I-Basil: Ukudla okunomsoco, Izinzuzo Zezempilo, Ukusetshenziswa nokuningi

-Delile

• Izinhlobo Ezivamile
• Amakhemikhali Nezakhi Zezitshalo
• Izinzuzo Zezempilo
• Izinzuzo Ezingaba khona zeBasil Emnandi
• Izinzuzo Ezingaba khona zeBasil eNgcwele
• Ukuthenga, Ukukhula Nokugcina
• Ukusetshenziswa Culinary
• Ukuphepha Nemiphumela engemihle
• Okusemqoka

I-Basil ngumuthi onambithekayo, onamaqabunga aluhlaza ovela e-Asia nase-Afrika.

Kuyilungu lomndeni we-mint, futhi izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene zikhona.

Idume njengesinongo sokudla, le mifino enamakha iyasetshenziswa netiye nakwizithasiselo ezinganikeza izinzuzo eziningi zezempilo.

Le ndatshana ichaza konke odinga ukukwazi nge-basil, izinzuzo nokusetshenziswa kwayo.

Izinhlobo Ezivamile

Igama lesayensi le-basil evame ukuthengwa ukupheka ngu I-Ocimum basilicum (sifushanisiwe O. ibasilicum).

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene ze O. ibasilicum, kufaka phakathi ():

• I-basil emnandi: I-basil etshalwe kabanzi kunazo zonke, edume ngokusetshenziswa kwayo ezitsheni zase-Italy. Imvamisa ithengiswa yomisiwe ezitolo ezinkulu. Inokunambitheka kwe-licorice-clove.
• Bush noma i-Greek basil: Inephunga elinamandla kepha linambitheka kancane, ngakho-ke ingafakwa esikhundleni se-basil emnandi. Wakha isihlahla esihlangene esinamaqabunga amancane futhi sikhula kahle ebhodweni.
• Isisekelo saseThai: Inokunambitheka kwe-anise-licorice futhi ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa izitsha zaseThai naseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia.
• Isinamoni basil: Abomdabu baseMexico. Inokunambitheka nephunga elifana nesinamoni. Imvamisa kuphakelwa ngemidumba noma imifino ethosiwe ebabayo.
• I-lettuce basil: Ifaka amaqabunga amakhulu, ashwabene, athambile ane-flavour efana ne-licorice. Isebenza kahle kumasaladi noma iphonswe ngotamatisi namafutha omnqumo.

I-basil evame ukusetshenziswa kuma-supplements netiye yamakhambi yi-basil engcwele - kwesinye isikhathi ebizwa nge-tulsi - eyi O. tenuiflorum izinhlobo, ezaziwa nangokuthi O. indawo engcwele. Kungezwe kwezinye izitsha zaseThai ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo okuhlukile ().

I-sweet basil isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukupheka, kepha ezinye izinhlobo eziningi - ezinamaphrofayili we-flavour ahlukile - ayatholakala. Uhlobo oluyinhloko lwe-basil lwezithasiselo kanye netiye yamakhambi yi-basil engcwele, okuyinhlobo ehlobene kepha ehlukile.

Amakhemikhali Nezakhi Zezitshalo

Njengoba izindlela zokupheka zifuna inani elincane le-basil, leli khambi linikela ngamavithamini namaminerali ambalwa ekudleni okujwayelekile.

Nakhu okuqukethwe kwezakhi okuphawuleka kakhulu kusipuni esingu-1 (cishe amagremu ama-2) we-basil elimnandi (2, 3):

Yize i-basil eyomile igxile kakhulu kuzakhamzimba, usebenzisa okuncane ekuphekeni uma kuqhathaniswa nokusha. Ngakho-ke, awukho umthombo obalulekile wezakhi eziningi zomzimba - ngaphandle kukavithamini K.

I-Basil iphinde inikeze izinhlanganisela zezitshalo ezizuzisayo ezine-antioxidant, anti-inflammatory nezinye izakhiwo zezempilo (,).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlanganisela zinika i-basil "ingqikithi" yayo - noma iphunga elihlukile nokunambitheka. Yingakho amafutha atholakala kubasil nezinye izitshalo abizwa ngamafutha abalulekile ().

