Imithi Okufanele Uyigweme Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa

-Delile

• Lapho ugula futhi ukhulelwe
• I-chloramphenicol
• I-Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) ne-levofloxacin
• Isandulela
• AmaSulfonamides
• I-Trimethoprim (Primsol)
• ICodeine
• I-Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
• I-Warfarin (Coumadin)
• I-Clonazepam (Klonopin)
• I-Lorazepam (Ativan)
• Uhlelo olusha lwelebula le-FDA
• Ukukhulelwa
• Ukwehliswa kwesikhumba
• Abesifazane nabesilisa abanamandla okuzala
• Okubalulekile

Lapho ugula futhi ukhulelwe

Ngemithetho mayelana nemithi yokukhulelwa eguqukayo njalo, kungazizwa kukhungathekisa ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma uzizwa ugula.

Imvamisa kwehla ukukala izinzuzo zomama onesimo sempilo - ngisho nesinye esilula njengekhanda - ngokumelene nezingozi ezingaba khona enganeni yakhe ekhulayo.

Inkinga: Ososayensi abakwazi ukwenza ngokokuziphatha ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa kowesifazane okhulelwe. Akunembile ukusho ukuthi umuthi uphephile ngamaphesenti ayi-100 kowesifazane okhulelwe (ngoba nje akukaze kufundwe noma kuhlolwe).

Esikhathini esedlule, imithi yayinikezwa. Isigaba A bekuyisigaba esiphephe kunazo zonke semithi ongasithatha. Izidakamizwa esigabeni X zazingakaze zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ngo-2015, i-Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) yaqala ukusebenzisa uhlelo olusha lokulebula izidakamizwa.

Ngezansi kwesampula semithi embalwa esazi ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele bayigweme.

Imithi elwa namagciwane ivame ukuxhunyaniswa nokusabela okungathandeki kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.

I-chloramphenicol

I-chloramphenicol iyi-antibiotic evame ukunikezwa njengomjovo. Lesi sidakamizwa singadala ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwegazi ne-grey baby syndrome.

I-Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) ne-levofloxacin

I-Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) ne-levofloxacin nazo ziyizinhlobo zama-antibiotic. Le mithi ingadala izinkinga ngemisipha yengane nokukhula kwamathambo kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga kanye nokulimala kwezinzwa okungenzeka kumama.

I-Ciprofloxacin ne-levofloxacin womabili angama-antibiotic e-fluoroquinolone.

Ama-fluoroquinolones angakwazi. Lokhu kungadala ukopha okusongela impilo. Abantu abanomlando wama-aneurysms noma izifo ezithile zenhliziyo bangaba sengozini eyengeziwe yemiphumela emibi.

I-Fluoroquinolones nayo ingakhuphula amathuba okuphuphunyelwa yisisu, ngokusho kocwaningo lwango-2017.

Isandulela

I-Primaquine yisidakamizwa esisetshenziselwa ukwelapha umalaleveva. Ayikho idatha eningi kubantu abathathe lo muthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kepha izifundo zezilwane ziphakamisa ukuthi kuyingozi ekukhuliseni imibungu. Kungalimaza amangqamuzana egazi embungwini.

AmaSulfonamides

I-Sulfonamides iyiqembu lemithi elwa namagciwane. Zaziwa futhi njengezidakamizwa ze-sulfa.

Iningi lalezi zinhlobo zemithi lisetshenziselwa ukubulala amagciwane nokwelapha ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Bangadala i-jaundice ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. I-Sulfonamides nayo ingakhuphula amathuba okukhulelwa kwesisu.

I-Trimethoprim (Primsol)

I-Trimethoprim (Primsol) uhlobo lwama-antibiotic. Lapho ithathwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, lesi sidakamizwa singadala ukukhubazeka kwe-neural tube. Lokhu kukhubazeka kuthinta ukukhula kobuchopho enganeni ekhulayo.

ICodeine

ICodeine umuthi kadokotela osetshenziselwa ukudambisa izinhlungu. Kwezinye izifundazwe, i-codeine ingathengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela njengomuthi wokukhwehlela. Isidakamizwa sinamandla okwenza umkhuba. Kungabangela izimpawu zokuhoxa ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.

