Ukuqina kwe-cardiomyopathy: kuyini, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona ze-cardiomyopathy evulekile
• Yelashwa kanjani
• 1. Izidakamizwa ezinomfutho wegazi ophezulu
• 2. Izidakamizwa
• 3. I-Digitálico
• 4. Ama-Anticoagulants
• 5. Umenzi wePacemaker
• 6. Ukufakelwa inhliziyo
• Izinkinga ezingenzeka
• Ungayivimba kanjani i-cardiomyopathy eseluliwe

I-cardiomyopathy eqinisiwe yisifo esidala ukunwebeka ngokweqile kwemisipha yenhliziyo, okwenza kube nzima ukupompa igazi kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba, okungaholela ekwakhekeni kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, i-arrhythmia, amahlule egazi noma ukufa okungazelelwe.

Lolu hlobo lwe-cardiomyopathy luvame kakhulu emadodeni aphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-50 ubudala, yize ingenzeka noma nini, kubandakanya nezingane, futhi kungenzeka ingazivezi izimpawu okulula ukuzibona. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kukhona ubunzima enhliziyweni yokupompa igazi, umuntu angazizwa ekhathele, ebuthakathaka noma ephefumula kanzima, futhi kunconywa ukuthi uye kudokotela wenhliziyo ukuze kwenziwe izivivinyo futhi afinyelele esiphethweni sokuxilongwa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-cardiomyopathy eseluliwe kukhonjiswa ngudokotela wenhliziyo ngokuya ngezimpawu, izimbangela nobukhulu besifo, futhi kungadingeka ukubeka i-pacemaker ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu. Indlela engcono yokuvimbela izinkinga ze-cardiomyopathy ehlanjululwayo ukulandelela njalo nge-cardiologist.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu ze-cardiomyopathy ehlanjululwe ngokuvamile zifana nezimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma i-arrhythmia futhi zifaka:

• Ukukhathala ngokweqile njalo;
• Ubuthakathaka;
• Ukuphefumula okuncane ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla komzimba, ekuphumuleni noma lapho ulele ngomhlane;
• Kunzima ukuzivocavoca noma emisebenzini yansuku zonke;
• Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni, emaqakaleni noma ezinyaweni;
• Ukuvuvukala ngokweqile esiswini;
• Ubuhlungu besifuba;
• Ukuzwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile;
• Ukuzwa komsindo enhliziyweni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umfutho wegazi ungaba phansi ngenxa yobunzima benhliziyo ekupompa igazi.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwe-cardiomyopathy eseluliwe kufanele kwenziwe ngudokotela wenhliziyo ngokuya ngezimpawu, ukuhlolwa komlando womuntu siqu nowomndeni, ukuhlolwa komtholampilo nokuhlolwa okuthile okufana nesifuba i-X-ray, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, i-electrocardiogram, ukuhlolwa kweHolter, i-echocardiogram, ukuhlolwa kokuzivocavoca i-computed tomography, i-resonance kazibuthe, i-catheterization noma i-biopsy yenhliziyo, ngokwesibonelo. Thola ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kukaHolter.

Isazi senhliziyo singase futhi sicele ukuhlolwa kofuzo ukukhomba ukuthi ngabe i-cardiomyopathy ebandisiwe kungenzeka ibangelwe yizici zofuzo.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona ze-cardiomyopathy evulekile

Imbangela ye-cardiomyopathy eseluliwe, imvamisa, ayikwazi ukubonwa, ibizwa ngokuthi yi-idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimbangela eziholela ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo zifaka:

• I-arrhythmia yenhliziyo;
• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo;
• Isifo sikashukela;
• Ukukhuluphala;
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu;
• Ukuphuza ngokweqile;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine noma i-amphetamine;
• Ukusetshenziswa okungapheli kwemithi efana ne-corticosteroids;
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ngemithi efana ne-doxorubicin, i-epirubicin, i-daunorubicin noma i-cyclophosphamide;
• Isifo se-Chagas noma i-toxoplasmosis;
• Izifo ezizenzakalelayo njenge-rheumatoid arthritis noma i-systemic lupus erythematosus;
• Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane afana IStreptococcus, iStaphylococcus, iSalmonella, iMycoplasma noma UChlamydia;
• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane afana ne-adenovirus, parvovirus, herpes virus, hepatitis C virus noma i-Covid-19;
• Ukuvezwa ubuthi obufana nomthofu, i-mercury noma i-cobalt;
• Izinkinga ekukhulelweni sekwedlule isikhathi;
• Ukukhubazeka okuzalwa okwenzeka lapho kuzalwa ingane.

