Ama-Berry Aneurysms: Yazi Izimpawu

-Delile

• Nginayo i-aneurysm yamajikijolo?
• Yini ebangela ama-aneurysms amajikijolo?
• Izici zobungozi bokuzalwa
• Izici zobungozi bezokwelapha
• Izici zobungozi bokuphila
• Ngazi kanjani ukuthi ngine-aneurysm yamajikijolo?
• Aphathwa kanjani ama-aneurysms amajikijolo?
• Ukunqunywa kokuhlinzwa
• Ukugoqwa kwe-Endovascular
• I-Flow diverters
• Ukuphathwa kwezimpawu
• Ungakuvimbela kanjani ama-aneurysms amajikijolo
• Ingabe ama-aneurysms amajikijolo abulala njalo?

Yini i-aneurysm yamajikijolo

I-aneurysm ukukhuliswa komthambo obangelwa ubuthakathaka odongeni lomthambo. I-aneurysm yamajikijolo, ebukeka njengejikijolo esiqwini esincane, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-aneurysm yobuchopho. Benza amaphesenti angama-90 wayo yonke imithambo yemithambo yobuchopho, ngokusho kweStanford Health Care. Ama-aneurysms eBerry ajwayele ukuvela ezansi kobuchopho lapho kuhlangana khona imithambo yegazi emikhulu, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-Circle of Willis.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingcindezi evela ku-aneurysm odongeni lwe-artery olubuthakathaka vele ingadala ukuthi i-aneurysm iqhume. Lapho i-aneurysm yeberry iqhuma, igazi elivela emthanjeni liya ebuchosheni. I-aneurysm eqhekekile yisimo esibi esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Khumbula ukuthi, ngokusho kwe-American Stroke Association, amaphesenti ayi-1.5 kuya ku-5 kuphela abantu azokwakha i-aneurysm yobuchopho. Phakathi kwabantu abane-aneurysm yobuchopho, kuphela amaphesenti angu-0,5 kuya ku-3 kuphela azothola ukuqhekeka.

Nginayo i-aneurysm yamajikijolo?

Ama-aneurysms ama-Berry ngokuvamile mancane futhi awanazimpawu, kepha amakhulu kwesinye isikhathi afaka ingcindezi ebuchosheni noma emithanjeni yaso. Lokhu kungadala izimpawu ze-neurological, kufaka phakathi:

• ikhanda endaweni ethile
• abafundi abakhulu
• ukufiphala noma ukubona kabili
• ubuhlungu ngenhla noma ngemuva kweso
• ubuthakathaka nokuba ndikindiki
• kunzima ukukhuluma

Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu.

Ama-aneurysms aqhekekile ngokuvamile abangela ukuthi igazi elivela emthanjeni othintekile lingene ebuchosheni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-subarachnoid hemorrhage. Izimpawu ze-subarachnoid hemorrhage zifaka lezo ezibalwe ngenhla kanye:

• ikhanda elibi kakhulu eliza ngokushesha
• ukuquleka
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• intamo elukhuni
• ushintsho olungazelelwe esimweni sengqondo
• ukuzwela ekukhanyeni, okubizwa nangokuthi i-photophobia
• isithuthwane
• ijwabu leso elilengayo

Yini ebangela ama-aneurysms amajikijolo?

Kunezici ezithile ezenza abanye abantu babe sethubeni lokuthola i-aneurysm yamajikijolo. Ezinye zizalwe, okusho ukuthi abantu bazalwa nazo. Ezinye yizimo zezokwelapha nemikhuba yokuphila. Ngokuvamile, ama-aneurysms amajikijolo ajwayelekile kakhulu kubantu abadala abangaphezu kwama-40 nabesifazane.

Izici zobungozi bokuzalwa

• ukuphazamiseka kwezicubu (isib.I-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, iMarfan syndrome, ne-fibromuscular dysplasia)
• isifo sezinso se-polycystic
• udonga lomthambo olungajwayelekile
• i-cerebral arteriovenous malformation
• umlando womndeni wama-aneurysms amajikijolo
• ukutheleleka kwegazi
• izimila
• ukulimala ekhanda okubuhlungu
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• imithambo eqinile, ebizwa nangokuthi i-atherosclerosis
• amazinga aphansi e-estrogen
• ukubhema
• ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi i-cocaine
• ukusetshenziswa kotshwala obunzima

Izici zobungozi bezokwelapha

Izici zobungozi bokuphila

Ngazi kanjani ukuthi ngine-aneurysm yamajikijolo?

Udokotela wakho angaxilonga isifo se-aneurysm ngokwenza izivivinyo eziningana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-computerised tomography (CT) kanye nama-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Ngenkathi wenza okunye kwalokhu kuskena, udokotela wakho futhi angakujova ngodayi ukuze ubone kangcono ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni bakho.

Uma lezo zindlela zingakhombisi lutho, kepha udokotela wakho ucabanga ukuthi usengaba ne-aneurysm yamajikijolo, kunezinye izivivinyo zokuxilonga ezingazenza.

Enye inketho enjalo i-angiogram yobuchopho. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokufaka ishubhu elincanyana eliqukethe udayi emthanjeni omkhulu, ngokuvamile imbilapho, bese uliphusha lifinyelele emithanjeni yobuchopho bakho. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi imithambo yakho yegazi ivele kalula kwi-X-ray. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela yokuqagela ayifane isetshenziswe namuhla inikezwe isimo sayo sokuhlasela.

Aphathwa kanjani ama-aneurysms amajikijolo?

