Okufanele Ukufunde, Ukubuka, Ukulalela, Futhi Ufunde Kokukusebenzisa Kakhulu Okweshumi Nesishiyagalolunye

-Delile

• Okokuqala, umlando omncane ngemuva kweJuneteenth.
• Isizathu Sokuba Sigubhe Okweshumi Nesishiyagalolunye (nokuthi Kungani Kufanele Nawe)
• Ongakulalela
• Umsindo Ophakeme Kunesiphithiphithi
• EYENDALO
• Futhi vula ku:
• Ongakufundela Inganekwane
• Queenie nguCandice Carty-Williams
• Amanga Enomusa nguNancy Johnson
• Nakhu okunye okumbalwa okufundayo okuthakazelisayo ongakuthola:
• Okufanele Ukufundele Ukungafakwanga
• UJim Crow omusha ngu-Michelle Alexander
• Okokuqala Ngokulandelayo nguJames Baldwin
• Qhubeka futhi ungeze lokhu enqoleni yakho futhi:
• Okufanele Ubuke
• Ukuba
• Abafokazi Ababili Abakude
• Amawashi engeziwe alungele ukuzitika:
• Ongakulandela
• U-Alicia Garza
• I-Opal Tometi
• Hambisana nalaba baphathi abaMnyama, futhi:
• Buyekeza kwe-

Isikhathi eside kakhulu, umlando weshumi neshumi nesishiyagalolunye usithwe ngumhlaka-4 kuJulayi. Futhi nakuba abaningi bethu bakhule benezinkumbulo ezimnandi zokudla ama-hotdog, ukubukela iziqhumane, nokunikela ngokubomvu, okumhlophe, nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuze sigubhe inkululeko yesizwe sethu, iqiniso liwukuthi, wonke umuntu waseMelika wayengakhululekile (noma ngisho eduze nayo) Julayi 4, 1776. Empeleni, uThomas Jefferson, ubaba owasungula nombhali weSimemezelo Sokuzimela, wayephethe izigqila eziyi-180 ngaleso sikhathi (begqilaza abantu abaMnyama abangaphezu kwama-600 kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubugqila baqhubeka bungaqediwe eminye iminyaka engu-87. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, kwathatha iminyaka emibili eyengeziwe ukuze zonke izigqila zigcine zithole inkululeko ngo-June 19, 1865 - manje eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Juneteenth.

Okokuqala, umlando omncane ngemuva kweJuneteenth.

Ngo-1863, uMongameli uLincoln wasayina isimemezelo se-Emancipation Proclamation esasimemezela ukuthi bonke "abantu ababanjwe njengezigqila" emazweni ahlubukayo e-Confederate "kusukela manje bazokhululeka."

Ulungele ukufunda okuthile okungenzeka ukuthi kulahlekile ezincwadini zakho zokufunda? Ngenkathi lokhu kwakuyinto enkulu kubantu abamnyama (isimemezelo sisho inkululeko yezigqila ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu), ukukhululwa akuzange kusebenze kuzo zonke izigqila. Kusetshenziswe kuphela ezindaweni ezingaphansi kolawulo lweConfederate futhi hhayi ezindaweni zemingcele eziphethe izigqila noma izindawo ezihlubuki ezingaphansi kolawulo lweNyunyana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMthethosisekelo waseTexas wango-1836 wanikeza ukuvikeleka okungeziwe kubaphathi bezigqila ngenkathi kuqhubeka nokunciphisa amalungelo ezigqila. Ngokutholakala okuncane kakhulu kweNyunyana, abanikazi abaningi bezigqila banquma ukuthuthela eTexas nezigqila zabo, ngaleyo ndlela bavumela ubugqila ukuba buqhubeke.

Kodwa-ke, ngoJuni 19, 1865, Isikhulu Samasosha aseMelika kanye ne-Union Major General, uGordon Granger bafika eGalveston, eTexas bememezela ukuthi zonke izigqila zikhululekile ngokomthetho - ushintsho oluthinte izimpilo zabaMnyama ezingama-250,000 ingunaphakade.