I-cardiomyopathy eqinisiwe nayo ingavela ngenxa yezinkinga zofuzo, ngakho-ke, kuvame kakhulu ezigulini ezinomlando womndeni wesifo, ikakhulukazi uma zithinta noma umzali.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-cardiomyopathy evulekile kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu, ngaphansi kokuqondiswa yi-cardiologist, ukugwema izinkinga ezifana ne-pulmonary embolism noma ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo, isibonelo.

Ukwelashwa kungenziwa nge:

1. Izidakamizwa ezinomfutho wegazi ophezulu

Amanye ama-antihypertensives angasetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-cardiomyopathy esetshenzisiwe njengoba esiza ukwenza ngcono ukuvuleka kwemikhumbi futhi andise ukugeleza kwegazi, ngaphezu kokwenza lula umsebenzi wenhliziyo. Amakilasi we-antihypertensive asetshenziswa kakhulu yilezi:

• Ama-enzyme inhibitor aguqula i-Angiotensin njenge-captopril, i-enalapril noma i-lisinopril;
• Ama-Angiotensin blocker njenge-losartan, i-valsartan noma i-candesartan;
• Abavimbela i-Beta njenge-carvedilol noma i-bisoprolol.

Le mithi ingasiza futhi ekwelapheni noma ekuvimbeleni ukuqala kwama-arrhythmias.

2. Izidakamizwa

I-diuretics, efana ne-furosemide noma i-indapamide, ingasetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-cardiomyopathy ehlanjululwayo ukususa uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni, ibavimbele ekuqongeleleni emithanjeni nokwenza kube nzima ukushaya inhliziyo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisu sidambisa ukuvuvukala emilenzeni nasezinyaweni okubangelwa yilesi sifo namaphaphu, okusiza ekuphefumuleni kangcono.

3. I-Digitálico

I-digitalis esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-cardiomyopathy esetshenzisiwe yi-digoxin esebenza ngokuqinisa imisipha yenhliziyo, ukwenza lula ukuphambana nokuvumela ukupompa kwegazi okuthe xaxa.

Lo muthi ubuye usize ukunciphisa izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, okusiza ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo.

Kodwa-ke, i-digoxin iyisidakamizwa esinobuthi futhi idinga ukulandelwa kaningi kwezokwelapha nokuhlolwa.

4. Ama-Anticoagulants

Ama-anticoagulants afana ne-warfarin noma i-aspirin enza ngokwehlisa i-viscosity yegazi, enza lula ukupompa kwayo nokuvimbela ukuvela kwamahlule angadala ukubola noma imivimbo, isibonelo.

5. Umenzi wePacemaker

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lapho ukwelashwa kungenziwanga kahle noma isifo sitholwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, udokotela futhi angancoma ukuhlinzwa ukuze kufakwe umshini wokushaya inhliziyo enhliziyweni ukuze kuqondiswe imizwa kagesi yenhliziyo, yenze lula umsebenzi wayo futhi ilawule ukushaya kwenhliziyo .

6. Ukufakelwa inhliziyo

Ukufakelwa kwenhliziyo kunganconywa udokotela wakho uma kungekho ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa eziphumelelayo, njengokusebenzisa imishanguzo noma i-pacemaker. Bona ukuthi ukufakelwa inhliziyo kwenziwa kanjani.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Izinkinga ezandiswe yi-cardiomyopathy ezingadala ukuthi:

• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo;
• I-arrhythmia yenhliziyo;
• Inkinga ye-valve yenhliziyo;
• Ukuthola uketshezi emaphashini, esiswini, emilenzeni nasezinyaweni;
• Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cardiomyopathy ehlungiwe ingakhuphula ubungozi bamahlule egazi nokuthuthuka kwe-pulmonary embolism, infarction noma stroke.

Ungayivimba kanjani i-cardiomyopathy eseluliwe

Ezinye izinyathelo zingasiza ukuvimbela noma ukunciphisa ukulimala kwe-cardiomyopathy ehlanganisiwe njenge:

• Ungabhemi;
• Ungaphuzi utshwala noma uphuze ngokulinganisela;
• Ungasebenzisi izidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine noma i-amphetamines;
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo;
• Yenza izivivinyo ezinconywe ngudokotela;
• Lala okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayisi-9 ebusuku.

Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalo kadokotela futhi udle ukudla okunomsoco ophansi kunamafutha, ushukela noma usawoti. Bheka uhlu lokudla okulungele inhliziyo.