Kunezinketho ezintathu zokwelashwa okuhlinzekwayo kokubili okungaphazanyiswa nokuqhekeka kwama-berry aneurisms. Inketho ngayinye iza nezingozi zayo zezinkinga ezingaba khona. Udokotela wakho uzocubungula usayizi nendawo ye-aneurysm kanye neminyaka yakho, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, nomlando womndeni ukukhetha inketho ephephe kakhulu kuwe.

Ukunqunywa kokuhlinzwa

Enye yezindlela zokwelapha ze-berry aneurysm ezivame kakhulu ukusikwa kokuhlinzwa. I-neurosurgeon isusa ucezu oluncane logebhezi ukuthola ukufinyelela kwi-aneurysm. Bafaka isiqeshana sensimbi kwi-aneurysm ukuze igazi lingangeni kulo.

Ukusikwa okuhlinzekwayo kungukuhlinzwa okuhlaselayo okuvame ukudinga ubusuku obumbalwa esibhedlela. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungalindela amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha wokululama. Ngaleso sikhathi, kufanele ukwazi ukuzinakekela. Vele uqiniseke ukuthi ukhawulela umsebenzi wakho womzimba ukuze uvumele isikhathi somzimba wakho sokuphola. Ungaqala kancane ukufaka imisebenzi emnene yomzimba, njengokuhamba nemisebenzi yasendlini. Ngemuva kwamasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha, kufanele ukwazi ukubuyela emazingeni akho wangaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Ukugoqwa kwe-Endovascular

Inketho yokwelashwa yesibili ukufaka i-endovascular coiling, okungathatheki kancane kunokunqunywa kokuhlinzwa. Ishubhu elincane lifakwa emthanjeni omkhulu bese liphushelwa phezulu kwi-aneurysm. Le nqubo ifana naleyo ye-angiogram yobuchopho udokotela wakho angayisebenzisa ukuthola ukuxilongwa. Intambo ye-platinum ethambile ingena ngeshubhu ingene kwi-aneurysm. Uma isikwi-aneurysm, izintambo ziyagoqa futhi zidale igazi ukuba lijiye, okuvala uphawu lwe-aneurysm.

Inqubo ngokuvamile idinga ukuhlala ubusuku obubodwa esibhedlela, futhi ungabuyela ezingeni lakho elijwayelekile lomsebenzi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ngenkathi le nketho ingangenisi kangako, iza nengozi yokopha esikhathini esizayo, okungadinga ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe.

I-Flow diverters

Ukugeleza kokugeleza kuyindlela entsha yokwelashwa yama-berry aneurysms. Zibandakanya ithubhu elincane, elibizwa ngokuthi i-stent, elibekwa emthonjeni wegazi lomzali we-aneurysm. Iqondisa kabusha igazi kude ne-aneurysm. Lokhu kunciphisa ngokushesha ukugeleza kwegazi kuye kwi-aneurysm, okufanele ivalwe ngokuphelele emasontweni ayisithupha kuya ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Ezigulini ezingabaqashi abahlinzekwayo, i-flow diverter ingaba yindlela ephephile yokwelashwa, ngoba ayidingi ukungena kwi-aneurysm, okwandisa ubungozi bokuqhuma kwe-aneurysm.

Ukuphathwa kwezimpawu

Uma i-aneurysm ingazange idabuke, udokotela wakho anganquma ukuthi kuphephe kakhulu ukumane ubheke i-aneurysm ngokuskena okuvamile futhi uphathe noma yiziphi izimpawu onazo. Izinketho zokulawula izimpawu zifaka:

• kudambisa izinhlungu ekhanda
• ama-calcium channel blocker okugcina imithambo yegazi inganciphe
• imishanguzo yokulwa nokuquleka okubangelwa ukuqhuma kwama-aneurysms
• i-angioplasty noma umjovo womuthi owenyusa umfutho wegazi ukugcina igazi ligeleza futhi livimbele isifo sohlangothi
• ukukhipha uketshezi oluningi lwe-cerebrospinal kusuka ku-aneurysm eqhekekile usebenzisa i-catheter noma i-shunt system
• ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, ukusebenza, kanye nokukhuluma ukubhekana nokulimala kobuchopho kusuka ku-aneurysm yeberry eqhekekile

Ungakuvimbela kanjani ama-aneurysms amajikijolo

Ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela ama-aneurysms amajikijolo, kodwa kukhona izinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezinganciphisa ingozi yakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ukuyeka ukubhema nokugwema intuthu kagwayi
• ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa
• ukulandela ukudla okunempilo okungenawo amafutha amaningi, ama-trans fats, i-cholesterol, usawoti, noshukela ongeziwe
• ukwenza umsebenzi omningi ngangokunokwenzeka
• ukusebenza nodokotela wakho ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma i-cholesterol ephezulu uma unayo
• ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi ezihambisana nezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo

Uma usunayo i-aneurysm yamajikijolo, ukwenza lezi zinguquko kusengakusiza ukuvikela i-aneurysm ekuqhekekeni. Ngokungeziwe kulezi zinguquko, kufanele futhi ugweme ukuhlunga okungadingekile, njengokuphakamisa izinsimbi ezisindayo, uma une-aneurysm engaphazamiseki.

Ingabe ama-aneurysms amajikijolo abulala njalo?

Abantu abaningi abane-aneurysms yamajikijolo bahamba impilo yabo yonke bengazi ukuthi banayo. Lapho i-aneurysm yamajikijolo iba nkulu kakhulu noma iqhekeka, noma kunjalo, ingaba nemiphumela emibi, yokuphila konke. Le miphumela ehlala njalo incike kakhulu kubudala bakho nesimo sakho, kanye nosayizi nendawo ye-aneurysm yeberry.

Isikhathi phakathi kokuthola nokwelashwa sibaluleke kakhulu. Lalela umzimba wakho futhi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ucabanga ukuthi ungaba ne-aneurysm yeberry.