Ukushisa: Izinhlobo, Ukwelashwa, nokuningi

-Delile

• Izithombe zokusha
• Burn amazinga
• Ukushisa kokuqala
• Ukusha kwesibili
• Ukushisa kwezinga lesithathu
• Izinkinga
• Ukuvimbela wonke amadigri wokusha
• I-Outlook yokusha
• Q:
• A:

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Kuyini ukusha?

Ukushiswa kungenye yokulimala okuvame kakhulu emakhaya, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Igama elithi "ukusha" lisho okungaphezu kokuzwa okushisayo okuhambisana nalokhu kulimala. Ukusha kubonakaliswa umonakalo omkhulu wesikhumba obangela ukuthi amangqamuzana esikhumba athintekayo afe.

Abantu abaningi bangalulama ekushisweni ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi yempilo, kuya ngesizathu nezinga lokulimala. Ukusha okungathi sína kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha ukuvimbela izinkinga nokufa.

Izithombe zokusha

Burn amazinga

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokusha: i-first-, second-, ne-third-degree. Izinga ngalinye lincike ebucayi bokulimala esikhunjeni, ngezinga lokuqala kube yilo elincane kakhulu nelesithathu elibi kakhulu. Ukulimala kufaka phakathi:

• ukusha kwezinga lokuqala: isikhumba esibomvu, esingabhalisiwe
• ukusha kwezinga lesibili: amabhamuza nokunye ukuqina kwesikhumba
• ukusha kwezinga lesithathu: ukushuba okusakazekile okunokubukeka okumhlophe, okunesikhumba

Kukhona nokusha kwezinga lesine. Lolu hlobo lokusha luhlanganisa zonke izimpawu zokusha kwezinga lesithathu futhi ludlulela ngalé kwesikhumba lube imisipha namathambo.

Ukushisa kunezimbangela ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:

• ukushisa oketshezini olushisayo olubilayo
• ukusha kwamakhemikhali
• ukusha kagesi
• imililo, kufaka phakathi amalangabi avela kumameshi, amakhandlela, nokokhela
• ukuchayeka ngokweqile elangeni

Uhlobo lokusha alususelwe embangela yalo. I-Scalding, isibonelo, ingadala ukutsha kokuthathu, kuya ngokuthi kushisa kanjani uketshezi nokuthi luhlala isikhathi esingakanani luthintana nesikhumba.

Ukushiswa ngamakhemikhali nokagesi kudinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha ngenxa yokuthi kungathinta ingaphakathi lomzimba, noma ngabe ukulimala kwesikhumba kuyinto encane.

Ukushisa kokuqala

Ukusha kwezinga lokuqala kubangela ukulimala kwesikhumba okuncane. Zibizwa nangokuthi "ukusha okungaphezulu" ngoba zithinta ungqimba olungaphezulu kakhulu lwesikhumba. Izimpawu zokusha kwezinga lokuqala zifaka:

• ububomvu
• ukuvuvukala okuncane, noma ukuvuvukala
• ubuhlungu
• isikhumba esomile, esixobukayo senzeka njengoba ukusha kuphola

Njengoba lokhu kusha kuthinta ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba, izimpawu nezimpawu ziyanyamalala lapho amangqamuzana esikhumba ekhipha. Ukusha kwezinga lokuqala kuvame ukuphulukisa phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-10 ngaphandle kwesibazi.

Kusafanele ubonane nodokotela wakho uma ukusha kuthinta indawo enkulu yesikhumba, ngaphezu kwamasentimitha amathathu, futhi uma busebusweni bakho noma ijoyini enkulu, efaka:

• idolo
• iqakala
• unyawo
• umgogodla
• ihlombe
• indololwane
• ingalo

Ukusha kwezinga lokuqala kuvame ukuphathwa ngokunakekelwa kwasekhaya. Isikhathi sokuphulukisa singashesha uma usheshe welapha ukusha. Ukwelashwa kokushiswa kwezinga lokuqala kufaka:

• ukufaka isilonda emanzini apholile imizuzu emihlanu noma ngaphezulu
• ukuthatha i-acetaminophen noma ibuprofen yokuqeda izinhlungu
• ukusebenzisa i-lidocaine (i-anesthetic) nge-aloe vera gel noma ukhilimu ukuthambisa isikhumba
• usebenzisa amafutha okulwa namagciwane kanye ne-gauze evulekile ukuvikela indawo ethintekile

Qiniseka ukuthi awusebenzisi iqhwa, ngoba lokhu kungenza umonakalo ube mubi kakhulu. Ungalokothi ufake amabhola kakotini emlilweni ngoba imicu emincane inganamathela ekulimaleni futhi inyuse nengozi yokutheleleka. Futhi, gwema amakhambi asekhaya afana nebhotela namaqanda ngoba lokhu akufakazelwa ukuthi kuyasebenza.

