Okufanele ukwenze ekukhulelweni ukuze ungadluliseli ingculazi enganeni

-Delile

• Kunakekelwa kanjani ngaphambi kokubeletha kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abane-HIV
• Ukwelashwa kwengculaza lapho ukhulelwe
• Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo
• Kunjani ukulethwa
• Wazi kanjani ukuthi ingane yakho ine-HIV

Ukudluliswa kwengculaza kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, sokubeletha noma sokuncelisa ibele, ngakho-ke, lokho owesifazane okhulelwe one-HIV okufanele akwenze ukugwema ukungcoliswa kwengane kubandakanya ukuphuza imishanguzo ekhonjiswe ngudokotela, ukuba nengxenye yokuhlinzwa nokuncelisa ingane ibele.

Nalu olunye ulwazi oluwusizo ngokunakekelwa kokubeletha nokubeletha kwabesifazane abane-HIV.

Kunakekelwa kanjani ngaphambi kokubeletha kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abane-HIV

Ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abane-HIV + kwehluke kancane, okudinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe. Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa okujwayele ukwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, udokotela anga-oda:

• Ukubalwa kwamaseli e-CD4 (njalo kwikota)
• Umthwalo wegciwane (njalo kwikota)
• Umsebenzi wesibindi nowezinso (njalo ngenyanga)
• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (njalo ngenyanga)

Lezi zivivinyo zibalulekile ngoba zisiza ekuhloleni, esiteji nasekuboniseni uhlobo lwemishanguzo, futhi zingenziwa ezikhungweni zokubhekela ukwelashwa kwengculazi. Ezigulini ezitholwe zine-HIV ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, lezi zivivinyo kufanele zi-odwe lapho kudingeka.

Zonke izinqubo ezihlaselayo, ezinjenge-amniocentesis kanye ne-chorionic villus biopsy, ziyaphikiswa ngoba zandisa ubungozi bokutheleleka kwengane futhi, ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka kusolwa ukungalungi kahle kombungu, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi kukhonjiswa kakhulu.

Imithi yokugoma enganikezwa abesifazane abakhulelwe abane-HIV yile:

• Goma ngokumelene ne-tetanus ne-diphtheria;
• Umuthi wokugomela i-Hepatitis A no-B;
• Ukugonywa komkhuhlane;
• Umuthi wokugomela inkukhu.

Umuthi wokugomela igciwane ophindwe kathathu uyaphikiswa ekukhulelweni futhi i-yellow fever ayikhonjisiwe, yize ingafakwa ku-trimester yokugcina, uma kunesidingo esikhulu.

Ukwelashwa kwengculaza lapho ukhulelwe

Uma owesifazane okhulelwe engayiphuzi imishanguzo ye-HIV, kufanele aqale ukuthatha amasonto aphakathi kuka-14 no-28 okukhulelwa, ngokufakwa kwamakhambi omlomo amathathu. Umuthi osetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni i-AIDS ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa yi-AZT, eyehlisa ingozi yokutheleleka enganeni.

Lapho owesifazane enesisindo esikhulu segciwane lesandulela ngculaza nenani eliphansi le-CD4, ukwelashwa akufanele kuqhutshekwe ngemuva kokubeletha, ukuvimbela owesifazane ekungenweni yizifo ezinzima, njenge-pneumonia, meningitis noma isifo sofuba.

Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo

Imiphumela emibi edalwa yimishanguzo yengculazi kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ifaka ukwehla kwamaseli abomvu egazi, ukushoda kwegazi okunzima nokuhluleka kwesibindi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungahle kube nengozi eyengeziwe yokumelana ne-insulin, isicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuqwasha, ikhanda elibuhlungu nezinye izimpawu okufanele zibikwe kudokotela ukuze kuhlolwe imishanguzo yokuthithibalisa igciwane lengculazi, ngoba kwezinye izimo kungadingeka ukushintsha inhlanganisela yemithi.

Ngokusobala lezi zidakamizwa azizithinti kabi izingane, yize kunemibiko yamacala ezingane ezinesisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kodwa ebezingenakuhlobene nokusetshenziswa kukanina ngemithi.

Kunjani ukulethwa

Ukulethwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanengculaza kumele kube yizingxenye zokubeletha ezikhethiwe emasontweni angama-38 okukhulelwa, ukuze i-AZT ikwazi ukugijima emthanjeni wesiguli okungenani amahora amane ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwengane, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ithuba lokudlulisela i-HIV mpela enganeni.

Ngemuva kokubeletha owesifazane okhulelwe one-AIDS, ingane kumele iphuze i-AZT amasonto ayisithupha futhi ukuncelisa ibele kuyaphikiswa, futhi kufanele kusetshenziswe ifomula lobisi oluyimpuphu.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi ingane yakho ine-HIV

Ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ingane ingenwe yini yigciwane le-HIV, kufanele kuhlolwe igazi kathathu. Owokuqala kufanele wenziwe phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-14 nezingama-21 zokuphila, okwesibili kube phakathi kwenyanga yoku-1 neyesi-2 yokuphila neyesithathu phakathi kwenyanga yesi-4 neyesi-6.

Ukutholakala kwengculaza enganeni kuqinisekiswa uma kunezihlolo zegazi ezi-2 ezinomphumela omuhle we-HIV. Bona ukuthi zingaba yini izimpawu ze-HIV enganeni.

Imithi yengculazi inikezwa mahhala yi-SUS kanye namafomula obisi ezingane ezisanda kuzalwa.