I-Laparoscopy

-Delile

• Kungani kwenziwa i-laparoscopy?
• Ziyini izingozi ze-laparoscopy?
• Ngiyilungiselela kanjani i-laparoscopy?
• I-laparoscopy yenziwa kanjani?
• Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama kwi-laparoscopy?
• Imiphumela ye-laparoscopy

Kuyini i-laparoscopy?

I-laparoscopy, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-laparoscopy yokuxilonga, inqubo yokuhlinza yokuhlonza esetshenziselwa ukuhlola izitho ngaphakathi kwesisu. Kuyindlela enobungozi obuphansi, inqubo engatheni encane edinga ukusikwa okuncane kuphela.

ILaparoscopy isebenzisa insimbi ebizwa nge-laparoscope ukubheka izitho zesisu. I-laparoscope iyishubhu ende, ezacile enesibani esinamandla amakhulu nekhamera enokucaca okuphezulu ngaphambili. Ithuluzi lifakwa ngokusebenzisa imbobo odongeni lwesisu. Njengoba ihamba, ikhamera ithumela izithombe kumqapha-vidiyo.

I-laparoscopy ivumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abone ngaphakathi komzimba wakho ngesikhathi sangempela, ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa okuvulekile. Udokotela wakho futhi angathola amasampula we-biopsy ngale nqubo.

Kungani kwenziwa i-laparoscopy?

I-laparoscopy ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhomba nokuhlonza umthombo wezinhlungu zesisu noma zesisu. Kuvame ukwenziwa lapho izindlela ezingezona ezokuhlasela zingakwazi ukusiza ngokuxilongwa.

Ezimweni eziningi, izinkinga zesisu zingatholakala nokuthi zinezindlela zokucabanga ezinjengalezi:

• i-ultrasound, esebenzisa amagagasi omsindo wemvamisa ephezulu ukwakha izithombe zomzimba
• I-CT scan, okuwuchungechunge lwama-X-ray akhethekile athatha izithombe ezihlukanisayo zomzimba
• I-MRI scan, esebenzisa odonsa kanye namagagasi omsakazo ukukhiqiza izithombe zomzimba

I-laparoscopy yenziwa lapho lezi zivivinyo zinganikeli ngemininingwane eyanele noma ukuqonda ngokuxilongwa. Le nqubo ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuthatha i-biopsy, noma isampula lezicubu, kusuka esithweni esithile esiswini.

Udokotela wakho angancoma i-laparoscopy ukuhlola izitho ezilandelayo:

• isithasiselo
• inyongo
• isibindi
• amanyikwe
• amathumbu amancane namathumbu amakhulu (ikholoni)
• ubende
• isisu
• izitho zangasese noma zokuzala

Ngokubheka lezi zindawo nge-laparoscope, udokotela wakho angathola:

• isisu esiswini noma isimila
• uketshezi emgodini wesisu
• isifo sesibindi
• ukusebenza kwemithi ethile
• izinga lapho umdlavuza othile usuthuthuke khona

Futhi, udokotela wakho angakwazi ukungenelela ukwelapha isimo sakho ngokushesha ngemuva kokuxilongwa.

Ziyini izingozi ze-laparoscopy?

Izingozi ezivame kakhulu ezihambisana ne-laparoscopy ukuphuma kwegazi, ukutheleleka, nokulimala kwezitho esiswini sakho. Noma kunjalo, lezi yizinto ezingavamile.

Ngemuva kwenqubo yakho, kubalulekile ukubuka noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka. Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana:

• imfiva noma amakhaza
• ubuhlungu besisu obuqina kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• ububomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukopha, noma ukudonsa ezindaweni zokuqhekeza
• isicanucanu esiqhubekayo noma ukuhlanza
• ukukhwehlela okuphikelelayo
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukungakwazi ukuchama
• ubumhlophe

Kukhona ingozi encane yokulimala kwezitho ezihlolwa ngesikhathi se-laparoscopy. Igazi nolunye uketshezi kungavuza emzimbeni wakho uma isitho siqhutshwa. Kulokhu, uzodinga okunye ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa umonakalo.

