Yini i-Akinesia?

-Delile

• I-akinesia yesisu
• I-Akinesia ne-dyskinesia: Uyini umehluko?
• Izimpawu
• Ukwelashwa
• Imithi
• Izikhuthazi ezingatshalwa
• Phezu kwekhawunta
• Ukwelashwa okuhlukile nokwasekhaya
• Izimbangela nezici zobungozi
• Umbono

I-Akinesia

I-Akinesia yigama lokulahlekelwa yikhono lokuhambisa imisipha yakho ngokuzithandela. Kuvame ukuchazwa njengophawu lwesifo sikaParkinson's (PD). Kungabonakala njengesibonakaliso sezinye izimo, futhi.

Esinye sezimpawu ezivamile ze-akinesia “ukubanda.” Lokhu kusho ukuthi indawo eyodwa noma eziningi zomzimba wakho azisakwazi ukunyakaza ngenxa yesimo sezinzwa, njengePD. Lezi zimo zenza ukuthi amangqamuzana ezinzwa (ama-neuron) ezikhungweni zakho zokunyakaza kwengqondo asebenze buthaka futhi afe. Lapho-ke ama-neurons awasakwazi ukuthumela amasiginali ezinzwa nasemisipheni. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi ulahlekelwe amandla akho okulawula imisipha yakho. Lokhu kungafaka imisipha ebusweni bakho, ezandleni, emilenzeni, noma eminye imisipha oyisebenzisa nsuku zonke.

I-Akinesia nezimo eziningi ezibangela ukuthi ziqhubeke. Izimo eziningi ziyaqhubeka futhi azelapheki, kepha hhayi zonke. I-hypothyroidism enamandla ingadala ukuguqulwa kwesifo se-akinetic. I-parkinsonism eyenziwe yizidakamizwa nayo ingahle iguqulwe.

Ukwelashwa nemithi yokwehlisa ukukhula kwe-akinesia nezimo zezinzwa ezifana ne-PD ziyatholakala. Bangasiza ukukhawulela imiphumela i-akinesia enayo empilweni yakho yansuku zonke.

I-akinesia yesisu

U-Akinesia kungenzeka embungwini osesibelethweni. Lesi simo sibizwa nge-fetal akinesia. Kulezi zimo, imibungu ayinyakazi njengoba kulindelekile. Lesi simo singenzeka futhi ngezinye izimpawu. Amaphaphu ombungu kungenzeka angakhuli kahle noma ingane izalwe inezici zobuso ezingavamile. Lezi zimpawu zaziwa ngokuthi yi-fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS). Kungenzeka ukuthi kuvela kuzakhi zofuzo zabo.

I-Akinesia ne-dyskinesia: Uyini umehluko?

I-Akinesia ihlukile kune-dyskinesia. I-Dyskinesia ingenzeka ngezimo lapho imisipha yakho ishwiba noma ihambe ngokungathandi. Ku-akinesia, awukwazi ukuqondisa imisipha yakho ukuthi ihambe (kwesinye isikhathi ngokuphelele). Kepha imisipha ayilahli amakhono abo. Yisistimu ye-extrapyramidal noma izikhungo zokunyakaza ezinamaphutha.

Ku-dyskinesia, imisipha yakho ingahamba ngokungalindelekile noma njalo ngaphandle kokuma. Njenge-akinesia, i-dyskinesia nayo ingenzeka ezimeni ezifana ne-PD.

Izimpawu

Uphawu olubonakala kakhulu lwe-akinesia “ukubanda.” Lokhu kungakwenza uzizwe uqinile eqenjini elilodwa noma amaningi emisipha. Kungenza ubuso bakho bubukeke sengathi buqandekile kusimo sobuso esisodwa. Kungakwenza futhi ukuthi uhambe ngenhlangano eqinile eqinile eyaziwa ngokuthi "ukubanda okubandayo."

Lesi sibonakaliso senzeka futhi ngenxa yesimo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), esivame ukuthinta ukuhamba nokulinganisela ngaphambi kwe-PD. Ezinye izimpawu ezingabonakala kanye ne-akinesia uma une-PD zifaka:

• ukuqhaqhazela kwemisipha (ukuthuthumela) ezandleni naseminwe yakho, ikakhulukazi lapho uphumule noma uphazamisekile
• ukuthamba kwezwi noma inkulumo eyehlisiwe
• ukungakwazi ukuma mpo noma ukugcina ukuma okuthile
• ukuhamba kancane nokuthatha isikhathi eside ukuqeda imisebenzi ebonakalayo (bradykinesia)

Izimpawu ze-PSP ezingabonakala kanye ne-akinesia (ikakhulukazi ebusweni) zifaka:

• ukulahlekelwa ukubona noma ukungaboni kahle
• ukungakwazi ukuhambisa amehlo ngokushesha okukhulu
• ukungakwazi ukubheka phezulu naphansi kalula
• ukungakwazi ukubuka iso isikhathi eside
• unenkinga yokugwinya
• ukuba nezimpawu zokucindezeleka, kufaka phakathi ukushintsha kwemizwelo

Ukwelashwa

Imithi

Olunye lwezindlela zokwelashwa ezivame kakhulu ze-akinesia njengomphumela we-PD ukuxubana kwe-levodopa, i-agent yesistimu yezinzwa, ne-carbidopa. ICarbidopa isiza ukugcina imiphumela emibi ye-levodopa, njengesicanucanu, ekubeni nzima kakhulu.

