Amaphilisi Wokuvimbela Ukuzalwa: Ingabe Kukufanele?

-Delile

• Yiziphi izinhlobo zamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha?
• Inhlanganisela amaphilisi
• Amaphilisi e-progestin kuphela
• Ukunquma ngohlobo lwephilisi lokulawula ukubeletha
• Asebenza kanjani amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo?
• Ngiwasebenzisa kanjani amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo?
• Asebenza kangakanani amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha?
• Ziyini izinzuzo zamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha?
• Yiziphi izingqinamba zamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha?
• Imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi
• Izingozi
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho
• I-Q & A.
• Q:
• A:

Isingeniso

Uhlobo lokulawulwa kokuzalwa olisebenzisayo yisinqumo somuntu siqu, futhi kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo. Uma ungowesifazane ohlanganyela ocansini, ungacabanga ngamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha.

Amaphilisi okulawula inzalo, abizwa nangokuthi izisu zokuvimbela inzalo, yimithi oyiphuzayo ngomlomo ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Ziyindlela ephumelelayo yokulawulwa kokuzalwa. Thola ukuthi basebenza kanjani nokuthi imiphi imiphumela emibi abangayibangela, kanye nezinye izinto ezingakusiza unqume ukuthi amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha angakhetha kahle yini kuwe.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha?

Inhlanganisela amaphilisi

Amaphilisi okuhlanganiswa aqukethe izinhlobo zokwenziwa (ezenziwe ngabantu) zamahomoni i-estrogen ne-progestin. Amaphilisi amaningi emjikelezweni ngamunye ayasebenza, okusho ukuthi aqukethe ama-hormone. Amaphilisi asele awasebenzi, okusho ukuthi awanawo ama-hormone. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamaphilisi okuhlanganiswa:

• Amaphilisi we-Monophasic: Lawa asetshenziswa kumijikelezo yenyanga eyodwa futhi iphilisi ngalinye elisebenzayo likunikeza isilinganiso esifanayo se-hormone. Phakathi nesonto lokugcina lomjikelezo, uphuza amaphilisi angasebenzi futhi ube nesikhathi sakho.
• Amaphilisi ama-multiphasic: Lawa asetshenziswa kumijikelezo yenyanga eyodwa futhi anikela ngamazinga ahlukene ama-hormone phakathi nomjikelezo. Phakathi nesonto lokugcina lomjikelezo, uphuza amaphilisi angasebenzi futhi ube nesikhathi sakho.
• Amaphilisi omjikelezo owengeziwe: Lawa asetshenziswa kakhulu kumjikelezo wamaviki awu-13. Uphuza amaphilisi asebenzayo amasonto ayi-12, kuthi phakathi nesonto lokugcina lomjikelezo, uphuze amaphilisi angasebenzi futhi ube nesikhathi sakho. Ngenxa yalokho, unesikhathi sakho izikhathi ezintathu kuya kwezine kuphela ngonyaka.

Izibonelo zamaphilisi wokuhlanganiswa kwegama lomkhiqizo zifaka:

• I-Azurette
• Beyaz
• Enpresse
• I-Estrostep Fe
• IKariva
• ULevora
• Loestrin
• Natazia
• Ocella
• I-Ogestrel ephansi
• I-Ortho-Novum
• I-Ortho Tri-Cyclen
• Seasonale
• Seasonique
• Velivet
• Yasmin
• Yaz

Amaphilisi e-progestin kuphela

Amaphilisi e-progestin kuphela aqukethe i-progestin ngaphandle kwe-estrogen. Lolu hlobo lwephilisi lubizwa nangokuthi i-minipill. Amaphilisi e-progestin kuphela angaba yisinqumo esihle kwabesifazane abangakwazi ukuthatha i-estrogen ngenxa yezempilo noma ezinye izizathu. Ngala maphilisi e-progestin-only, wonke amaphilisi asemjikelezweni ayasebenza. Awekho amaphilisi angasebenzi, ngakho-ke kungenzeka noma ungabi nesikhathi ngenkathi uthatha amaphilisi e-progestin kuphela.

Izibonelo zamaphilisi e-progestin kuphela afaka:

• UCamila
• U-Errin
• UHeather
• Jencycla
• Noma-QD
• I-Ortho Micronor

Ukunquma ngohlobo lwephilisi lokulawula ukubeletha

Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zepilisi ezilungele bonke abesifazane. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi iyiphi inketho yephilisi ezosebenza kangcono kuwe. Izici ezingathinta ukukhetha kwakho zifaka:

• izimpawu zakho zokuya esikhathini
• noma ngabe uyancelisa
• impilo yakho yenhliziyo
• ezinye izimo zempilo ezingamahlalakhona ongaba nazo
• eminye imithi ongayiphuza

Asebenza kanjani amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo?

