Izinkinga ze-Asthma

-Delile

• Lapho ufuna ukwelashwa
• Izinkinga ezingadala ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokuphila
• Lala
• Umsebenzi womzimba
• Izinkinga kubantu abadala vs. izingane
• Izinkinga zezokwelapha
• Imiphumela emibi yemithi
• Ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-Airway
• Ukulaliswa esibhedlela
• Ukuhlasela kwesifuba somoya nokuhluleka ukuphefumula
• Ezinye izinto
• Kungani lezi zinkinga zenzeka?
• Okufanele ukwenze uma une-asthma

Siyini isifuba somoya?

I-asthma yisimo sokuphefumula esingapheli esidala ukuvuvukala nokuncipha kwemigwaqo yomoya. Kungadala izimpawu ezinjengalezi:

• ukuphefumula, umsindo ofana nokushaya ikhwela ngenkathi uphefumula
• ukuphefumula kanzima
• ukuzwa okuqinile esifubeni sakho
• ukukhwehlela

Ubukhali bezimpawu buyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuhefuzela nokukhwehlela kungadala ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya, lapho izimpawu ziba zimbi khona okwesikhashana. Alikho ikhambi le-asthma, kepha ukwelashwa kungasiza. Kubalulekile ukwelapha lesi sifo kusenesikhathi ukuvimbela izinkinga zempilo ukuthi zingakhuli.

Lezi zinkinga zingaba zesikhashana, njengokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya, noma isikhathi eside, njengokukhuluphala noma ukudangala. Funda ukuze ufunde ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ongazigwema ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokunakekelwa kokuvimbela.

Lapho ufuna ukwelashwa

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi uzobonana nini nodokotela, uma une-asthma. I-asthma inhaler ivame ukuthuthukisa izimpawu zakho. Kodwa funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma izimpawu zakho ze-asthma zingathuthuki ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-inhaler.

Funa ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo uma une:

• ukuphefumula kanzima ngokweqile
• ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba
• kunzima ukuhamba noma ukukhuluma
• umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikhunjeni

Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela noma ngabe unezimpawu zesifuba somoya ngokuzikhandla okuncane noma cha. I-asthma ingaba yimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma imvamisa yezimpawu zakho inyuka futhi kufanele usebenzise i-inhaler kaningi. Udokotela wakho angadinga ukulungisa ukwelashwa kwakho.

Izinkinga ezingadala ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokuphila

Lala

Abanye abantu abane-asthma bahlangabezana nezimpawu zabo eziningi ebusuku. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungaholela ekunciphiseni ubuthongo obukhulu. Ukuntuleka kokulala isikhathi eside kuphazamisa ikhono lokusebenza kahle emsebenzini nasesikoleni. Kungaba yingozi ikakhulukazi uma udinga ukushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini.

Umsebenzi womzimba

Isifuba somoya (i-asthma) singavimba abanye abantu ekubeni babambe iqhaza ekuzivocavoca noma kwezemidlalo. Ukuntuleka kokuvivinya umzimba kwandisa ubungozi bakho:

• isifo sikashukela
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• ukuzuza kwesisindo
• ukudana

Izinkinga kubantu abadala vs. izingane

Abantu abadala nezingane baba nezimpawu nezimpawu ezifanayo zesifuba somoya. Kepha izinkinga eziba khona zingaba nomthelela ohlukile ngokususelwe eminyakeni.

Izinkinga zezokwelapha

Isifuba somoya yisimo sesikhathi eside futhi esisongela impilo esidinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo. Uma kushiywe kungalashwa, kunengozi enkulu yemiphumela yesikhathi eside kanye nezinkinga ezinzima. Le miphumela yesikhathi eside ifaka:

Imiphumela emibi yemithi

Imithi ethile ye-asthma ingadala:

• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• ukushaqeka
• ukucasuka komphimbo (i-corticosteroids ephefumulelwe)
• ukutheleleka ngemvubelo yomlomo (i-corticosteroids ephefumulelwe)
• ukuqwasha (theophylline)
• i-reflux ye-gastroesophageal (theophylline)

Ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-Airway

Kwabanye abantu, isifuba somoya sibangela ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwendlela yomoya. Lokhu kungaholela ekuguqulweni okungapheli kwesakhiwo ezindleleni zomoya, noma ekulungisweni komoya kabusha. Ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-Airway kufaka zonke izinguquko kumaseli nezakhi zomzimba ngendlela ye-asthmatic. Izinguquko ku-airway zingaholela ku:

