I-Bradycardia: kuyini, izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Lapho i-bradycardia inzima
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Bradycardia yigama lezokwelapha elisetshenziswa lapho inhliziyo inciphisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ishaya amabhithi angaphansi kwama-60 ngomzuzu ekuphumuleni.

Imvamisa, i-bradycardia ayinazo izimpawu, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokwehla kokugeleza kwegazi, okubangelwa ukwehla kwenhliziyo, ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka noma isiyezi kungavela. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kunconywa ukuthi uye kudokotela wenhliziyo ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlolwa, kutholakale imbangela ethile kanye nokwelashwa okufanele kakhulu okuqalisiwe, okungabandakanya ukubekwa kwe-pacemaker.

I-Bradycardia ivame kakhulu kubasubathi bomncintiswano ophezulu, ngoba izinhliziyo zabo sezivele zivumelane nomzamo womzimba owenziwa njalo, ogcina wehlise izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Kwasebekhulile, kungahle kube khona nokwehla kwenhliziyo ngenxa yokuguga kwemvelo kwenhliziyo, ngaphandle kokukhombisa ukuba khona kwezinkinga zempilo.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Ukwehla kwesilinganiso senhliziyo kungabhekwa njengokujwayelekile lapho kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokulala noma kubantu abazivocavoca njalo, njengabagijimi abagijimayo nabagibeli bamabhayisikili. Kujwayelekile futhi ukuthi kwenzeke ngemuva kwesidlo esikhulu noma ngesikhathi sokunikelwa ngegazi, inyamalale ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa.

Kodwa-ke, i-bradycardia ingabangelwa ezinye izimo zenhliziyo noma zomzimba ezidinga ukukhonjwa nokwelashwa:

• Isifo se-sinus node, okubonakala ngokungakwazi kwenhliziyo ukugcina izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elanele;
• Isifo senhliziyo, okwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuphazanyiswa futhi inhliziyo ingalitholi igazi nomoya-mpilo odingekayo ukwenza umsebenzi wayo;
• I-Hypothermia, lapho izinga lokushisa lomzimba lingaphansi kuka-35ºC futhi umsebenzi womzimba uyehla, njengokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukugcina izinga lokushisa;
• I-Hypothyroidism, ebonakala ngokuncipha kwenani lamahomoni wegilo, angathinta uhlelo lwenhliziyo futhi anciphise ukushaya kwenhliziyo;
• I-Hypoglycemia, okuwukwehla kwenani likashukela egazini futhi okunganciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo;
• Ukwehla kokuhlushwa kwe-potassium noma i-calcium egazini, kungaba nomthelela ekushayeni kwenhliziyo, kwehlise;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ye-hypertension noma i-arrhythmia, okuvame ukuba ne-bradycardia njengomphumela wecala;
• Ukuvezwa kwezinto ezinobuthi, njenge-nicotine, isibonelo;
• I-Meningitis, okuqukethe ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi oluzungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla futhi okungaholela ku-bradycardia;
• Isimila esimisweni sezinzwa esiyinhloko, ingadala i-bradycardia ngenxa yengcindezi eyengeziwe eyenzeka ngaphakathi kogebhezi;
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-Intracranial, kungaholela ekwehleni kokushaya kwenhliziyo ngenxa yezinguquko ezibanga ezingeni lobuchopho;
• I-apnea yokulala, okuhambelana nokumisa isikhashana kokuphefumula noma ukuphefumula okungajulile ngesikhathi sokulala, okungabeka engozini ukugeleza kwegazi.

Ezimweni eziningi lezi zimbangela zihambisana nezimpawu ngaphandle kwe-bradycardia, ezinjengobuhlungu enhliziyweni, uma kuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo, ukugodola, esimeni se-hypothermia, isiyezi noma ukungaboni kahle, ku-hypoglycaemia, ne-fever noma ukuqina entanyeni, esimweni se-meningitis.

Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, i-bradycardia ingenzeka ngenxa yokutheleleka ngamagciwane noma amabhaktheriya, njenge-diphtheria, i-rheumatic fever kanye ne-myocarditis, okuwukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo ebangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma amabhaktheriya. Bona ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko nokuthi ungayilapha kanjani i-myocarditis.

Lapho i-bradycardia inzima

I-Bradycardia ingaba nzima uma ibangela ukuvela kwezinye izimpawu ezinjenge:

• Ukukhathala okulula;
• Ubuthakathaka;
• Isiyezi;
• Ukuphefumula okufishane;
• Isikhumba esibandayo;
• Ukuquleka;
• Ubuhlungu besifuba ngendlela yokushisa noma ukuqina;
• Ingcindezi iyancipha;
• UMalaise.

Uma kunanoma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu kubalulekile ukuya kudokotela wenhliziyo ukuze wenze ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe futhi wenze izivivinyo ezingathola inkinga.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-bradycardia kumele kuqondiswe yi-cardiologist futhi kuyehluka kuye ngesizathu, izimpawu nobukhulu. Uma i-bradycardia ihlotshaniswa nesinye isizathu, njenge-hypothyroidism, ukushintsha imithi noma ukwelashwa okufanelekile kwe-hypothyroidism, ingaxazulula i-bradycardia.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kungadingeka ukusebenzisa i-pacemaker, okuyidivayisi efakwe ngokuhlinzwa futhi ehlose ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo esimweni se-bradycardia, isibonelo. Funda kabanzi nge-pacemaker yenhliziyo.