Ngenxa yokuthi i-basil ijwayele ukusetshenziswa ngamanani amancane, okuwukuphela komsoco omkhulu ewunikezayo ngu-vitamin K. Basil futhi unikezela ngamakhemikhali ezitshalo, anikela ngephunga, ukunambitheka kanye nezinzuzo zezempilo.

Izinzuzo Zezempilo

I-Basil akuyona nje ikhambi elithandwayo lesintu lezifo ezinjengokucanuzelelwa inhliziyo nokulunywa yizimbungulu kodwa futhi lisetshenziswa kabanzi emithini yendabuko yamaShayina, emithini ye-Ayurvedic nakwezinye izinhlelo zemithi ephelele (,,).

Namuhla, ososayensi bafunda izinzuzo ezingaba khona zokwelapha ze-basil. Izicucu noma uwoyela obalulekile we-basil, ohlinzeka ngamanani agxile ezinhlanganisweni zezitshalo, uvame ukuhlolwa esikhundleni samaqabunga aphelele ().

Ishubhu lokuhlola noma izifundo zezilwane zivame ukwenziwa ukuthola ukuthi ngabe izinto zingakufanelekela yini ukuthuthuka zibe yimithi nokuhlolwa kubantu.

Izinzuzo Ezingaba khona zeBasil Emnandi

Ngezansi kunesifinyezo sezinzuzo ezingaba khona zokukhishwa kwe-basil enoshukela, ngokuyinhloko okususelwa kwizifundo zegundane kanye ne-test-tube. Ukuthi imiphumela efanayo izokwenzeka kubantu akuqinisekile.

Izifundo zokuqala ziphakamisa ukuthi i-sweet basil inga:

• Nciphisa ukulahleka kwememori okuhambisana nokucindezeleka nokuguga (,).
• Nciphisa ukucindezeleka okuhlobene nokucindezeleka okungapheli (,).
• Nciphisa ukulimala kohlangothi nokusekelwa kokusekelwa, noma ngabe kunikezwe ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokushaywa unhlangothi (,).
• Thuthukisa ukuzila ushukela wegazi, i-cholesterol kanye ne-triglycerides (,,).
• Yehlisa umfutho wegazi kubantu abane-hypertension ().
• Khulula imithambo yegazi futhi unciphise igazi lakho, elifana ne-aspirin (,).
• Vikela ukulimala kwe-aspirin emathunjini akho, ikakhulukazi ukuvimbela izilonda ().
• Vikela ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, kufaka phakathi isifuba, ikholoni kanye namanyikwe (,,).
• Khulisa ukuqapha kwengqondo lapho uhogela njenge-aromatherapy (,).
• Vimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane abangela ukubola kwamazinyo ().
• Thuthukisa ukuphepha kokudla, njengokuhlanganiswa kokufakwa kokudla ngabakhiqizi (,,,).
• Hlinzeka ngenye indlela yama-antibiotic yezifo ezithathelwanayo, kufaka phakathi ukulwa nezinhlobo zama-bacterium ezingamelana namagciwane (,).
• Xosha izinambuzane, ezinjengomiyane nemikhaza (,).

Izifundo zegundane ngokuvamile zinika u-100-400 mg wesisekelo se-basil kg ngayinye (220-880 mg ngephawundi) yesisindo somzimba. Imithamo yomuntu efanele ayaziwa (,,).

Izinzuzo Ezingaba khona zeBasil eNgcwele

I-basil engcwele inomlando omude wokusetshenziswa kwezifo eziningi, kufaka phakathi eziningi zalezo ezibalwe ngenhla. Yize zimbalwa izifundo zabantu ezitholakalayo, imiphumela yabo iyakhuthaza ().

