Takayasu's arteritis: kuyini, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu
• Izinkinga zesifo
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Takayasu's arteritis yisifo lapho ukuvuvukala kwenzeka emithanjeni yegazi, kudale umonakalo ku-aorta nasemagatsheni ayo, okungumthambo ohambisa igazi lisuke enhliziyweni lize liye kuwo wonke umzimba.

Lesi sifo singaholela ekunciphiseni okungavamile kwemithambo yegazi noma ama-aneurysms, lapho imithambo yegazi ikhuliswa ngokungajwayelekile, okungaholela ezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu engalweni noma esifubeni, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukukhathala, ukwehla kwesisindo, noma kuze kuholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukuphatha imishanguzo yokulawula ukuvuvukala kwemithambo nokuvimbela izinkinga futhi, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukuhlinzeka kungadingeka.

Ziyini izimpawu

Imvamisa, lesi sifo asymptomatic futhi izimpawu azibonakali kangako, ikakhulukazi esigabeni esisebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba isifo siqhubeka nokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, izimpawu zivame ukubonakala, njengokukhathala, ukuncipha, ubuhlungu obujwayelekile kanye nomkhuhlane.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ezinye izimpawu zingavela, njengokuncipha kwemithambo yegazi, okudala ukuthi umoya-mpilo omncane nezakhamzimba kuthuthelwe ezithweni, kubangele izimpawu ezinjengobuthakathaka nobuhlungu emalungwini, isiyezi, ukuzwa ukuquleka, ikhanda elibuhlungu, inkinga yememori ubunzima ekucabangeni, ekuphefumuleni, ukushintsha kokubona, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukulinganiswa kwamagugu ehlukene ekucindezelekeni kwegazi phakathi kwezitho ezihlukile, ukwehla kwenhliziyo, i-anemia nobuhlungu besifuba

Izinkinga zesifo

I-Takayasu's arteritis ingaholela ekwakhiweni kwezinkinga eziningana, njengokuqina nokuncipha kwemithambo yegazi, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, i-aneurysm kanye nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Akwaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi umsuka walesi sifo uvelaphi, kodwa kucatshangwa ukuthi yisifo sokuzivikela komzimba, lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela imithambo ngephutha nokuthi lokhu kuzwela komzimba kungadalwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane futhi sivela kaningi emantombazaneni nakwabesifazane abaneminyaka eyi-10 kuya kwengama-40.

Lesi sifo sivela ngezigaba ezimbili. Isigaba sokuqala sibonakala ngenqubo yokuvuvukala yemithambo yegazi, ebizwa nge-vasculitis, ethinta izingqimba ezintathu zodonga lwemithambo, oluvame ukuhlala izinyanga. Ngemuva kwesigaba esisebenzayo, kuqala isigaba esingapheli, noma isigaba esingasebenzi sesifo, esibonakala ngokwanda kanye ne-fibrosis yalo lonke udonga lwemithambo.

Lapho lesi sifo siqhubekela phambili ngokushesha, nokuyinto engajwayelekile, i-fibrosis ingakhiwa ngendlela engafanele, ibangele ukuncipha nokwenza buthakathaka udonga lwemithambo, okwenza kube nokwakheka kwama-aneurysms.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kuhlose ukulawula ukusebenza kwesifo nokuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi, ukuze kugwenywe imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside. Esigabeni sokuvuvukala kwalesi sifo, udokotela angahle anikeze i-corticosteroids yomlomo, njenge-prednisone, ngokwesibonelo, engasiza ekwelapheni izimpawu ezijwayelekile futhi ivimbele ukuqhubeka kwesifo.

Lapho isiguli singaphenduli kahle kuma-corticosteroids noma sibuyela emuva, udokotela angahlanganisa i-cyclophosphamide, azathioprine noma i-methotrexate, ngokwesibonelo.

Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokwelapha esetshenzisiwe encane yalesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni zokuqina komfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cerebral ischemia noma i-ischemia enamandla yezitho, ama-aortic aneurysms namagatsha awo, ukubuyiswa kwe-aortic nokuvinjelwa kwemithambo yenhliziyo, udokotela angakweluleka ukuthi ahlinzwe.