Inhlanganisela yamaphilisi isebenza ngezindlela ezimbili. Okokuqala, zivimbela umzimba wakho ekuvuthweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amaqanda akho ngeke akhiphe iqanda inyanga ngayinye. Okwesibili, la maphilisi enza ukuthi umzimba wakho ushwabanise isikhwehlela sakho somlomo wesibeletho. Lo mucus uketshezi oluzungeze umlomo wakho wesibeletho osiza isidoda ukuba siye esibelethweni sakho ukuze sikwazi ukuvundisa iqanda. Isicubu esijiyile sisiza ukuvimbela isidoda ukuthi singafinyeleli esibelethweni.

Amaphilisi e-progestin kuphela asebenza ngezindlela ezimbalwa ezihlukile. Ngokuyinhloko, zisebenza ngokuqinisa umfinyela wakho wesibeletho nangokuncipha i-endometrium yakho. I-endometrium yakho ingumugqa wesibeletho sakho lapho kufakwa khona iqanda ngemuva kokukhulelwa. Uma lololwelwesi luncane, kuba nzima ukuthi iqanda lifakwe kulo, okuzovimbela ukuthi ukukhulelwa kungakhuli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphilisi e-progestin kuphela angavimbela ukuphuma kweqanda.

Ngiwasebenzisa kanjani amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo?

Inhlanganisela yamaphilisi iza nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amaphakethe wanyanga zonke, alandela imijikelezo yezinsuku ezingama-21, yezinsuku ezingama-24, noma yezinsuku ezingama-28. Izinhlobo ezinwetshiwe zingalandela imijikelezo yezinsuku ezingama-91. Kuwo wonke la mafomethi, uthatha iphilisi elilodwa ngosuku ngalunye ngesikhathi esifanayo sosuku.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaphilisi e-progestin kuphela angena ngamaphakethe angama-28. Njengamaphilisi okuhlanganisa, uphuza iphilisi elilodwa ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke.

Asebenza kangakanani amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha?

Uma ethathwe ngendlela efanele, amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha ayasebenza kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukukhulelwa. Ngokusho kwe-CDC, zombili iphilisi lenhlanganisela nephrogesini kuphela linamazinga okwehluleka ngokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile. Lokho kusho ukuthi kwabesifazane abayi-100 abasebenzisa leli philisi, abangu-9 bazokhulelwa.

Ukuze asebenze ngokugcwele, amaphilisi e-progestin kufanele aphuzwe esikhathini esifanayo samahora amathathu nsuku zonke.

Kukhona ukuguquguquka okuncane ngokwengeziwe ngamaphilisi wokuhlanganisa. Ngokuvamile, kufanele uzame ukuthatha amaphilisi okuhlanganisa ngasikhathi sinye usuku ngalunye, kodwa ungawaphuza ngaphakathi kwewindi lehora lama-12 elifanayo nsuku zonke futhi ube nokuvikelwa kokukhulelwa.

Imithi ethile ingenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lwephilisi lungasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• i-rifampin (i-antibiotic)
• imishanguzo ethile ye-HIV efana ne-lopinavir ne-saquinavir
• imishanguzo ethile yokuqeda uketshezi efana ne-carbamazepine ne-topiramate
• Isibungu iSt

Iphilisi lingase futhi lingasebenzi kahle uma uhanjiswa yisisu noma uhlanza. Uma uke wagula esiswini, hlola udokotela wakho ukubona ukuthi usengozini yokukhulelwa yini. Sebenzisa indlela eyisipele yokuvimbela inzalo uze wazi ukuthi kuphephile ukungakwenzi lokho.

Ziyini izinzuzo zamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha?

Amaphilisi okulawula inzalo anezinzuzo eziningi:

• Ziyakuvikela 24/7. Akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokulawulwa kokuzalwa ngesikhathi sokusondelana.
• Ziyasebenza. Zivikela ekukhulelweni kangcono kunezinye izindlela eziningi zokulawula inzalo.
• Basiza ukulawula umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini. Lokhu kungaba wusizo kwabesifazane abanezikhathi ezingajwayelekile noma ezinzima.
• Zibuyiselwa emuva ngokuphelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho uyeka ukuthatha imijikelezo yakho izobuyela kwesejwayelekile futhi ungakhulelwa kamuva.

