Izinzuzo Zokunikela Ngegazi

-Delile

• Izinzuzo
• Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo kwamahhala
• Ngabe ukunikela ngegazi kwehlisa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo?
• Imiphumela emibi yokunikela ngegazi
• Ngesikhathi somnikelo
• Yini okufanele ukwazi ngaphambi kokunikela

Ukubuka konke

Azikho izinzuzo zokunikela ngegazi kulabo abalidingayo. Ngokwe-American Red Cross, umnikelo owodwa ungasindisa izimpilo ezifinyelela kwezintathu, futhi othile e-United States udinga igazi njalo ngemizuzwana emibili.

Kuvela ukuthi ukunikela ngegazi akuhlomulisi abamukeli kuphela. Kukhona izinzuzo zezempilo zabaxhasi, futhi, ngaphezulu kwezinzuzo ezilethwa ukusiza abanye. Funda kabanzi ukuze ufunde ngezinzuzo zezempilo ngokunikela ngegazi nezizathu zalo.

Izinzuzo

Ukunikela ngegazi kunezinzuzo empilweni yakho engokomzwelo nangokomzimba. Ngokombiko weMental Health Foundation, ukusiza abanye banga:

• ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka
• thuthukisa inhlalakahle yakho engokomzwelo
• kuzuze impilo yakho engokomzimba
• siza ukususa imizwa engemihle
• unikeze umuzwa wokuba ngowakhe futhi unciphise ukuzihlukanisa

Ucwaningo luthole obunye ubufakazi bezinzuzo zezempilo eziza ngokukhethekile ngokunikela ngegazi.

Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo kwamahhala

Ukuze unikele ngegazi, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe impilo. Isisebenzi esiqeqeshiwe senza lokhu kuhlola. Bazohlola okwakho:

• ishayela
• ukushaya kwegazi
• izinga lokushisa komzimba
• amazinga e-hemoglobin

Le mini-ephathekayo yamahhala inganikeza ukuqonda okuhle kakhulu empilweni yakho. Ingazitholela ngempumelelo izinkinga ezingakhombisa isimo sezempilo esiyisisekelo noma izinto ezinobungozi zezifo ezithile.

Igazi lakho nalo lihlolelwa izifo eziningana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• i-hepatitis B
• i-hepatitis C
• I-HIV
• Igciwane le-West Nile
• ugcunsula
• I-Trypanosoma cruzi

Ngabe ukunikela ngegazi kwehlisa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo?

Ucwaningo luxubene nokuthi ukunikela ngegazi kwehlisa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

iphakamisa ukuthi ukunikelwa kwegazi njalo kuhlotshaniswa nobungozi obukhulayo besifo senhliziyo mhlawumbe ngenxa yamazinga we-cholesterol angathandeki

Kodwa-ke, ukunikela ngegazi njalo kungehlisa izitolo zensimbi, ngokusho kwe-. Lokhu kunganciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Izitolo zensimbi zomzimba eziphezulu kukholakala ukuthi zandisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Iminikelo yegazi ejwayelekile ibikhona, kepha iphakamisa ukuthi lokhu okubonwayo kuyakhohlisa futhi akuyona impendulo yangempela yomzimba.

Imiphumela emibi yokunikela ngegazi

Ukunikela ngegazi kuphephile kubantu abadala abaphilile. Ayikho ingozi yokungenwa yizifo. Kusetshenziswa imishini emisha, eyinyumba kumnikeli ngamunye.

Abanye abantu bangazizwa becanuzelelwa inhliziyo, benamakhanda amancane, noma benesiyezi ngemuva kokunikela ngegazi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kufanele kudlule imizuzu embalwa kuphela. Ungalala phansi ngezinyawo phezulu kuze kube yilapho uzizwa ungcono.

Ungase futhi uzwe ukopha endaweni yenaliti. Ukufaka ingcindezi nokuphakamisa ingalo yakho okwemizuzu embalwa kuzokumisa lokhu. Ungaqala ukulimala esizeni.