I-Akinesia ku-PD ingenzeka njengomphumela wokushoda kwe-dopamine. Ingqondo yakho ikhiqiza i-dopamine bese iyidlulisela emzimbeni wakho ngama-neurons. I-Levodopa isiza ekwelapheni i-akinesia nezinye izimpawu ze-PD ngoba ubuchopho bakho buyiphendula ibe yi-dopamine. Ngemuva kwalokho ingafakwa emzimbeni wakho ukusiza ukukhulula ukuqina kwemisipha ye-akinesia kanye ne-tics nokudlidliza kwezinye izimpawu ze-PD.

I-Levodopa ne-carbidopa zingasebenzisana neminye imithi futhi zibe nemiphumela emibi ethile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi le ndlela yokwelashwa ingakuthinta kanjani ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha le mithi.

Ama-inhibitor e-MAO-B nawo asiza ukumisa i-dopamine ekubeni yehliswe ngokwemvelo ngama-enzyme omzimba wakho. Lokhu futhi kukhulisa inani le-dopamine etholakalayo ukulwa ne-akinesia futhi inciphise inqubekela phambili ye-PD.

Imithi ngokuvamile ayisebenzi ekwelapheni i-akinesia ebangelwa yi-PSP. Ama-anti-depressants angasiza ekunciphiseni i-akinesia nezimpawu zokucindezeleka ezingabangelwa yi-PSP. Imijovo ye-botulinum nayo ingasiza ekubhekaneni nezimpawu ezifana nokuvala ijwabu leso ngokungazibandakanyi (i-blepharospasm).

Izikhuthazi ezingatshalwa

Uma imishanguzo ejwayelekile iphela ngokushesha noma ingenawo umthelela oyifunayo kuma-akinesia, odokotela bangaxoxa ngokutholakala kokufakelwa kwama-electrode ukuze kuvuselele izindawo zokuhamba. Lokhu kwelashwa kusiza ngezimpawu ezimweni esezithuthuke kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukukhuthazeka kobuchopho okujulile. Kuyindlela esetshenziswe kakhulu ku-PD.

Kukhona izinzuzo nemikhawulo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ubone ukuthi bangakuncoma yini le ndlela yokwelashwa.

Phezu kwekhawunta

I-Akinesia ingadala ubuhlungu nokuqina, futhi ukuthatha imishanguzo ye-PD noma i-PSP kungadala ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki. Ukuthatha ukudambisa izinhlungu ngaphezulu, okufana nezidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) afana ne-ibuprofen ne-acetaminophen kungasiza ekunciphiseni obunye ubuhlungu obungabangelwa yi-PD, i-PSP, noma imishanguzo ehambisana nayo.

Ukwelashwa okuhlukile nokwasekhaya

Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kungakusiza wehlise ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki okungenzeka nge-akinesia nezinye izimo zomsebenzi wezimoto ezingabangelwa yi-PD noma i-PSP. Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma owelapha ngokomzimba ngokwakha uhlelo lokuzivocavoca oluhle futhi oluphephile kuwe kuye ngezimpawu zakho kanye nokuqhubeka kwe-akinesia. Ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi awuzisebenzisi ngokweqile noma ukuwa ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca kubalulekile. Ukwenza i-yoga noma i-tai chi, esiza ukwelula imisipha yakho, kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwe-akinesia. Ukuzivocavoca kukhonjisiwe ukubambezela ukwehla kokusebenza kwe-PD.

Ukuthatha i-coenzyme Q10 izinyanga ezimbalwa kungakusiza uma usezigabeni zokuqala ze-PD noma i-PSP. Ukudla ukudla nge-fiber eningi nokuphuza amanzi amaningi (okungenani ama-ounces angama-64 ngosuku) kungasiza ekugcineni izimpawu zakho zibe zincane.

Ukwelashwa okusiza ukukhulula imisipha yakho, njengokumasaja kanye nokutholwa komzimba, nakho kungakhulula izimpawu ze-PD ne-PSP. Ukuzindla noma ukwenza izinto ezikukhuluphalisayo, njengokulalela umculo noma ukudweba, kungasiza ekunciphiseni imiphumela ye-akinesia futhi kukusize ugcine ukulawula imisipha yakho.

Izimbangela nezici zobungozi

I-Akinesia ebangelwa yi-PD ne-PSP ayinayo njalo imbangela esobala ngoba lezi zimo zingabangelwa inhlanganisela yezakhi zakho zofuzo nemvelo yakho. Kucatshangwa futhi ukuthi izihlanganisi zezicubu ebuchosheni bakho ezibizwa ngokuthi yimizimba yeLewy zinganikela ku-PD. Iphrotheni kule mizimba yeLewy, ebizwa nge-alpha-synuclein, nayo ingadlala indima ekubangeleni iPD.

Umbono

I-Akinesia nezimo eziningi eziyibangelayo azikabi nalo ikhambi. Kepha imithi eminingi, izindlela zokwelapha, nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila kungakusiza ukuthi uhlale usebenza futhi ukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Ucwaningo olusha mayelana nePD, i-PSP, nezinye izimo ezihlobene luvela unyaka nonyaka, ikakhulukazi emizimbeni yeLeyy nakwezinye izici zebhayoloji ezingadala lezi zimo. Lolu cwaningo lungasondeza odokotela nososayensi ekuqondeni indlela yokwelapha nokwelapha i-akinesia nezimbangela zayo.