Isiteji Somdlavuza Webele

-Delile

• Isiteji somdlavuza webele
• Isigaba 0
• Isigaba 1
• Isigaba 2
• Isigaba 3
• Isigaba 4
• Umbono

Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza webele kanye nesiteji

Lapho umdlavuza webele utholakala okokuqala, unikezwa nesiteji. Isiteji sisho ubukhulu besimila nalapho sisabalale khona.

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuthola isigaba somdlavuza webele. Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging, njenge-CT scan, i-MRI, i-ultrasound, ne-X-ray, kanye nomsebenzi wegazi kanye ne-biopsy yezicubu zamabele ezithintekile.

Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okungcono kwezinketho zakho zokuxilongwa nokwelashwa, uzofuna ukwazi ukuthi umdlavuza ukulesi sigaba esini. Umdlavuza webele obanjwe phakathi kwezigaba zokuqala kungenzeka ube nombono ongcono kunomdlavuza obanjwe phakathi kwezigaba zakamuva.

Isiteji somdlavuza webele

Inqubo yesiteji inquma ukuthi umdlavuza usakazekile yini ukusuka ebeleni uye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, njengama-lymph node noma izitho ezinkulu. Uhlelo olusetshenziswa kakhulu yiAmerican Joint Committee on Cancer TNM system.

Kuhlelo lwesiteji se-TNM, umdlavuza uhlukaniswa ngokususelwa ezigabeni zabo ze-T, N, ne-M:

• T ikhombisa usayizi we isimila nokuthi selusabalale kangakanani ngaphakathi kwebele nasezindaweni eziseduze.
• N imele ukuthi isabalale kangakanani ku-lymph izindawo.
• UM kuchaza imethastasis, noma sekusabalale kangakanani ezithweni ezikude.

Esigabeni se-TNM, incwadi ngayinye ihlotshaniswa nenombolo ukuchaza ukuthi umdlavuza usuthuthuke kangakanani. Lapho ukutholwa kwesiteji se-TNM sekutholakele, lolu lwazi luhlanganiswa lube inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi “ukuqoqwa kwesiteji.”

Ukuqoqa iziteji kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokubeka iziteji ezigabeni ezisukela ku-0 kuye ku-4. Uma inani liphansi, kuqala isigaba somdlavuza.

Isigaba 0

Lesi sigaba sichaza umdlavuza webele ongahlaseli (“in situ”). I-Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) iyisibonelo somdlavuza wesigaba 0. Ku-DCIS, amangqamuzana angaphambi kwesikhumba kungenzeka ukuthi avele aqala ukwakheka kodwa awazange asabalale ngale kwamapayipi obisi.

Isigaba 1

Lesi sigaba sikhomba ukuhlonza kokuqala komdlavuza webele. Kuleli qophelo, isimila asilingani ngaphezu kwamasentimitha amabili ububanzi (noma cishe u-3/4 intshi). Le mdlavuza webele ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili (1A no-1B) ngokuya ngemigomo ethile.

Isigaba 1A kusho ukuthi isimila singamasentimitha ama-2 noma sincane, nokuthi umdlavuza awusakazekanga ndawo ngaphandle kwebele.

Isigaba 1B kusho ukuthi amaqoqo amancane amangqamuzana omdlavuza webele atholakala kuma-lymph node. Ngokuvamile kulesi sigaba, kungenzeka ukuthi asikho isimila esihlukanisiwe esitholakala esifubeni noma isimila singamasentimitha ama-2 noma sincane.

