Umdlavuza webele emadodeni: izimpawu eziyinhloko, ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele wesilisa
• Ingabe likhona ikhambi lomdlavuza webele emadodeni?
• Ungayibona kanjani
• Izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele emadodeni
• Yelashwa kanjani

Umdlavuza webele nawo ungakhula emadodeni, njengoba enezindlala ezincelisayo kanye namahomoni abesifazane, yize engajwayelekile. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza aluvamile futhi luvame kakhulu emadodeni aphakathi kweminyaka engama-50 nengama-65, ikakhulukazi uma kunezimo zomdlavuza webele noma wesibeletho emndenini.

Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza webele wesilisa kubambezelekile, njengoba amadoda engavamisile ukuya kudokotela lapho izimpawu zimnene. Ngakho-ke, amangqamuzana e-tumor aqhubeka nokwanda, futhi ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kuphela esigabeni esithuthuke kakhulu sesifo. Ngakho-ke, umdlavuza webele unesibikezelo esibi kakhulu emadodeni uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamabele wesilisa kufana nokwelashwa komdlavuza wabesifazane, kukhonjiswa nge-mastectomy kanye ne-chemotherapy. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukuxilongwa, ezimweni eziningi, sekwephuzile, izinga lempumelelo yokwelapha liyancipha.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele wesilisa

Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele wesilisa zifaka:

• Isigaxa noma isigaxa esifubeni, ngemuva kwengono noma ngaphansi nje kwe-areola, okungabangeli ubuhlungu;
• Ingono iphendukele ngaphakathi;
• Ubuhlungu endaweni ethile yesifuba obonakala isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuvela kwe-nodule;
• Isikhumba esishwabene noma esinamagagasi;
• Phuma kwegazi noma uketshezi ngengono;
• Ubomvu noma ukuxebuka kwesikhumba sebele noma ingono;
• Izinguquko kumthamo webele;
• Ukuvuvuka kwamakhwapha emakhwapheni.

Iningi lamacala omdlavuza webele awunazo izimpawu okulula ukuzikhomba futhi, ngakho-ke, amadoda anezinkinga zomdlavuza webele emndenini kufanele axwayise isazi semithi ukuba sihlolwe njalo ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50 ukuthola izinguquko ezingakhombisa umdlavuza.

Yize kungavamile, umdlavuza webele emadodeni ungathandwa ngezinye izinto ngaphezu komlando womndeni, njengokusebenzisa ama-estrogens, izinkinga ezinzima zesibindi, izinguquko kumasende, ukwanda kwezicubu zamabele ngenxa yokusebenzisa imithi kanye nokuchayeka emisebeni isikhathi eside. Yazi ezinye izimbangela zobuhlungu besifuba emadodeni.

Ingabe likhona ikhambi lomdlavuza webele emadodeni?

Kunamathuba amakhulu okwelashwa lapho umdlavuza utholakala ekuqaleni, kepha-ke, ukutholakala kuvame kakhulu esigabeni esithuthuke kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuyekethiswa. Ubungako be-nodule kanye ne-ganglia ethintekile kufanele kucatshangelwe, kuvame ukuba nethuba elikhulu lokufa lapho i-nodule ingaphezu kuka-2.5 cm futhi kuthinteka ama-ganglia amaningana. Njengabesifazane, amadoda amnyama nalabo abanezinguquko kugciwane i-BRCA2 mancane amathuba okuthi belaphe.

Ungayibona kanjani

Ukuhlonza izimpawu nezimpawu zomdlavuza wamabele wesilisa nakho kungenziwa ngokuzihlola, ngendlela efanayo nokwenziwa kwabesifazane, ukuze indoda ikwazi ukubona ubukhona besigaxa esinzima esifubeni, ngaphezu kwesifo ubukhona bezinye izimpawu njengokuphuma kwengono nobuhlungu. Thola ukuthi ukuzihlola amabele kwenziwa kanjani.

Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza webele emadodeni kufanele kwenziwe yi-mastologist ngezivivinyo ezifana ne-mammography, i-ultrasound yebele elandelwa yi-biopsy. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela futhi angancoma ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ikakhulukazi izakhi zofuzo, i-X-ray yesifuba, i-scintigraphy yamathambo kanye nesifuba nesisu sesisu ukuze kubhekwe ubukhulu besifo, okungukuthi, uma kunezimpawu ezibonisa imastastasis.

Lezi zivivinyo zibalulekile futhi ukubheka ukuthi ngabe ushintsho olukhonjwe yindoda ngempela ngumdlavuza webele, njengoba lungaba izinguquko ezinobungozi, njengoba kunjalo nge-gynecomastia, lapho kunokuthuthuka okukhulu kwezicubu zesifuba sowesilisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingakhombisa nokuba khona kwezicubu ezinobungozi, njenge-fibroadenoma, evame ukuvalelwa ezicutshini zamabele, ezingabonakali ingozi, futhi engaziwa kaningi emadodeni.

Izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele emadodeni

Izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele wesilisa kungaba:

• I-Ductal Carcinoma Esimweni: amangqamuzana omdlavuza akha emifubeni yamabele, kodwa angahlaseli noma asakaze ngaphandle kwebele futhi cishe ayelapheka ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokuhlinzwa;
• I-Carcinoma Ehlasela I-Ductal: ifinyelela odongeni lwamanzi futhi ikhule ngezicubu eziyindlala zesifuba. Ingasakazeka kwezinye izitho futhi ilandele ama-80% wamathumba;
• I-Lobular Carcinoma Ehlasela: ikhula ku-lobe yesifuba futhi ihambelana nohlobo lwe-rarest emadodeni;
• Isifo sikaPaget: iqala emibeleni yamabele futhi ibangele ukuqina kwengono, izikali, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala, ububomvu nokopha. Isifo sikaPaget singahlotshaniswa ne-ductal carcinoma in situ noma nge-carcinoma ehlaselayo ye-ductal;
• Umdlavuza Webele Wokuvuvukala: kuyivelakancane kakhulu emadodeni futhi kuqukethe ukuvuvukala kwesifuba okubangela ukuvuvukala, ububomvu nokushisa, ngokungafani nokwakha isigaxa;

Akwaziwa kahle ukuthi yini engadala umdlavuza webele emadodeni, kodwa ezinye izinto ezibonakala zisebenzisana ukuguga, isifo sesifuba ebesikade singenabungozi, isifo samasende nokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, njengeKlinefelter Syndrome, ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwama-anabolics noma ama-estrogens, imisebe, ukuphuza ngokweqile nokukhuluphala ngokweqile.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele emadodeni kuyahluka kuye ngezinga lesifo esithuthukayo, kepha kuvame ukuqala ngokuhlinzwa ukususa zonke izicubu ezithintekile, kufaka phakathi ingono kanye ne-areola, inqubo ebizwa nge-mastectomy, kanye nezilimi ezivuvukele.

Lapho umdlavuza usuthuthuke kakhulu, kungenzeka kungakhishwa wonke amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kungadingeka ukwenza ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezifana ne-chemotherapy, i-radiotherapy noma i-hormonal therapy, nge-tamoxifen, ngokwesibonelo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi welashwa kanjani umdlavuza webele.