I-Anisopoikilocytosis

-Delile

• Kuyini i-anisopoikilocytosis?
• Ziyini izimbangela?
• Izimbangela ze-anisocytosis
• Izimbangela poikilocytosis
• Izimbangela ze-anisopoikilocytosis
• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Ilashwa kanjani?
• Ingabe kukhona izinkinga?
• Uyini umbono?

Kuyini i-anisopoikilocytosis?

I-Anisopoikilocytosis kulapho unamaseli abomvu egazi anobukhulu nobukhulu obuhlukile.

Igama elithi anisopoikilocytosis empeleni lakhiwe ngamagama amabili ahlukene: i-anisocytosis ne-poikilocytosis. I-Anisocytosis isho ukuthi kunamaseli abomvu egazi ahlukahlukene osayizi egazini lakho smear. I-Poikilocytosis isho ukuthi kunamaseli abomvu egazi ahlukahlukene bobunjwa egazini lakho smear.

Imiphumela evela ku-smear yegazi nayo ingathola i-anisopoikilocytosis emnene. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inani lamaseli abomvu abonisa ubukhulu nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene lingcosana.

Ziyini izimbangela?

I-Anisopoikilocytosis isho ukuba nayo yomibili i-anisocytosis ne-poikilocytosis. Ngakho-ke, kuyasiza ukuqala ngokuhlukanisa izimbangela zale mibandela emibili ngawodwana.

Izimbangela ze-anisocytosis

Usayizi weseli obomvu ongajwayelekile obonwa ku-anisocytosis ungadalwa yizimo ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene:

• Ama-Anemias. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-anemia yokushoda kwe-iron, i-hemolytic anemia, i-sickle cell anemia, ne-megaloblastic anemia.
• I-spherocytosis eyifa. Lesi yisimo esizuzwe njengefa esibonakala ngokuba khona kwe-hemolytic anemia.
• Thalassemia. Lesi yisifo segazi esizuzwe njengefa esibonakala ngama-hemoglobin amancane namazinga aphansi amaseli abomvu emzimbeni.
• Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini. Ngokuqondile, ukushoda kwe-folate noma i-vitamin B-12.
• Izifo zenhliziyo. Kungaba kubi noma kungalapheki.

Izimbangela poikilocytosis

Izimbangela zesimo segazi elibomvu esingajwayelekile esibonakala ku-poikilocytosis nazo zingadalwa yizimo ezahlukahlukene. Eziningi zalezi ziyefana nalezi ezingadala i-anisocytosis:

• ama-anemias
• i-spherocytosis eyifa
• ifa elliptocytosis, isifo esizuzwe ngofuzo lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi amile okweqanda noma amise okweqanda
• thalassemia
• ukushoda kwe-folate ne-vitamin B-12
• isifo sesibindi noma i-cirrhosis
• isifo sezinso

Izimbangela ze-anisopoikilocytosis

Kukhona ukugqagqana phakathi kwezimo ezidala i-anisocytosis ne-poikilocytosis. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-anisopoikilocytosis kungenzeka kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• ama-anemias
• i-spherocytosis eyifa
• thalassemia
• ukushoda kwe-folate ne-vitamin B-12

Ziyini izimpawu?

Azikho izimpawu ze-anisopoikilocytosis. Kodwa-ke, ungathola izimpawu ezivela ngaphansi kwesimo esisicindezelayo. Izimpawu zingafaka:

• ubuthakathaka noma ukungabi namandla
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• isiyezi
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile
• ikhanda
• izandla ezibandayo noma izinyawo
• i-jaundice, noma isikhumba esiphaphathekile noma esinombala ophuzi
• izinhlungu esifubeni sakho

Ezinye izimpawu zihlotshaniswa nezimo ezithile ezicashile, njenge:

Thalassemia

• ukuvuvukala kwesisu
• umchamo omnyama

Ukushoda kwe-Folate noma i-B-12

• izilonda zomlomo
• izinkinga zokubona
• umuzwa wezikhonkwane nezinaliti
• izinkinga zengqondo, kufaka phakathi ukudideka, inkumbulo, kanye nezindaba zokwahlulela

I-spherocytosis eyifa noma i-thalassemia

• ubende obukhulisiwe

Kutholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho angaxilonga i-anisopoikilocytosis esebenzisa i-peripheral blood smear. Kulesi sivivinyo, ithonsi elincane legazi lakho lifakwa kwisilayidi seglasi lesibonakhulu bese liphathwa ngamabala. Isimo nobungako bamaseli egazi akhona kusilayidi kungabuye kuhlolisiswe.

I-peripheral blood smear ivame ukwenziwa kanye nokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (CBC). Udokotela wakho usebenzisa i-CBC ukuhlola izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli egazi emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amaseli abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, nama-platelets.

Udokotela wakho angaphinde ahlele ukuhlolwa ukuze ahlole i-hemoglobin yakho, i-iron, i-folate, noma amazinga we-vitamin B-12.

Ezinye zezimo ezibangela i-anisopoikilocytosis zizuzwe njengefa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-thalassemia ne-spherocytosis yefa. Udokotela wakho angakubuza futhi ngomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho.

Ilashwa kanjani?

Ukwelashwa kuzoya ngesimo esidala lokho okubangela i-anisopoikilocytosis.

Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kungabandakanya ukushintsha indlela odla ngayo noma ukuthatha izithako zokudla. Lokhu kubalulekile lapho amazinga aphansi e-iron, folate, noma i-vitamin B-12 edala izimpawu.

Ukwehluleka kwegazi okunzima kakhulu kanye ne-spherocytosis yefa kungadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi. Ukufakelwa komnkantsha wethambo nakho kungenziwa.

Abantu abane-thalassemia badinga ukuphindiselwa ukumpontshelwa igazi ukuze belashwe. Ngokwengeziwe, i-iron chelation iyadingeka kaningi. Kule nqubo, i-iron eyeqile isuswa egazini kulandela ukumpontshelwa igazi. I-Splenectomy (ukususwa kobende) kungadingeka nakubantu abane-thalassemia.

Ingabe kukhona izinkinga?

Kungaba nezinkinga ezivela ngaphansi kwesimo esidala i-anisopoikilocytosis. Izinkinga zingafaka:

• izinkinga zokukhulelwa, kufaka phakathi ukulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa
• izinkinga zenhliziyo ngenxa yokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile
• izingqinamba zesistimu yezinzwa
• ukutheleleka okunzima kubantu abane-thalassemia ngenxa yokumpontshelwa igazi okuphindaphindiwe noma ukukhishwa kobende

Uyini umbono?

Umbono wakho uncike ekwelashweni okutholayo ngesimo esingaphansi esidala i-anisopoikilocytosis.

Okunye ukushoda kwama-anemias kanye namavithamini kuyelapheka kalula. Imibandela efana ne-sickle cell anemia, i-spherocytosis eyifa, ne-thalassemia izuzwe njengefa. Zizodinga ukwelashwa nokuqashwa kukho konke ukuphila kwakho. Khuluma nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngezindlela zokwelashwa ezikulungele kakhulu.