Isizathu Sokuba Sigubhe Okweshumi Nesishiyagalolunye (nokuthi Kungani Kufanele Nawe)

I-Juneteenth, okufushane kokuthi "Juni 19," ikhumbula ukuphela kobugqila obusemthethweni eMelika futhi ifanekisela amandla nokuqina kwabantu abamnyama baseMelika. Futhi ngoJuni 15, 2021, iSenethi yaphasisa umthethosivivinywa wokuwenza ube yiholide lenhlangano - ekugcineni. . (I-FYI - umthetho manje usuzodlula eNdlu Yabamele, ngakho-ke ukunqamula komunwe!) Lo mgubho awuboshelwe kuphela emlandweni wabamnyama, uhlanganiswe ngqo nentambo yomlando waseMelika. Ngemuva kweziyaluyalu zanamuhla zombango kanye nokungezwani kwezinhlanga, i-Juneteenth, eyaziwa nangokuthi Usuku Lwenkululeko, Usuku Lokukhululwa, noma Usuku LweJubliee, ngokwemvelo izuze ukugqama okukhulu, ngisho nasemhlabeni wonke - futhi kufanele.

Ukusiza ukuthwebula okushiwo yiqiniso, ukubaluleka, nomlando weshumi nanye, siqoqe uhlu lwama-podcast, izincwadi, amadokhumentari, ama-movie nezinhlelo ze-TV ongazitholela kuzo - hhayi nje manje ekugubheni iJuneteenth, kepha ngale iholide. Yize lolu hlu lwezincomo lungaphelele neze, ngethemba ukuthi luzokunika amandla okufunda kabanzi ngezindaba ezingakhulunywanga zezinguquko ezimnyama namuhla, futhi konke usuku, ukuphakamisa amazwi abaMnyama nokufuna ukulingana kwabo bonke.

Ongakulalela

Umsindo Ophakeme Kunesiphithiphithi

Iphethwe nguSidney Madden noRodney Carmichael, uLouder Than A Riot ubheka ukuhlangana phakathi kokuphakama kwe-hip hop nokuboshwa kwabantu abaningi eMelika. Isiqephu ngasinye singena endabeni yomculi ukuthi ahlole izici ezahlukahlukene zohlelo lobulungiswa bobugebengu oluthinta ngokungalingani i-Black American futhi, ngokwenza njalo, lubeka kabusha izindaba ezingezinhle nge-hip hop nobudlelwano bayo nomphakathi oMnyama. (ICYDK, Abantu abaMnyama bavalelwe izikhathi eziphindwe kahlanu kunesilinganiso sozakwabo abamhlophe, ngokusho kwe-NAACP.) Le podcast isebenzisa uhlobo lomculo oluthandwe ngabantu bezizinda ezahlukahlukene ukudalula lokho abantu abaningi abamnyama baseMelika abakubonile kudlalwa kaningi ngesihluku samaphoyisa, amaqhinga ezomthetho anobandlululo, kanye nokuvezwa kwabezindaba okululazayo. Ungahlola iLouder Than A Riot ku-NPR One, i-Apple, iSpotify neGoogle.

EYENDALO

Yakhelwe futhi yakhiqizwa ithimba labadali Abamnyama, i-NATAL, i-podcast docuseries, isebenzisa ubufakazi bomuntu wokuqala ukuze inikeze amandla futhi ifundise abazali Abamnyama abakhulelwe nabazalayo. Abakhiqizi abakhulu nabasingathikazi uGabrielle Horton noMartina Abrahams Ilunga basebenzisa i-NATAL "ukudlulisela imakrofoni kubazali Abamnyama ukuze batshele izindaba zabo ngokukhulelwa, ukubeletha, nokunakekelwa kwangemva kokubeletha, ngamazwi abo." I-docuseries, eyaqala ukusebenza ngeviki lika-Ephreli 2020 leMpilo Emnyama Yomama, ibuye iqhakambise abasebenzi bokuzalwa, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha, abacwaningi, kanye nabameli abalwela nsuku zonke ukunakekelwa okungcono kwabazali abamnyama abazalayo. Uma kubhekwa iqiniso lokuthi abesifazane abaMnyama banamathuba aphindwe kathathu kunabesifazane abamhlophe okufa ngenxa yezinkinga ezihlobene nokukhulelwa, i-NATAL iyinsiza ebucayi komama abamnyama nakomama abazoba kuyo yonke indawo. Lalela iNatal ku-Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, Google, nakuyo yonke indawo amaphodikasti atholakalayo.

