Kuyini i-Anisocytosis?

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Izimpawu ze-anisocytosis
• Izimbangela ze-anisocytosis
• Ukuhlonza i-anisocytosis
• I-anisocytosis iphathwa kanjani
• I-Anisocytosis ekukhulelweni
• Izinkinga ze-anisocytosis
• Umbono

Ukubuka konke

I-Anisocytosis yigama lezokwelapha lokuba namaseli abomvu egazi (ama-RBC) angalingani ngosayizi. Imvamisa, ama-RBC womuntu wonke kufanele alingane ngokulingana.

I-Anisocytosis ivame ukubangelwa esinye isimo sezokwelapha esibizwa nge-anemia. Kungabangelwa nezinye izifo zegazi noma yimithi ethile esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza. Ngalesi sizathu, ukuba khona kwe-anisocytosis kuvame ukusiza ekutholeni ukuphazamiseka kwegazi njenge-anemia.

Ukwelashwa kwe-anisocytosis kuya ngesizathu. Isimo asisiyona eyingozi sisodwa, kodwa sikhombisa inkinga eyisisekelo ngama-RBC.

Izimpawu ze-anisocytosis

Ngokuya ngokuthi yini ebangela i-anisocytosis, ama-RBCs angahle abe:

• kukhulu kunokujwayelekile (macrocytosis)
• incane kunokujwayelekile (microcytosis), noma
• womabili (amanye makhulu futhi amanye amancane kunokujwayelekile)

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-anisocytosis yilezo ze-anemia nezinye izifo zegazi:

• ubuthakathaka
• ukukhathala
• isikhumba esiphaphathekile
• ukuphelelwa umoya

Izimpawu eziningi zingumphumela wokwehla kokulethwa komoya-mpilo ezicutshini nasemalungeni omzimba.

I-Anisocytosis nayo ibhekwa njengophawu lwezifo eziningi zegazi.

Izimbangela ze-anisocytosis

I-Anisocytosis imvamisa ingumphumela wesinye isimo esibizwa nge-anemia. Ku-anemia, ama-RBC awakwazi ukuthwala i-oxygen eyanele ezicutshini zomzimba wakho. Kungaba nama-RBCs ambalwa kakhulu, amaseli angahle abe nokuma okungajwayelekile, noma angahle angabi nenhlanganisela ebalulekile eyaziwa ngokuthi i-hemoglobin.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-anemia ezingaholela kuma-RBCs angalingani, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukushoda kwe-iron anemia: Le yindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokushoda kwegazi. Kwenzeka lapho umzimba ungenayo i-ayoni eyanele, kungaba ngenxa yokulahleka kwegazi noma ukushoda kokudla. Imvamisa kuphumela ku-microcytic anisocytosis.
• I-Sickle cell anemia: Lesi sifo sofuzo siholela kuma-RBCs anomumo we-crescent ongajwayelekile.
• I-Thalassemia: Lesi yisifo segazi esizuzwe njengefa lapho umzimba wenza i-hemoglobin engajwayelekile. Imvamisa kuphumela ku-microcytic anisocytosis.
• I-autoimmune hemolytic anemias: Leli qembu lezinkinga livela lapho amasosha omzimba abulala ngephutha ama-RBC.
• I-Megaloblastic anemia: Uma kune-RBCs engaphansi kwaleyo ejwayelekile kanti ama-RBCs makhulu kunokujwayelekile (i-macrocytic anisocytosis), le miphumela ye-anemia. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-folate noma i-vitamin B-12.
• I-anemia esabekayo: Lolu uhlobo lwe-macrocytic anemia olubangelwa umzimba ukungakwazi ukwamukela uvithamini B-12. I-anemia enamandla i-autoimmune disorder.

Ezinye izinkinga ezingadala i-anisocytosis zifaka:

• isifo se-myelodysplastic
• isifo esingalapheki sesibindi
• iziyaluyalu ze-thyroid

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imishanguzo ethile esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza, eyaziwa njenge-cytotoxic chemotherapy drug, ingaholela ku-anisocytosis.

I-Anisocytosis nayo ingabonakala kulabo abanezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegciwane.

Ukuhlonza i-anisocytosis

I-Anisocytosis ivame ukutholakala ngesikhathi se-smear yegazi. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela usakaza ungqimba oluncane lwegazi kwisilayidi semicroscope. Igazi linamabala okusiza ukuhlukanisa amaseli bese libhekwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Ngale ndlela udokotela uzokwazi ukubona usayizi nokuma kwama-RBC akho.

Uma i-smear yegazi ikhombisa ukuthi une-anisocytosis, udokotela wakho kungenzeka afune ukwenza izivivinyo eziningi zokuxilonga ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela ukuthi ama-RBC akho angalingani ngosayizi. Cishe bazokubuza imibuzo ngomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho kanye nowakho. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye izimpawu noma uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi. Udokotela futhi angakubuza imibuzo ngokudla kwakho.

Ezinye izivivinyo zokuxilonga zingafaka:

• ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (CBC)
• amazinga wensimbi we-serum
• ukuhlolwa kwe-ferritin
• uvivinyo lukavithamini B-12
• ukuhlolwa komuntu

I-anisocytosis iphathwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-anisocytosis kuncike kulokho okubangela isimo. Isibonelo, i-anisocytosis ebangelwa i-anemia ehlobene nokudla okuphansi ku-vitamin B-12, folate, noma i-iron cishe izophathwa ngokuthatha izengezo nokwandisa inani lalawa mavithamini ekudleni kwakho.

Abantu abanezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia, njenge-sickle cell anemia noma i-thalassemia, bangadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi ukwelapha isimo sabo. Abantu abane-myelodysplastic syndrome bangadinga ukufakelwa umnkantsha wethambo.

I-Anisocytosis ekukhulelweni

I-Anisocytosis ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ivame ukubangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-iron anemia. Abesifazane abakhulelwe basengozini enkulu yalokhu ngoba badinga i-iron eningi ukwenza ama-RBC engane yabo ekhulayo.

kukhombisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-anisocytosis kungaba yindlela yokuthola ukushoda kwensimbi kusenesikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Uma ukhulelwe futhi une-anisocytosis, udokotela wakho kungenzeka afune ukwenza ezinye izivivinyo ukuze abone ukuthi une-anemia futhi aqale ukuyelapha ngokushesha. I-anemia ingaba yingozi kumntwana ngenxa yalezi zizathu:

• Umbungu kungenzeka ukuthi awutholi i-oxygen eyanele.
• Ungakhathala ngokweqile.
• Ingozi yokusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi nezinye izinkinga ziyanda.

Izinkinga ze-anisocytosis

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-anisocytosis - noma imbangela yayo eyisisekelo - ingaholela ku:

• amazinga aphansi amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi nama-platelets
• ukulimala kwesistimu yezinzwa
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• izinkinga zokukhulelwa, kufaka phakathi ukukhubazeka okukhulu kokuzalwa emgogodleni kanye nobuchopho bengane ekhulayo (ukukhubazeka kwe-neural tube)

Umbono

Umbono wesikhathi eside we-anisocytosis uncike embangela yawo nokuthi uphathwa ngokushesha kangakanani. Ngokwesibonelo, i-anemia iyelapheka, kodwa ingaba yingozi uma ingalashwa. I-anemia ebangelwa ukuphazamiseka kofuzo (njenge-sickle cell anemia) izodinga ukwelashwa impilo yonke.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe abane-anisocytosis kufanele bathathe lesi simo ngokungathi sína, ngoba i-anemia ingadala izinkinga zokukhulelwa.