Izimpawu Ezixwayisa Ngomdlavuza

-Delile

• Umdlavuza ovame kakhulu
• Ukwehla kwesisindo
• Imfiva
• Ukwehla kwegazi
• Ubuhlungu nokukhathala
• Ukukhwehlela okungapheli
• Izinguquko zesikhumba
• Izinguquko ekugayeni
• Ukujuluka ebusuku
• Umdlavuza ongenazo izimpawu zokuxwayisa
• Umbono

Ukubuka konke

Abaphenyi sebenze inqubekela phambili enkulu ekulweni nomdlavuza. Noma kunjalo, ukulinganisa ukuthi kuzoba namacala amasha angu-1,735,350 atholakele e-United States ngo-2018.

Ngokombono womhlaba jikelele, umdlavuza ungenye yezimbangela eziholela ekufeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Kwesinye isikhathi ingaqala ngaphandle kwesixwayiso. Kepha iningi lamacala linezimpawu zokuxwayisa. Ngokushesha lapho uthola khona izimpawu zomdlavuza, aba ngcono amathuba okusinda.

Umdlavuza ovame kakhulu

Ngokusho kwe, le mdlavuza elandelayo idlange kakhulu e-United States, ngaphandle komdlavuza wesikhumba we-nonmelanoma:

• umdlavuza wesinye
• umdlavuza webele
• umdlavuza wekoloni nowesikhumba
• umdlavuza we-endometrium
• umdlavuza wezinso
• i-leukemia
• umdlavuza wesibindi
• umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• i-melanoma
• i-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• umdlavuza wepancreatic
• umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa
• umdlavuza wegilo

Umdlavuza webele nowamaphaphu yiwona ovame kakhulu kulezi, njengoba kutholakala abantu baseMelika abangaphezu kwama-200,000 unyaka ngamunye. Uma kuqhathaniswa, kunezigameko ezintsha ezingaphansi kwama-60,000 zesifo somdlavuza wesibindi, i-pancreatic, noma i-thyroid unyaka nonyaka.

Izigidi zabantu empeleni zitholakala zinomdlavuza wesikhumba i-nonmelanoma unyaka nonyaka, okwenza kube umdlavuza ovame kakhulu ezweni. Kodwa-ke, abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo akudingeki ukuthi bahambise imininingwane emayelana nayo kubhalisi lomdlavuza, okwenza inani eliqondile lamacala kube nzima ukukhomba.

I-Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) nomdlavuza wamangqamuzana angama-squamous (SCC) yizinhlobo ezimbili zomdlavuza wesikhumba we-nonmelanoma. Umdlavuza wesikhumba we-Nonmelanoma kuyaqabukela ubulale, okuholela ekufeni komdlavuza unyaka nonyaka.

Izimpawu eziqondile zingahluka phakathi kwezinhlobo zomdlavuza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminye imidlavuza, njengaleyo yamanyikwe, kungenzeka ingazibangeli izimpawu khona manjalo.

Noma kunjalo, kunezimpawu ezithile zokubika okufanele uziqaphele.

Ukwehla kwesisindo

Njengoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza ehlasela aphilile, umzimba wakho ungaphendula ngokunciphisa umzimba.

Ngokusho kwe-American Cancer Society (ACS), abantu abaningi balahlekelwa amakhilogremu ayishumi noma ngaphezulu ngokungalindelekile ngaphambi kokuxilongwa komdlavuza. Eqinisweni, lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuqala lomdlavuza.

Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki kungabangelwa ezinye izimo zempilo, njenge-hyperthyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi ngokweqile). Umehluko ngomdlavuza ukuthi ukwehla kwesisindo kungafika ngokungazelelwe. Ivelele kakhulu kumdlavuza we:

• ingono
• amaphaphu
• amanyikwe
• isisu

Imfiva

Imfiva iyimpendulo yomzimba ekuthelelekeni noma ekuguleni. Abantu abanomdlavuza bavame ukuba nomkhuhlane njengophawu. Ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi umdlavuza ususakazekile noma ukuthi usesigabeni esithuthukile.

Imfiva ayivamile ukuba yisifo sokuqala somdlavuza, kepha kungaba njalo uma umuntu enomdlavuza wegazi, njenge-leukemia noma i-lymphoma.

Ukwehla kwegazi

Amanye umdlavuza nawo angadala ukopha okungavamile. Isibonelo, umdlavuza wekoloni noma we-rectal ungadala izitulo ezinegazi, kanti igazi emchameni lingaba uphawu lomdlavuza wesinye noma wesinye. Kubalulekile ukubika lezo zimpawu noma yikuphi ukukhishwa okungajwayelekile kudokotela wakho ukuze akuhlaziye.

Ukwehla kwegazi kungahle kuqondakale kakhulu kumdlavuza wesisu, ngoba kungaba ukopha kwangaphakathi kuphela futhi kunzima ukukuthola.

Ubuhlungu nokukhathala

Ukukhathala okungachazeki kungaba esinye isibonakaliso somdlavuza. Empeleni kungenye yezimpawu ezivame kakhulu. Ukukhathala okungabonakali kuhamba yize ukulala ngokwanele kungaba uphawu lwenkinga yezempilo eyisisekelo - umdlavuza ungenye yezinto ezingenzeka.

Ukukhathala kugqame kakhulu ku-leukemia, ngokwe-ACS. Ukukhathala kungabuye kuhlotshaniswe nokulahleka kwegazi kweminye imidlavuza.