Kukhona nezinzuzo ngokuya ngohlobo lwephilisi. Amaphilisi okuhlanganiswa nawo anganikeza ukuvikelwa okuthile koku:

• induna
• ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic
• ukuncipha kwamathambo
• ukukhula okungekho komdlavuza webele
• umdlavuza we-endometrium kanye ne-ovarian
• i-anemia
• izikhathi ezinzima
• ubuhlungu obukhulu bokuya esikhathini

Amaphilisi e-progestin kuphela anezinye izinzuzo futhi, njengokuphepha kwabesifazane:

• ayikwazi ukubekezelela ukwelashwa kwe-estrogen
• bayabhema
• baneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35
• unomlando wamahlule egazi
• ngifuna ukuncelisa

Yiziphi izingqinamba zamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha?

Amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo awavikeli ezifweni zocansi. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uvikelekile kulezi zifo, udinga ukusebenzisa amakhondomu ngaphezu kwepilisi yakho yansuku zonke.

Futhi, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthatha iphilisi lakho nsuku zonke. Futhi udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala unephekhi entsha elungele ukuhamba uma uqeda iphakethe. Uma uphuthelwa iphilisi noma ulibala ukuqala iphakethe elisha ngemuva kokuqeda umjikelezo, ingozi yakho yokukhulelwa iyanda.

Imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi

Ngenkathi amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha ephephile kwabesifazane abaningi, eza neminye imiphumela emibi nezingozi. Wonke umuntu wesifazane usabela ngendlela ehlukile kuma-hormone asemaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha. Abanye besifazane banemiphumela emibi, efana nale:

• kunciphise ukushayela ucansi
• isicanucanu
• ukopha phakathi kwezikhathi
• isisa sebele

Uma unale miphumela emibi, kungenzeka ithuthuke ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa zokusebenzisa iphilisi. Uma bengathuthuki, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Bangaphakamisa ukuthi ushintshele ohlotsheni oluhlukile lwephilisi lokulawula ukuzalwa.

Izingozi

Ingozi enkulu yokusebenzisa amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, ikakhulukazi amaphilisi okuhlanganisa, yingozi eyengeziwe yamahlule egazi. Lokhu kungaholela ku:

• i-vein thrombosis ejulile
• isifo senhliziyo
• unhlangothi
• embolism yamaphaphu

Sekukonke, ubungozi bokuqina kwegazi ekusebenziseni noma yiluphi uhlobo lwephilisi lokulawula ukubeletha kuphansi. Ngokusho kwe-American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, kwabesifazane abayi-10 000, bangaphansi kwabayishumi abazoba negazi ngemuva kokudla iphilisi eliyinhlanganisela unyaka wonke. Le ngozi isephansi kunengozi yokuba negazi lapho ukhulelwe futhi ngokushesha ngemuva kokubeletha.

Kodwa-ke, ingozi yokuqina kwegazi kusuka ephilisi iphakeme kwabesifazane abathile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abesifazane abenza lokhu:

• zikhuluphele kakhulu
• ube nomfutho wegazi ophakeme
• baphumula embhedeni isikhathi eside

Uma noma yiziphi zalezi zici zisebenza kuwe, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi zokusebenzisa iphilisi lokulawula ukubeletha.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho

Izinketho eziningi zokulawulwa kokuzalwa ziyatholakala namuhla, futhi iphilisi lokulawula ukubeletha lihle kakhulu. Kepha ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kokulawulwa kokuzalwa kwakho kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Ukuthola inketho ekusebenzela, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ubuza noma imiphi imibuzo onayo. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Yiluphi uhlobo lwephilisi lokulawula ukubeletha elingangcono kimi?
• Ngabe ngithatha noma yimiphi imithi engadala izinkinga ngephilisi lokulawula ukuzalwa?
• Ingabe ngisengozini enkulu yokuba namahlule egazi asuka ephilisi?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngikhohlwa ukuphuza iphilisi?
• Yiziphi ezinye izindlela zokulawula ukubeletha okufanele ngizicabangele?

I-Q & A.

Q:

Yiziphi ezinye izindlela zokulawula ukuzalwa ezikhona?

A:

Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha angenye yezindlela eziningi zokuvimbela inzalo. Ezinye izinketho zivela ezindleleni zesikhathi eside ezifana nedivayisi ye-intrauterine (IUD) kuya ekukhethweni kwesikhashana esifana nesipanji sokuvimbela inzalo. Ukuze uthole mayelana nalezi zinketho eziningi nokusebenza kwazo, izindleko, izinzuzo nezingozi, funda ngokuthi iyiphi indlela yokulawula ukubeletha ekufanele.