Ngenkathi abantu abangama-60 abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 bethatha ama-250 mg we-basil engcwele ekhishwa eceleni kwesidakamizwa sikashukela usuku ngalunye ngaphambi kokudla kwasekuseni nasekuseni izinyanga ezintathu, baba nokwehla okungu-18% ngokwesilinganiso soshukela wegazi uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abathatha umuthi kuphela (34).

Ngokwengeziwe, ocwaningweni olwenziwe kubantu abayi-158 abanezimpawu okungenani ezintathu zokuxineka, ukuthatha i-1,200 mg ye-basil engcwele ekhishwa nsuku zonke amasonto ayisithupha kwakungu-39% ngempumelelo enkulu ekuthuthukiseni izimpawu zokucindezeleka jikelele kune-placebo ().

Izifundo ezingaphezulu zabantu ziyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nomthamo.

Kokubili i-basil emnandi nengcwele inomlando omude wokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha. Izifundo ezimbalwa kubantu ziphakamisa izinzuzo zoshukela wegazi kanye nengcindezi, yize ucwaningo oluningi luyadingeka.

Ukuthenga, Ukukhula Nokugcina

Yize i-basil entsha inika ukunambitheka okuqinile, i-basil eyomile ayibizi kakhulu futhi ilula kakhulu. Ungathenga futhi i-basil efriziwe kuma-cubes ahlukaniswe iresiphi esigabeni sefriji ezitolo.

I-sweet basil isakazeke kakhulu, kepha ungathola ezinye izinhlobo ezimakethe zabalimi noma ezimakethe zezinhlanga, njengezitolo zokudla zase-Asia. Ngenye indlela, zama ukukhulisa okwakho.

Ungakhulisa i-basil noma yikuphi ngamazinga okushisa ebusuku ngaphezu kwe-60 ℉ (15.5 ℃) okungenani izinyanga ezimbili. I-Basil iyazwela emakhazeni futhi ithanda ukuvezwa yilanga usuku lonke.

Ungalima i-basil kusuka enzalweni etshalwe enhlabathi noma isiqu esisikwe kwesinye isitshalo osifaka emanzini kuze kube yilapho izimpande ziqala ukukhula. I-Basil izochuma engadini noma embizeni yepatio edonsa kahle.

Vuna amaqabunga e-basil njengoba uwadinga, kodwa ungamane uwakhiphe ezitshalweni zakho. Ukuze ukhuthaze ukukhula okufanele, sika isiqu ngezansi ukuze kushiye amaqabunga amabili kuya kwamane kuphela kulesi sitshalo.

Faka iziqu ze-basil entsha embizeni enamanzi ompompi ukugcina amaqabunga emasha izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kuyangabazeka ukuthi kufanele ulifake efrijini ibasil entsha, njengoba amazinga okushisa abandayo angahlukanisa umbala amaqabunga.

Uma une-basil eningi entsha, ungomisa amaqabunga bese uwagcina embizeni enesivalo esilingana kahle. Gwema ukuqumba amaqabunga uze uwadinge, ngoba lokhu kusiza ekugcineni amafutha abo abalulekile, iphunga nokunambitheka kwawo.

Ungathenga i-basil entsha, eyomile noma efriziwe - yize i-basil entsha inokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. Zama ukuzikhulisela wena uma okungenani unezinyanga ezimbalwa ezinamazinga okushisa afudumele ebusuku. Ukuyigcina izinsuku ezimbalwa, faka iziqu embizeni enamanzi.

Ukusetshenziswa Culinary

I-Basil inikela izitsha zikatamatisi, amasaladi, i-zucchini, isitshalo seqanda, isinongo senyama, ukugxusha, amasobho, amasoso nokuningi.

I-Pesto - usoso o-creamy, nohlaza okotshani - ingenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ze-basil. Ngokujwayelekile yenziwa nge-basil echotshoziwe, ugarlic, ushizi weparmesan, uwoyela womnqumo namantongomane ephayini, yize kukhona nezinketho ezingenalo ubisi. Zama njengokucwilisa noma isangweji.