Ukusha kwesibili

Ukusha kwezinga lesibili kubi kakhulu ngoba umonakalo udlulela ngale koqweqwe lwesikhumba. Ukushiswa kwalolu hlobo kudala ukuthi isikhumba siqhume futhi sibe bomvu ngokweqile futhi sibuhlungu.

Amanye amabhamuza avuleka, anikeze ukusha ukubukeka okumanzi noma ukukhala. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izicubu ezijiyile, ezithambile, ezinjengotwayi ezibizwa ngokuthi i-fibrinous exudate zingahle zikhule ngaphezu kwesilonda.

Ngenxa yesimo esibucayi salezi zilonda, ukugcina indawo ihlanzekile nokuyibopha ngendlela efanele kuyadingeka ukuvikela ukutheleleka. Lokhu kusiza nokwelapha okushile ngokushesha.

Okunye ukusha kwezinga lesibili kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amathathu ukuphola, kepha iningi liphulukisa kungakapheli amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu ngaphandle kwesibazi, kepha imvamisa ngokushintshwa kwesikhumba kufakwa esikhunjeni.

Okubi kakhulu lapho amabhamuza eba khona, isikhathi eside ukusha kuzothatha ukuphulukisa. Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, ukuxhumeka kwesikhumba kuyadingeka ukulungisa umonakalo. Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba kuthatha isikhumba esinempilo kusuka kwenye indawo yomzimba bese kusiyisa endaweni yesikhumba esishisiwe.

Njengokusha kwezinga lokuqala, gwema amabhola kakotini namakhambi asekhaya angabazekayo. Ukwelashwa kokushisa okuncane kwesibili ngokuvamile kufaka:

• ukusebenzisa isikhumba ngaphansi kwamanzi apholile imizuzu eyi-15 noma ngaphezulu
• uthatha imishanguzo yezinhlungu ezithengelayo (acetaminophen noma ibuprofen)
• ukufaka ukhilimu wama-antibiotic kuma-blisters

Kodwa-ke, funa ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo uma ukusha kuthinta indawo esabalele, njengokunye kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• ubuso
• izandla
• izinqa
• ukububula
• izinyawo

Ukushisa kwezinga lesithathu

Ngaphandle kokusha kwezinga lesine, ukusha kwezinga lesithathu yikhona okunzima kakhulu. Zibangela umonakalo omkhulu, odlulela kuwo wonke ungqimba lwesikhumba.

Kunombono oyiphutha wokuthi ukusha kwezinga lesithathu kubuhlungu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngalolu hlobo lokusha umonakalo mkhulu kakhulu kangangokuthi kungenzeka kungabi bikho ubuhlungu ngenxa yokulimala kwemizwa.

Ngokuya ngesizathu, izimpawu zokushiswa kwezinga lesithathu zingabonisa zifaka:

• umbala omnyama nomhlophe
• char
• umbala onsundu onsundu
• ukuthungwa nokuphakanyiswa kwesikhumba
• amabhamuza angathuthuki

Ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, la manxeba ayaphola ngokusikeka okukhulu nokuthembana. Awukho umugqa wesikhathi obekiwe wokuphulukiswa okuzenzakalelayo okuphelele kokusha kwezinga lesithathu.

Ungalokothi uzame ukuzitholela ngokwakho ukushisa kwezinga lesithathu. Shayela ku-911 ngokushesha. Ngenkathi ulinde ukwelashwa, phakamisa ukulimala ngaphezu kwenhliziyo yakho. Ungakhumuli, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi azikho izingubo ezinamathele ekushisweni.

Izinkinga

Uma kuqhathaniswa nokusha kwesigaba sokuqala nesesibili, ukusha kwezinga lesithathu kunengozi enkulu yezinkinga, njengokutheleleka, ukopha, nokwethuka, okuvame ukuholelwa ekufeni. Ngasikhathi sinye, konke ukusha kunengozi yokutheleleka ngoba amabhaktheriya angangena esikhunjeni esiphukile.