Futhi vula ku:

• Ikhodi Shintsha
• I-Read
• I-Identity Politics
• Igebe Lokuhlukahluka
• Izihlobo
• 1619
• Isacubungula
• I-Stop

Ongakufundela Inganekwane

Queenie nguCandice Carty-Williams

Igama elilodwa le- Isikhathi Izincwadi eziyi-100 ezihamba phambili zango-2019, u-Candice Carty-Williams wokuqala ongesabi ukulandela u-Queenie Jenkins, owesifazane wase-Jamaican-British ozama ukulinganisela phakathi kwamasiko amabili ahluke ngokuphelele kuyilapho engangeni kuwo womabili. Emsebenzini wakhe njengentatheli yephephandaba, uhlala ephoqeleka ukuziqhathanisa nontanga yakhe emhlophe. Phakathi kobuhlanya bosuku nosuku, isoka lakhe elimhlophe eselinesikhathi eside linquma ukucela "ukuphumula". Emzamweni wokubuyela emuva ekuhlukaneni kwakhe okuxakile, intatheli eneminyaka engu-25 ubudala inakekela ngesinqumo esisodwa esingabazisayo iye kwesinye, konke lokhu izama ukuthola injongo yayo empilweni - umbuzo iningi lethu elingaziqonda ngawo. Inoveli ye-tell-it-like-it-ifaka phakathi ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuba yintombazane eNsundu ekhona ezindaweni eziningi zabamhlophe, okuvela nokuthi umhlaba wayo uyawa. Nakuba umlingiswa okhaliphile, nokho ozwelayo edonsa kanzima nempilo yengqondo, ukucwasa okungaphakathi, kanye nokuchema emsebenzini, ekugcineni uthola amandla okuhlanganisa konke—indlovukazi yeqiniso, emnyama! (Okuhlobene: Ubandlululo Luyithinta Kanjani Impilo Yakho Yengqondo)

Amanga Enomusa nguNancy Johnson

Intandokazi yeklabhu yezincwadi, Amanga Enomusa nguNancy Johnson, ulandisa ngendaba yonjiniyela uRuth Tuttle nohambo lwakhe lokubuyisana nesikhathi esidlule esigcwele amahloni esigcwele izimfihlo ngomzamo wokuqala umndeni wakhe. Misa ngesikhathi soMnotho oMkhulu kanye nokuqala kwenkathi entsha yethemba ngemuva kokuphumelela kukamongameli wokuqala kukaMongameli u-Obama, le noveli iphawula ngokuguquguquka kobuhlanga, isigaba, kanye nomndeni. Ngenkathi umyeni wakhe ezimisele ukuqala umndeni, uRuth akaqinisekile; usakhungathekile ngesinqumo asithatha esemncane sokushiya indodana yakhe. Futhi-ke, ubuyela emndenini wakhe osuhlukanisiwe nedolobha elihlaselwe ngumnotho eGanton, e-Indiana ukuyokwenza ukuthula nomlando wakhe - inqubo ezomphoqa ukuthi abhekane namademoni akhe, athole amanga afihlekile phakathi komndeni wakhe, nobuso idolobha elalicindezelwe ngokobuhlanga abaleqa eminyakeni eyedlule. Amanga Enomusa yisimo esiphoqayo semikhono yokukhula emndenini wabantu abaMnyama, osebenzayo eMelika kanye nokuxhumana okuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kobuhlanga nesigaba.

Nakhu okunye okumbalwa okufundayo okuthakazelisayo ongakuthola:

• NgoJuniweshumi nguRalph Ellison
• Iminyaka Emnandi Enjalo nguKiley Reid
• Izingane Zegazi Namathambo ngu-Tomi Adeyemi
• Ukugoduka ngu-Yaa Gyasi
• BathandekayonguToni Morrison
• Ukunakekelwa Nokondliwa Kwamantombazane Alambile Angcolile ngu-Anissa Grey
• I-Americanah by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
• Abafana bakaNickel nguColson Whitehead
• Ukuphupha Intombazane Ensundu nguJacqueline Woodson