IBasil igcwalisa amanye amakhambi nezinongo ezifana negalikhi, i-marjoram, isinaphi, i-oregano, i-paprika, iparsley, upelepele, irosemary kanye nesage.

Uma une-basil entsha, thatha amaqabunga kuphela - hhayi isiqu. Ngokuvamile kungcono ukufaka i-basil entsha esiteji sokugcina sokupheka ngoba ukushisa kunganciphisa ukunambitheka nombala oluhlaza ogqamile (36).

Uma iresiphi ifuna i-basil entsha kodwa umile kuphela, sebenzisa i-1/3 yesilinganiso nje, njengoba omisiwe ugxile kakhulu.

Uma upheka ngaphandle kweresiphi, sebenzisa amanani alandelayo ngophawundi owodwa (450 amagremu) wokudla njengesiqondisi esijwayelekile (2, 3):

I-Basil iphilisa izitsha eziningi, kufaka phakathi i-pastas, amasaladi nososo. Uma usebenzisa i-basil entsha, yengeze ngasekupheleni kokupheka ngoba ukushisa kunciphisa ukunambitheka nombala wayo. Sebenzisa cishe i-1/3 yenani le-basil elomisiwe uma kuqhathaniswa ne-fresh.

Ukuphepha Nemiphumela engemihle

I-Basil ivame ukuphepha uma idliwa ngamanani amancane, kepha izinyathelo ezimbalwa zokuqapha ziyafuneka.

Amaqabunga e-Basil aphezulu ku-vitamin K, asiza ukujiya kwegazi. Ukudla okuphezulu kungaphazamisa izidakamizwa zokuncipha kwegazi, njenge-warfarin (37).

Uma uthatha i-thinner yegazi, zihlose ukusebenzisa inani elingaguquguquki levithamini K nsuku zonke ukuze udokotela wakho akwazi ukulawula imithi yakho. Ukudla ukudla okwenziwe nge-basil eningi - njenge-pesto - kungenza lokhu kube nzima (37, 38,).

Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukukhishwa kwe-basil - njengalezo ezitholakala kuma-supplements - kunganciphisa igazi lakho, okuholele ezinkingeni uma unenkinga yokopha noma ukuhlinzwa okuzayo (,).

Ngokwengeziwe, abantu abathatha izidakamizwa zehlisa umfutho wegazi noma izidakamizwa zesifo sikashukela kufanele basebenzise izixazululo nge-basil supplements ngoba bangehlisa umfutho wegazi noshukela wegazi. Udokotela wakho angadinga ukwehlisa umthamo wakho wezidakamizwa (, 34).

Gwema i-basil engcwele uma ukhulelwe noma uzama ukukhulelwa. Izifundo zezilwane ziphakamisa ukuthi izengezo ezingcwele ze-basil zingathinta kabi isidoda futhi zivuse ukuphambana kokukhulelwa. Izingozi ngesikhathi sokuncelisa azaziwa (,).

Yize ukungezwani komzimba ne-basil kungavamile, amacala ambalwa abonwe kubantu abasabele ku-pesto ().

Ngokuvamile iBasil iphephile lapho ifakwa kancane, kepha izimo ezithile zempilo nezidakamizwa kudinga ukuqapha. Izithako ezingcwele ze-basil kufanele zigwenywe imibhangqwana efuna ukukhulelwa.

Okusemqoka

I-Basil iza ngezinhlobo eziningi. Yize leli khambi lingahle linganikeli izakhamzimba ezibalulekile ekudleni kwakho, lingakunonga ukudla kwakho.

Yize i-basil engcwele ivame ukufakwa kuma-herbal teas kanye nama-supplements, ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi i-basil emnandi ingahlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezifanayo zezempilo, njengokuncipha kwengcindezi nokulawulwa kukashukela egazini.

Khumbula ukuthi kudingeka izifundo eziningi kubantu kuzo zombili izinhlobo ze-basil.

Zama ukukhulisa i-basil uwedwa bese uyifaka kumasoso, amasaladi namasobho - ama-buds wakho wokunambitha azokubonga.