Shayela isikhungo sokunikela ngegazi uma:

• Usazizwa unekhanda elincane, unesiyezi, noma unesicanucanu ngemuva kokuphuza, ukudla nokuphumula.
• Uba neqhubu eliphakanyisiwe noma uqhubeke nokopha endaweni yenaliti.
• Unobuhlungu bengalo, ukuba ndikindiki, noma ukuhayiza.

Ngesikhathi somnikelo

Kufanele ubhalise ukunikela ngegazi. Lokhu kufaka ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlonza, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, nokuhlolwa okusheshayo ngokomzimba. Uzonikezwa futhi imininingwane ethile mayelana nokunikela ngegazi ukuze ufunde.

Uma usulungile, inqubo yakho yokunikela ngegazi izoqala. Ukunikelwa okuphelele kwegazi uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomnikelo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inikeza ukuguquguquka okuningana. Ingatofelwa njengegazi eliphelele noma ihlukaniswe ngamaseli abomvu, ama-platelets, ne-plasma yabamukeli abahlukahlukene.

Ngenqubo ephelele yokunikela ngegazi:

1. Uzohlala esihlalweni esihleli. Unganikela ngegazi uhleli noma ulele phansi.
2. Indawo encane yengalo yakho izohlanzwa. Kuzobe sekufakwa inaliti eyinyumba.
3. Uzohlala uhlezi noma ulele phansi lapho kudonswa ipayinti legazi lakho. Lokhu kuthatha imizuzu engu-8 kuye kwengu-10.
4. Lapho kuqoqwe upende wegazi, umsebenzi uzosusa inaliti abophe ingalo yakho.

Ezinye izinhlobo zeminikelo zifaka:

• umnikelo weplatelet (iplateletpheresis)
• Umnikelo we-plasma (plasmapheresis)
• umnikelo weseli elibomvu ophindwe kabili

Lezi zinhlobo zeminikelo zenziwa kusetshenziswa inqubo ebizwa nge- apheresis. Umshini we-apheresis uxhunywe ezingalweni zakho zombili. Iqoqa inani elincane legazi futhi lihlukanise izingxenye zalo ngaphambi kokubuyisela izingxenye zalo ezingasetshenzisiwe. Lo mjikelezo uyaphindwa kaningana ngaphezu kwamahora amabili.

Uma umnikelo wakho usuqediwe, uzonikezwa isinongo nesiphuzo futhi ukwazi ukuhlala uphumule imizuzu eyi-10 noma eyi-15 ngaphambi kokuba uhambe. Uma uzizwa uphela amandla noma ucanuzelelwa inhliziyo, uzokwazi ukulala phansi uze uzizwe ungcono.

Yini okufanele ukwazi ngaphambi kokunikela

Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzazi ngaphambi kokunikela:

• Udinga ukuba neminyaka engu-17 noma ngaphezulu ukuze unikele ngegazi eliphelele. Ezinye izifundazwe zikuvumela ukuthi unikele ku-16 ngemvume yabazali.
• Kufanele ube nesisindo okungenani samakhilogremu ayi-110 futhi ube nempilo enhle ukunikela.
• Udinga ukunikeza ulwazi mayelana nezimo zezokwelapha nanoma imiphi imithi oyiphuzayo. Lokhu kungathinta ukufaneleka kwakho ukunikela ngegazi.
• Kufanele ulinde okungenani amasonto ayisishiyagalombili phakathi kokunikelwa okuphelele kwegazi namasonto ayi-16 phakathi kweminikelo ephindwe kabili yamaseli abomvu.
• Iminikelo yeplatelet ingenziwa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7, kuze kufike ezikhathini ezingama-24 ngonyaka.

Lokhu okulandelayo kusikisela ukukusiza ulungiselele ukunikela ngegazi:

• Phuza ama-ounces angu-16 wamanzi ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakho.
• Yidla isidlo esinempilo esinamafutha amancane.
• Gqoka ihembe elinemikhono emifushane noma ihembe elinemikhono okulula ukugoqeka.

Yazisa abasebenzi ukuthi unengalo noma umthambo owuthandayo nokuthi ukhetha ukuhlala phansi noma ukulala phansi. Ukulalela umculo, ukufunda, noma ukukhuluma nomunye umuntu kungakusiza uphumule ngenkathi kunikelwa.