Okufanele Ukufundele Ukungafakwanga

UJim Crow omusha ngu-Michelle Alexander

A New York Times ethengisa kakhulu (ichithe cishe amasonto angama-250 ohlwini lwamaphepha athengiswa kakhulu!), UJim Crow Omusha ihlola izingqinamba ezihlobene nobuhlanga eziqondene nabesilisa abaMnyama nokuboshwa kwabantu abaningi e-United States futhi ichaza ukuthi uhlelo lwezobulungiswa bezobugebengu besizwe lusebenza kanjani kubantu abaMnyama. Umbhali, umbangi wamalungelo omphakathi, kanye nesazi sezomthetho uMichelle Alexander ukhombisa ukuthi, ngokukhomba abesilisa abaMnyama "ngeMpi Yezidakamizwa" nokucekela phansi imiphakathi enemibala, uhlelo lwezobulungiswa lwaseMelika lisebenza njengohlelo lwanamuhla lokulawulwa kwezinhlanga (iJim Crow entsha, uma uthanda) -njengoba inamathela enkolelweni yokuba nombala obomvu. Ishicilelwe okokuqala ngo-2010, UJim Crow omusha kucashunwe ezinqumweni zokwahlulela futhi kwamukelwa ekufundweni kwekhempasi ngokubanzi nasemphakathini jikelele. (Bheka futhi: Amathuluzi Okukusiza Udalule Ukuchema Okusobala - Kanye, Ukuthi Kusho Ukuthini Lokho Empeleni)

Okokuqala Ngokulandelayo nguJames Baldwin

Kubhalwe ngumlobi ohlonishwayo, imbongi, nesishoshovu, uJames Baldwin, Umlilo Ngokuzayo kuwukuhlolwa okubuhlungu kobudlelwano bobuhlanga eMelika phakathi nekhulu lama-20. Idayiswa kakhulu ezweni lonke ngenkathi ikhishwa okokuqala ngo-1963, le ncwadi iqukethe "izincwadi" ezimbili (empeleni izindatshana) ezinombono kaBaldwin ngezimo ezimbi zabantu abamnyama baseMelika. Incwadi yokuqala iyisixwayiso esithembekile kodwa esinozwelo kumshana wakhe osemncane ngezingozi zokuba Mnyama eMelika kanye "nomqondo osontekile wobandlululo." Incwadi yesibili futhi ephawuleka kakhulu ibhalelwe bonke abaseMelika. Iletha isexwayiso esibi semiphumela eyinhlekelele yobandlululo eMelika - futhi okuningi kwayo, ngeshwa, kuyenzeka namuhla. Ukubhalwa kukaBaldwin akunamahloni kunoma yimaphi amaqiniso amabi ngosizi olumnyama. Ibamba umfundi ngamunye wayo ukuthi aziphendulele ngokuzihlola nangocingo lokudlulisa inqubekela phambili. (Okuhlobene: Amathuluzi Okusiza Ukuthola Ukubandlulula Okuphelele - Futhi, Lokho Okushiwo Ngempela)

Qhubeka futhi ungeze lokhu enqoleni yakho futhi:

• Isitembu: Ubandlululo, i-Antiracism, kanye Nawe ngu-Ibram X. Kendi noJason Reynolds
• I-Hood Feminism: Amanothi Avela Kwabesifazane Abakhohlwa Ukunyakaza nguMikki Kendall
• Amanani Afihliwe ngu-Margot Lee Shetterly
• Isitimela Esingaphansi Komhlaba: IGreen Book kanye Nemisuka Yokuhamba Okumnyama eMelikanguCandacy Taylor
• Kungani Ngingasakhulumi Nabelungu Ngobuhlanga nguRenni Edo-Lodge
• Mina Nobukhosi Abamhlophe by Layla Saad
• Kungani Zonke Izingane Ezimnyama Zihleli Ndawonye Ekudleni?nguBeverly Daniel Tatum, Ph.D.
• EmhlopheUbugebengu nguRobin DiAngelo
• Phakathi Kwezwe Nami nguTa-Nehisi Coates
• Umlilo Uvale Emathanjeni Ami nguCharles Blow

Okufanele Ubuke

Ukuba

Ukuba, idokhumentari yeNetflix esuselwe engxenyeni ethile yesimemo esidayisa kakhulu sikaMichelle Obama, yabelana ngokusondelene ngempilo yowesifazane wokuqala wangaphambilini futhi ngemuva kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili eWhite House. Kuthatha ababukeli ekusithekeni kohambo lwakhe lwencwadi futhi kunikeze ukubuka ubudlelwano bakhe no-hubby, owayenguMongameli uBarack Obama, futhi bathathe izikhathi eziqondile namadodakazi, uMalia noSasha. I-Black FLOTUS yokuqala yezwe lakithi, uMichelle wakhuthaza abesifazane bazo zonke izizinda ngobuhle bakhe obuhle, ukuqina kwesibindi, kanye nethemba elithelelanayo (ingasaphathwa eyokubukeka kwakhe okuhle nezingalo zokubulala). I- Ukuba u-doc uyikhombisa ngomusa indaba yakhe yokusebenza kanzima, ukuzimisela, nokunqoba - into ekhuthazayo okufanele ibonwe yibo bonke.