Izingozi ezivame kakhulu zifaka:

• izinkinga ezivela ku-anesthesia ejwayelekile
• ukuvuvukala kodonga lwesisu
• ihlule legazi, elingaya esikhaleni sakho, emilenzeni, noma emaphashini

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angakholelwa ukuthi ubungozi be-laparoscopy yokuxilonga buphakeme kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinzuzo zokusebenzisa inqubo encane engenayo. Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka kulabo asebeke bahlinzwa ngaphambi kwesisu, okwandisa ubungozi bokubambelela phakathi kwezakhiwo esiswini. Ukwenza i-laparoscopy lapho kukhona ukunamathela kuzothatha isikhathi eside futhi kukhulisa ubungozi bokulimaza izitho.

Ngiyilungiselela kanjani i-laparoscopy?

Kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nganoma imuphi umuthi kadokotela noma imishanguzo oyithenga uphuza yona. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele zisetshenziswe kanjani ngaphambi nangemva kwenqubo.

Udokotela wakho angashintsha umthamo wanoma imiphi imithi engathinta umphumela we-laparoscopy. Le mithi ihlanganisa:

• ama-anticoagulants, njengama-thinner egazi
• izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID), kufaka phakathi i-aspirin (iBufferin) noma ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB)
• eminye imithi ethinta ukujiya kwegazi
• izithako zemithi noma zokudla
• uvithamini K

Kufanele futhi utshele udokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe noma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ubungozi bokulimala enganeni yakho ekhulayo.

Ngaphambi kwe-laparoscopy, udokotela wakho anga-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi, i-urinalysis, i-electrocardiogram (EKG noma i-ECG), ne-X-ray yesifuba. Udokotela wakho angenza futhi izivivinyo ezithile ze-imaging, kufaka phakathi i-ultrasound, i-CT scan, noma i-MRI scan.

Lezi zivivinyo zingasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde kangcono okungajwayelekile okuhlolwa ngesikhathi se-laparoscopy. Imiphumela inika nodokotela wakho umhlahlandlela obukwayo ngaphakathi kwesisu sakho. Lokhu kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-laparoscopy.

Kuzodingeka ukuthi ugweme ukudla nokuphuza okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili ngaphambi kwe-laparoscopy. Kufanele futhi uhlele ukuthi ilungu lomndeni noma umngani azokushayela ngemoto ngemuva kwenqubo. I-laparoscopy ivame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, engakwenza ukozele futhi ungakwazi ukushayela amahora amaningi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

I-laparoscopy yenziwa kanjani?

I-laparoscopy ivame ukwenziwa njengenqubo yokwelashwa kweziguli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo nokuhlinzwa kwakho. Kungenziwa esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sokuhlinza abagulayo.

Cishe uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile yalolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzolala ngenqubo futhi ngeke ubuzwe ubuhlungu. Ukufeza i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, umugqa we-intravenous (IV) ufakwa komunye wemithambo yakho. Nge-IV, i-anesthesiologist yakho ingakunika imishanguzo ekhethekile futhi inikeze ne-hydration ngamanzi.

Kwezinye izimo, i-anesthesia yendawo isetshenziswa esikhundleni salokho. I-anesthetic yendawo iyindikindiki indawo, ngakho-ke noma ngabe uzobe uphapheme ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ngeke ubuzwe ubuhlungu.

Ngesikhathi se-laparoscopy, udokotela ohlinzayo usika ngaphansi kwenkinobho yesisu sakho, bese efaka ishubhu elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-cannula. I-cannula isetshenziselwa ukufaka isisu sakho ngegesi yesikhutha. Lo gesi uvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abone izitho zakho zesisu ngokucacile.

Lapho isisu sakho sesigcwele, udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka i-laparoscope ngokusebenzisa imbobo. Ikhamera enamathiselwe kwi-laparoscope ibonisa izithombe esibukweni, ivumela izitho zakho ukuthi zibukwe ngesikhathi sangempela.

Inombolo nobungako bokusikwa kuncike ekutheni yiziphi izifo udokotela ohlinzayo azama ukuziqinisekisa noma ukuzikhipha. Ngokuvamile, uthola okufinyeziwe kokunye kuye kokune okuphakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-1 no-2 ubude. Lokhu kuqhekeka kuvumela ukuthi kufakwe ezinye izinsimbi. Isibonelo, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angadinga ukusebenzisa elinye ithuluzi lokuhlinza ukwenza i-biopsy. Ngesikhathi se-biopsy, bathatha isampula elincane lezicubu esithweni esizohlolwa.