Isigaba 2

Lesi sigaba sichaza umdlavuza webele ongahlaseli lapho okulandelayo kuyiqiniso:

• Isimila sikala ngaphansi kwamasentimitha ama-2 (3/4 intshi), kepha sisabalalele kuma-lymph node ngaphansi kwengalo.
• Isimila siphakathi kwamasentimitha amabili kuya kwangu-5 (cishe u-3/4 intshi kuya ku-2 amayintshi) futhi kungenzeka noma singasakazeki kuma-lymph node ngaphansi kwengalo.
• Isigaxa sikhulu kunamasentimitha ama-5 (2 amayintshi), kepha asisakazelanga kunoma yimaphi ama-lymph node.
• Asikho isimila esihlukanisiwe esitholakala esifubeni, kepha umdlavuza webele ongaphezu kwamamilimitha amabili utholakala kuma-1-3 lymph node ngaphansi kwengalo noma eduze kwethambo lesifuba.

Umdlavuza webele wesigaba 2 uhlukaniswe ngesigaba 2A no-2B.

Ku- isigaba 2A, asikho isimila esitholakala ebeleni noma isimila sincane kunamasentimitha ama-2. Umdlavuza ungatholakala kuma-lymph node ngalesi sikhathi, noma isimila sikhulu kunamasentimitha ama-2 kepha sincane kunamasentimitha ama-5 kanti umdlavuza awusabalalanga kuma-lymph node.

Ku- isigaba 2B, isimila singaba sikhulu kunamasentimitha ama-2 kodwa sibe sincane kunamasentimitha ama-5, futhi amaseli omdlavuza webele atholakala kuma-lymph node, noma isimila singaphinde sibe sikhulu kunamasentimitha ama-5, kodwa umdlavuza awusabalalanga kuma-lymph node.

Isigaba 3

Umdlavuza wesigaba sesi-3 usudlulele ezicutshini eziningi zamabele nasezindaweni ezizungezile kepha awusakazekanga ezindaweni ezikude zomzimba.

• Isigaba 3A izimila zingaphezulu kwamasentimitha ama-5 (2 amayintshi) futhi zisabalalele kuma-lymph node eyodwa kuya kwamathathu ngaphansi kwengalo, noma zilingana futhi zisabalalele kuma-lymph node amaningi.
• A isigaba 3B isimila sanoma iluphi usayizi sesisabalalele ezicutshini eziseduze nesifuba - imisipha yesikhumba nasesifubeni - futhi kungenzeka ukuthi sisabalalele kuma-lymph node ngaphakathi kwesifuba noma ngaphansi kwengalo.
• Isigaba 3C umdlavuza uyisigaxa sanoma yisiphi isayizi esisakazekile:
  • kuma-lymph node angama-10 noma ngaphezulu ngaphansi kwengalo
  • kuma-lymph node ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kwe-collarbone futhi eduze kwentamo ohlangothini olufanayo lomzimba njengesifuba esithintekile
  • kuma-lymph node ngaphakathi kwebele uqobo nangaphansi kwengalo

Isigaba 4

Umdlavuza webele wesigaba sesine usabalalele ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba, njengamaphaphu, isibindi, amathambo, noma ubuchopho. Kulesi sigaba, umdlavuza ubhekwa njengothuthukile futhi nezindlela zokwelashwa zilinganiselwe kakhulu.

Umdlavuza awuselapheki ngoba kuthinteka izitho ezinkulu. Kepha kusekhona ukwelashwa okungasiza ekuthuthukiseni nasekulondolozeni impilo enhle.

Umbono

Ngoba umdlavuza ungahle ungabi nezimpawu ezibonakalayo phakathi nezigaba zokuqala, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile futhi utshele udokotela wakho uma okuthile kungazizwa kujwayelekile. Umdlavuza wamabele wokuqala ubanjiwe, ngcono amathuba akho okuba nomphumela omuhle.

Ukufunda ngokuxilongwa komdlavuza kungazizwa kukhungathekisa futhi kusabise. Ukuxhumana nabanye abazi ukuthi uhlangabezana nani kungasiza ekudambiseni lokhu kukhathazeka. Thola ukwesekwa kwabanye abaphila nomdlavuza webele.

Thola ukwesekwa kwabanye abaphila nomdlavuza webele. Landa uhlelo lokusebenza lwamahhala lweHealthline lapha.