Abafokazi Ababili Abakude

Ifilimu elifushane eliwina umklomelo we-Academy kufanele libukelwe, wonke umuntu. Futhi njengoba kungumsuka weNetflix (ofinyeleleka kalula kwinsizakalo yokusakaza) futhi unemizuzu engama-30 ubude, asikho neze isizathu sokungangezi Izihambi Ezimbili Ezikude kulayini wakho. I-Flick ilandela umlingisi oyinhloko njengoba ebekezelela ukuhlangana okudabukisayo okucasulayo nephoyisa elimhlophe ngokuphindaphindiwe esikhathini esiyiluphu. Naphezu kwesihloko sayo esinzima, Abafokazi Ababili Abakude ihlala ilula futhi ikhuthaza konke ngenkathi ivumela izethameli ukuthi zibuke ngaphakathi ukuthi umhlaba ubukeka kanjani kubantu abaningi abamnyama baseMelika nsuku zonke - okubaluleke kakhulu ngokubulawa kukaBreonna Taylor, uGeorge Flloyd noRayshard Brooks ngo-2020. Izihambi Ezimbili Ezikude izithola isisempambanweni yamaqiniso anzima amanje kanye nesinqumo esinethemba ngekusasa. (Okuhlobene: Ukuthi Imali YamaPhoyisa Ibavikela Kanjani Abesifazane Abamnyama)

Amawashi engeziwe alungele ukuzitika:

• Ukufa Nokuphila kukaMarsha P. Johnson
• Pose
• Bantu Abamhlophe
• 13
• Lapho Besibona
• I Hate U Give
• Umusa nje
• Ukungavikeleki
• Umnyama-ish

Ongakulandela

U-Alicia Garza

U-Alicia Garza ungumhleli ozinze e-Oakland, umbhali, isikhulumi somphakathi, kanye noMqondisi Wezinhlelo Ezikhethekile ze-National Domestic Workers Alliance. Kepha ukuqhubeka kukaGarza osekuvele kumnandi akugcini lapho: Waziwa kakhulu ngokuhlanganisa inhlangano yeBlack Lives Matter (BLM) yamazwe omhlaba. Okuvamile. Selokhu kwavela iBLM, usephenduke izwi elinamandla kwabezindaba. Landela uGarza ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngomsebenzi wakhe wokuqeda ukuhlukunyezwa kwamaphoyisa nodlame olubhekiswe kubantu abangafani nabobulili abangahambisani nobulili. Uyakuzwa lokho? Lokho ukubizela esenzweni kukaGarza okuningi ukusiza ukuqeda ifa lesizwe lethu lokucwasa nokucwasa. Lalela bese ujoyina. (Related: Izikhathi Ezinamandla Zokuthula, Ubumbano, kanye Nethemba ezivela emibhikishweni yeBlack Lives Matter)

I-Opal Tometi

U-Opal Tometi uyisishoshovu samalungelo abantu saseMelika, umhleli, nombhali owaziwa kakhulu ngeqhaza lakhe ekusunguleni inhlangano iBlack Lives Matter (kanye noGarza) nanjengomqondisi omkhulu weBlack Alliance for Just Immigration (i-US kuqala). inhlangano kazwelonke yamalungelo abantu bokufika yabantu abavela e-Afrika). Kuyamangaza, akunjalo? Isishoshovu esiwina umklomelo sisebenzisa izwi laso nokufinyelela okunabile ukulwela amalungelo abantu emhlabeni wonke nokufundisa abantu ngezinto ezinjalo. Landela uTometi ngenhlanganisela elinganiselwe yobushoshovu bokubizela esenzweni nomlingo wentombazane Emnyama - zombili lezi zinto ezizokukhipha esihlalweni sakho futhi zilangazelele ukujoyina naye ekwenzeni ngcono umhlaba.

Hambisana nalaba baphathi abaMnyama, futhi:

• UBrittany Packnett Cunningham
• UMarc Lamont Hill
• UTarana Burke
• UVan Jones
• Ava DuVernay
• URachel Elizabeth Cargle (aka ungqondongqondo ngemuva kweThe Loveland Foundation - insiza ebalulekile yezempilo yengqondo yabesifazane abaMnyama)
• UBlair Amadeus Imani
• U-Alison Désir (Bheka futhi: U-Alison Désir Mayelana Nokulindelekile Kokukhulelwa Nomama Omusha Vs. Okungokoqobo)
• Cleo Wade
• U-Austin Channing Brown

Buyekeza kwe-