Ngemuva kokuthi inqubo yenziwe, izinsimbi ziyasuswa. Okusikiwe kwakho kuvalwa ngemithungo noma ngetheyiphu yokuhlinzwa. Amabhandeshi angahle abekwe ngaphezulu kwezimbobo.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama kwi-laparoscopy?

Lapho ukuhlinzwa sekuphelile, uzobhekwa amahora amaningi ngaphambi kokuthi uphume esibhedlela. Izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile, njengokuphefumula kwakho nokushaya kwenhliziyo, zizobhekwa ngeso elibukhali. Abasebenzi basesibhedlela bazobheka nanoma ikuphi ukusabela okuphambene ne-anesthesia noma inqubo, kanye nokuqapha ukopha isikhathi eside.

Isikhathi sokukhishwa kwakho sizohluka. Kuya nge:

• isimo sakho somzimba jikelele
• uhlobo lwe-anesthesia olusetshenzisiwe
• ukusabela komzimba wakho ekuhlinzweni

Kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlale esibhedlela ubusuku bonke.

Ilungu lomndeni noma umngani uzodinga ukukuhambisa ekhaya uma uthola i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Imiphumela ye-anesthesia ejwayelekile ivame ukuthatha amahora ambalwa ukuphela, ngakho-ke kungaphepha ukushayela ngemuva kwenqubo.

Ezinsukwini ezilandela i-laparoscopy, ungazizwa ubuhlungu obulinganiselayo kanye nokushaya ngamandla ezindaweni lapho kwenziwa khona ukusikwa. Noma yibuphi ubuhlungu noma ukungahambi kahle kufanele kuthuthuke ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi yokudambisa izinhlungu.

Kujwayelekile futhi ukuba nobuhlungu behlombe ngemuva kwenqubo yakho. Ubuhlungu imvamisa bungumphumela wegesi yesikhutha esetshenziselwa ukufaka isisu sakho ukudala isikhala sokusebenza sezinsimbi zokuhlinza. Igesi ingacasula i-diaphragm yakho, ehlanganyela izinzwa nehlombe lakho. Kungadala nokuqunjelwa okuthile. Ukungakhululeki kufanele kudlule ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Imvamisa ungaqala kabusha yonke imisebenzi ejwayelekile kungakapheli isonto. Uzodinga ukuya kwi-aphoyintimenti yokulandelela nodokotela wakho cishe amasonto amabili ngemuva kwe-laparoscopy.

Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuqinisekisa ukutakula okubushelelezi:

• Qala imisebenzi elula ngokushesha okukhulu, ukuze unciphise ubungozi bamahlule egazi.
• Lala ngokwengeziwe kunokuvamile.
• Sebenzisa ama-lozenges womphimbo ukunciphisa izinhlungu zomphimbo obuhlungu.
• Gqoka izingubo ezikugqokile.

Imiphumela ye-laparoscopy

Uma kuthathwe i-biopsy, i-pathologist izokuhlola. I-pathologist ngudokotela ogxile ekuhlaziyweni kwezicubu. Umbiko onemininingwane ngemiphumela uzothunyelwa kudokotela wakho.

Imiphumela ejwayelekile evela ku-laparoscopy ikhombisa ukungabikho kokopha esiswini, i-hernias, nokuvinjelwa kwamathumbu. Kusho nokuthi zonke izitho zakho ziphilile.

Imiphumela engajwayelekile evela ku-laparoscopy ikhombisa izimo ezithile, kufaka phakathi:

• ukunamathela noma izibazi zokuhlinzwa
• i-hernias
• i-appendicitis, ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu
• i-fibroids, noma ukukhula okungajwayelekile esibelethweni
• ama-cysts noma izimila
• umdlavuza
• cholecystitis, ukuvuvukala kwenyongo
• i-endometriosis, ukuphazamiseka lapho izicubu ezakha ulwelwesi lwesibeletho zikhula ngaphandle kwesibeletho
• ukulimala noma ukuhlukumezeka esithweni esithile
• isifo sokuvuvukala okhalweni, ukutheleleka kwezitho zokuzala

Udokotela wakho uzohlela i-aphoyintimenti nawe ukuze uhlole imiphumela. Uma kutholakale isimo esibucayi sezempilo, udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngezindlela zokwelashwa ezifanele futhi asebenze nawe ukuqhamuka necebo lokubhekana nalesi simo.