Kwezinye izimo, umdlavuza osakazekile, noma we-metastasized, ungadala ubuhlungu. Isibonelo, ubuhlungu beqolo bungaba khona kumdlavuza we:

• ikholoni
• indlala yesinye
• amaqanda
• unxande

Ukukhwehlela okungapheli

Ukukhwehlela kungenzeka nganoma yiziphi izizathu. Kuyindlela yemvelo yomzimba wakho yokususa izinto ezingafuneki. Umkhuhlane, ukungezwani nezinto ezithile, umkhuhlane, noma ngisho nomswakama ophansi kungaholela ekukhwehleleni.

Uma kukhulunywa ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu, noma kunjalo, ukukhwehlela kungaqhubeka isikhathi eside yize kunamakhambi. Ukukhwehlela kungenzeka kaningi, futhi kungadala ukusha. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ungakhwehlela ngisho negazi.

Ukukhwehlela okungapheli kwesinye isikhathi kuyisibonakaliso somdlavuza wegilo.

Izinguquko zesikhumba

Izinguquko zesikhumba zivame ukuxhunyaniswa nomdlavuza wesikhumba, lapho ama-moles noma izinsumpa zishintsha noma zikhulise khona. Izinguquko ezithile zesikhumba zingakhombisa nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza.

Isibonelo, amabala amhlophe emlonyeni angakhombisa umdlavuza womlomo. Izigaxa noma izigaxa ezingaphansi kwesikhumba kungaba izicubu, njengomdlavuza webele.

Umdlavuza ungadala ezinye izinguquko zesikhumba, njenge:

• ukukhula kwezinwele
• i-hyperpigmentation, noma izindawo ezimnyama
• i-jaundice, noma amehlo nesikhumba esiphuzi
• ububomvu

Izinguquko zesikhumba ngenxa yomdlavuza wesikhumba zingafaka nezilonda ezingapheli noma izilonda ezipholayo nezibuya.

Izinguquko ekugayeni

Eminye imidlavuza ingaholela ezinkingeni ngokudla, njengobunzima bokugwinya, ukushintsha kwesifiso, noma ubuhlungu ngemuva kokudla.

Umuntu onomdlavuza wesisu kungenzeka angabi nazo izimpawu eziningi, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, umdlavuza ungadala izimpawu ezinjengokugaya ukudla, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza nokuqunjelwa.

Ukugwinya okunenkinga kungaxhunyaniswa nomdlavuza ohlukile wekhanda nentamo, kanye nomdlavuza wokuqunjelwa.

Kodwa-ke, akuwona kuphela umdlavuza womgudu wamathumbu (GI) ongadala lezi zimpawu. Umdlavuza we-Ovarian nawo ungahlotshaniswa nokuqunjelwa noma umuzwa wokugcwala ongeke uhambe. Isicanucanu nokuhlanza nakho kungaba uphawu lomdlavuza wobuchopho.

Ukujuluka ebusuku

Ukujuluka ebusuku kukhulu kakhulu kunokujuluka okuncane noma ukuzizwa ufudumele kakhulu. Imvamisa zibangela ukuthi ucwiliswe umjuluko. Njengezinye izimpawu ezishiwo phambilini, ukujuluka ebusuku kungenzeka ngezizathu eziningi ezingahlobene nomdlavuza.

Kodwa-ke, ukujuluka ebusuku nakho kungaxhunyaniswa nezigaba zokuqala zomdlavuza eziningana, kusuka ku-leukemia kuya ku-lymphoma kuya kumdlavuza wesibindi.

Umdlavuza ongenazo izimpawu zokuxwayisa

Ngenkathi izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza zinezimpawu, ezinye izinhlobo zihlakaniphile.

Umdlavuza wepancreatic kungenzeka ungaholeli kunoma yiziphi izimpawu noma izimpawu uze udlulele esigabeni esithuthukile. Umlando womndeni, kanye nokuvuvukala okuvamile kwe-pancreatic, kungakhuphula ubungozi bakho. Uma kunjalo, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuhlolwa komdlavuza okuvamile.

Ezinye izimo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu zingaholela kuphela kwizimpawu nezimpawu ezicashile ngaphandle kwesikhwehlela esaziwayo. Izinhlobo ezithile zingadala ukwanda kwamazinga e-calcium egazi, uphawu olungatholakali ngaphandle komsebenzi webhu.

Umdlavuza wezinso, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zawo zangaphambili, kungenye indlela engahle ingabangeli izimpawu ezibonakalayo. Umdlavuza wezinso omkhulu noma osethuthuke kakhulu ungaholela ezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu ohlangothini olulodwa, igazi emchameni, noma ukukhathala. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimpawu zivame ukubangelwa ezinye izimbangela ezinobungozi.

Umbono

Ngokusho kwalaba bantu, abantu abayi-609,640 balinganiselwa ukuthi babulawa ngumdlavuza ngo-2018. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-ACS ilinganisela ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-20 kulindeleke ukuthi basinde kumdlavuza ngonyaka ka-2026.

Ukhiye wokusinda komdlavuza ukuphatha impilo yakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ungaphuthelwa ukuhlolwa kwakho konyaka, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi wenza konke ukuhlolwa njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho - lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma umdlavuza othile usebenza emndenini wakho.

Ngokubhekana nezimpawu zokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi, ungathuthukisa amathuba akho okuthi ekugcineni ungabi nomdlavuza.