngokushesha, noma ngabe zibonakala zincane.

Shayela ku-911 noma funa usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana:

• ukukhathala okungazelelwe nokwedlulele
• ubuhlungu besifuba, nobuhlungu obuya engalweni eyodwa noma zombili
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• ukujuluka (ngaphandle kokuzivocavoca)
• isiyezi noma ukuquleka
• ukuvuvukala kwemilenze
• ukuphelelwa umoya

Umbono

Ukuthuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo yakho ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kuncike ekutheni unamathela kangakanani ohlelweni lokwelashwa kukadokotela wakho. Kuya futhi ngekhono lakho lokuthola izinkinga ezingaba khona.

Kufanele futhi uqaphele umehluko emiphumeleni yokwelashwa phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Abaphenyi bathole ukuthi amaphesenti angama-42 abesifazane bafa kungakapheli unyaka owodwa behlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angama-24 abesilisa.

ICenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ilinganisela ukuthi abantu baba nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo minyaka yonke e-United States nokuthi kulaba ngabantu abake bahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo phambilini.

Ukwazi izici zakho zobungozi nokwenza ushintsho endleleni yokuphila kungakusiza ube ngumuntu osindile futhi ujabulele impilo yakho.