• ukulahleka komsebenzi wamaphaphu
• ukukhwehlela okungapheli
• udonga lwasemoyeni luyaqina
• ukwanda kwezindlala zamafinyila nokukhiqizwa kwamafinyila
• ukwanda kokuhlinzekwa kwegazi ezindleleni zomoya

Ukulaliswa esibhedlela

Kubikwe ngo-2011 ukuthi isifuba somoya sibanga amaphesenti angu-1.3 kuwo wonke ama-U.S. Ngenhlanhla, cishe wonke umuntu owathola ukwelashwa uyalulama ngisho nasekuhlaselweni okunzima kakhulu.

Esibhedlela, unganikezwa umoya-mpilo ngesifihla-buso sobuso noma ngethambo lamakhala. Ungadinga futhi umuthi osebenza ngokushesha noma umthamo we-steroids. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, udokotela angafaka ishubhu lokuphefumula ku-airway yakho ukuze ugcine ukuhamba komoya emaphashini akho. Uzobhekwa amahora ambalwa uze uzinze.

Ukuhlasela kwesifuba somoya nokuhluleka ukuphefumula

Abantu abane-asthma enamandla nabo banengozi eyengeziwe yokwehluleka ukuphefumula. Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula kwenzeka lapho umoya-mpilo owenele usuka emaphashini wakho uye egazini lakho. I-asthma esongela impilo ayivamile, kepha ivame ukudala izimpawu eziqhubeka zimbi kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Buza udokotela wakho kabanzi mayelana nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa nokuthi ungasiphatha kanjani isimo sakho, uma ukholwa ukuthi ungaba nesifuba somoya esisongela impilo yakho.

Uma ukwehluleka ukuphefumula kungalashwa ngokushesha, kungaholela ekufeni. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu baseMelika abayisishiyagalolunye babulawa yisifuba somoya nsuku zonke. Kunokufa okungaphezulu kwezi-4,000 okuhlobene nesifuba somoya ngonyaka eMelika. Kepha okuningi kwalokhu kufa kungavikeleka ngezimpawu ezifanele nokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo.

Ezinye izinto

I-pneumonia: Isifuba somoya sithinta izindlela zomoya nokuphefumula. Lokhu kungathinta ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ululame enyumoniya. Lokhu ukutheleleka kubangela ukuvuvukala emaphashini. Izimpawu zifaka ukuphefumula kanzima, umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu besifuba, nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo. Kodwa isifuba somoya asiyikhuphuli ingozi yokuba nenyumoniya.

Kungani lezi zinkinga zenzeka?

Izinkinga ze-asthma zenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Izimbangela ezivamile zokuqhuma zihlanganisa ukuvezwa kaningi noma okusindayo kokucasulayo noma kwama-allergener, njenge:

• impova
• izibungu zothuli
• dander isilwane
• intuthu kagwayi
• abahlanza izindlu

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abantu bathambekele ekuqhumeni ngemuva kokubamba iqhaza ekuzivocavoca umzimba. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi yisifuba somoya esivivinya umzimba.

Izici ezingokomzwelo nezokwelapha nazo zingadala izinkinga zesifuba somoya. Ukucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka kungabhebhethekisa izimpawu zesifuba somoya. I-reflux ebandayo noma ene-asidi nayo ingenza okufanayo. Abanye abantu futhi baba nezimpawu zesifuba somoya ngemuva kokuthatha imishanguzo ethile, njenge-aspirin noma ibuprofen.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungazibona kanjani izimbangela zakho. Ukubazi kungakusiza ukuphatha i-asthma yakho. Gcina irekhodi lokuhlaselwa ngakunye noma ukuvuleka ukuze ukhombe imbangela eyimbangela.

Okufanele ukwenze uma une-asthma

I-asthma ingaba yisimo esibi, kepha ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kungenzeka ukuba uphile impilo enempilo, esebenzayo. Ukwelashwa kungakusiza ulawule futhi uphathe izimpawu zakho. Yize ungeke ukwazi ukuvimbela i-asthma, ungakwazi ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya.

Njengoba ukuvivinya umzimba kungaqinisa amaphaphu akho, buza udokotela wakho ngezinketho eziphephile, futhi kancane kancane wandise ukuqina kokuzivocavoca kwakho. Unganqikazi ukufuna ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-inhaler yakho.