I-Tetanus kungenye inkinga engenzeka ngokushiswa kwawo wonke amazinga. Njenge-sepsis, i-tetanus ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya. Kuthinta uhlelo lwezinzwa, ekugcineni kuholele ezinkingeni ngokuncipha kwemisipha. Njengomthetho wesithupha, lonke ilungu lomndeni wakho kufanele lithole isibhamu se-tetanus esibuyekeziwe njalo eminyakeni eyishumi ukuvimbela lolu hlobo lokutheleleka.

Ukusha okukhulu kubuye kube nengozi ye-hypothermia ne-hypovolemia. Izinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphansi eliyingozi libonisa i-hypothermia. Yize lokhu kungabonakala njengenkinga engalindelekile yokusha, isimo empeleni sibangelwa ukulahleka ngokweqile kokushisa komzimba ekulimaleni. I-Hypovolemia, noma umthamo wegazi ophansi, wenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa igazi eliningi kakhulu ngenxa yokusha.

Ukuvimbela wonke amadigri wokusha

Indlela esobala yokulwa nokusha ukusivimbela ukuthi singenzeki. Eminye imisebenzi ikubeka engcupheni enkulu yokusha, kepha iqiniso ukuthi ukusha okuningi kwenzeka ekhaya. Izinsana nezingane ezincane yizona ezisengozini enkulu yokusha. Izindlela zokuzivikela ongazithatha ekhaya zifaka:

• Gcina izingane ngaphandle ekhishini ngenkathi upheka.
• Shintsha izibambo zebhodlela ngemuva kwesitofu.
• Beka isicima mlilo ekhishini noma eduze kwaso.
• Hlola imishini yokubhema kanye ngenyanga.
• Shintsha imitshina yokubhema njalo eminyakeni eyishumi.
• Gcina izinga lokushisa lokushisa kwamanzi ngaphansi kuka-120 degrees Fahrenheit.
• Linganisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi okugeza ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
• Khiya umentshisi nokokhela.
• Faka izembozo zikagesi.
• Hlola bese ulahla izintambo zikagesi ngezingcingo eziveziwe.
• Gcina amakhemikhali angatholakali, futhi ugqoke amagilavu ​​lapho usebenzisa amakhemikhali.
• Gqoka i-sunscreen nsuku zonke, futhi ugweme ukukhanya kwelanga okuphezulu.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi yonke imikhiqizo yokubhema ikhishwe ngokuphelele.
• Hlanza izicupho ze-dryer lint njalo.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuba nohlelo lokuphunyuka emlilweni futhi uzijwayeze ngalo nomndeni wakho kanye ngenyanga. Uma kuba nomlilo, qiniseka ukuthi ukhasa ngaphansi komusi. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ingozi yokudlula futhi ubhajwe emlilweni.

I-Outlook yokusha

Lapho welashwa kahle futhi ngokushesha, umbono wokusha kwesigaba sokuqala nesesibili muhle. Lokhu kusha akuvamile ukuba nesibazi kepha kungaholela ekushintsheni kwesikhumba esishisiwe. Okubalulekile ukunciphisa umonakalo owengeziwe nokutheleleka. Ukulimala okukhulu okuvela ekushiseni okunamandla okubili kanye nokwesithathu kungaholela ezinkingeni kwizicubu zesikhumba ezijulile, amathambo nezitho. Iziguli zingadinga:

• ukuhlinzwa
• ukwelashwa ngokomzimba
• ukuvuselelwa
• ukunakekelwa okusiza impilo yonke

Kubalulekile ukuthola ukwelashwa okwanele ngokomzimba kokusha, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthola usizo ngezidingo zakho ezingokomzwelo. Kunamaqembu okweseka atholakala kubantu asebeke babhekana nokusha okukhulu, kanye nabeluleki abaqinisekisiwe. Iya ku-inthanethi noma ukhulume nodokotela wakho ukuthola amaqembu osizo endaweni yangakini. Ungasebenzisa futhi ezinye izinsiza ezifana neBurn Survivor Assistance ne-Children's Burn Foundation.

Q:

Kungani ukulimaza ukushisa kuyingozi?

A:

Ukuthwebula isilonda sokusha kungadambisa ubuhlungu bokuqala obuhambisana nokulimala. Kepha ekugcineni, ukufaka uqweqwe lwenxeba elishisayo kuzonciphisa inqubo yokululama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, uqweqwe lwesilonda esivuthayo kungadala isithwathwa endaweni yesikhumba esivele isonakele futhi ibucayi. Kungcono ukuqhuba isilonda sokusha ngaphansi kwamanzi apholile futhi umboze indawo nge-gauze ehlanzekile ngaphandle kwamafutha.