I-Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)

Ukweqiwa okuphezulu kwalokhu kunciphisa izinhlungu kwe-OTC kungadala izinkinga eziningi ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi:

• ukukhulelwa kwesisu
• ukuqala kokubambezeleka komsebenzi
• ukuvalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwe-fetus ductus arteriosus, umthambo obalulekile
• i-jaundice
• ukopha komama nengane
• necrotizing enterocolitis, noma ukulimala ulwelwesi lwamathumbu
• i-oligohydramnios, noma amazinga aphansi we-amniotic fluid
• i-fetal kernicterus, uhlobo lokulimala kobuchopho
• amazinga kavithamini K angajwayelekile

Iningi lochwepheshe liyavuma ukuthi i-ibuprofen mhlawumbe iphephile ukuyisebenzisa ngemithamo emincane ukuya kokulinganisela ekukhulelweni kokuqala.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugwema ibuprofen phakathi ne-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa, noma kunjalo. Ngalesi sigaba sokukhulelwa, ibuprofen kungenzeka kakhulu ibangele ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo enganeni ekhulayo.

I-Warfarin (Coumadin)

I-Warfarin (i-Coumadin) i-thinner yegazi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha amahlule egazi kanye nokuwavimbela. Kungadala ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa.

Kufanele kugwenywe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngaphandle kokuthi ubungozi begazi buyingozi kakhulu kunengozi yokulimaza ingane.

I-Clonazepam (Klonopin)

IClonazepam (iKlonopin) isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuqubuka kanye nokuphazamiseka kovalo. Kwesinye isikhathi kunqunywa ukwelapha ukuhlaselwa ukukhathazeka noma ukwethuka.

Ukuthatha i-clonazepam ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaholela ezimpawu zokuhoxa ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.

I-Lorazepam (Ativan)

ILorazepam (Ativan) umuthi ojwayelekile osetshenziselwa ukukhathazeka noma ezinye izifo zempilo yengqondo. Kungadala ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa noma izimpawu zokuhoxa ezisongela impilo enganeni ngemuva kokuzalwa.

Uhlelo olusha lwelebula le-FDA

Amalebula ezidakamizwa abala uhlu lwezigaba zezincwadi zokukhulelwa azosuswa ngokuphelele.

Inothi elilodwa elibalulekile mayelana nohlelo olusha lokulebula ukuthi aluthinti nhlobo imishanguzo ye-over-the-counter (OTC). Isetshenziselwa kuphela imishanguzo kadokotela.

Ukukhulelwa

Isigatshana sokuqala selebuli entsha sinesihloko esithi "Ukukhulelwa."

Lesi sigatshana sifaka imininingwane efanele mayelana nomuthi, ulwazi ngobungozi, nolwazi lokuthi umuthi ungabathinta kanjani abasebenzi noma ukulethwa. Uma kukhona okukhona komuthi, imininingwane ekubhalweni (nokutholakele kwayo) nayo izofakwa kulesi sigatshana.

Ukubhaliswa kokuvezwa kokukhulelwa kuyizifundo eziqoqa imininingwane ngemithi ehlukahlukene nemiphumela yazo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, abesifazane abancelisayo, nasezinsaneni zabo. Lokhu kubhaliswa akwenziwa yi-FDA.

Abesifazane abanentshisekelo yokubamba iqhaza ebhukwini lokuchayeka kokukhulelwa bangazinikela, kepha ukubamba iqhaza akudingeki.

Ukwehliswa kwesikhumba

Isigatshana sesibili selebuli entsha sinesihloko esithi “Lactation.”

Le ngxenye yelebula ifaka imininingwane yabesifazane abancelisayo. Imininingwane efana nenani lomuthi ozoba khona obisini lwebele kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yomuthi enganeni esancelisayo inikezwa kulesi sigaba. Idatha efanele ifakiwe.

Abesifazane nabesilisa abanamandla okuzala

Isigatshana sesithathu selebuli entsha sinesihloko esithi “Abesifazane nabesilisa abanamandla okuzala.”

Lesi sigaba sifaka imininingwane yokuthi ngabe abesifazane abasebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa kufanele bahlolwe ukukhulelwa noma basebenzise izindlela ezithile zokuvimbela inzalo. Kubandakanya nemininingwane mayelana nomphumela wesidakamizwa ekuzaleni.

Okubalulekile

Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi umuthi uphephile yini ukuwuthatha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, buza udokotela wakho. Futhi, buza ngezifundo ezibuyekeziwe, njengoba amalebula ezidakamizwa zokukhulelwa angashintsha ngocwaningo olusha.

UChaunie Brusie, BSN, ungumhlengikazi obhalisiwe kwezabasebenzi nasekubelethweni, ukunakekelwa okubucayi nokunakekelwa kwesikhathi eside. Uhlala eMichigan nomyeni wakhe nezingane ezine ezisencane futhi ungumbhali we “Imigqa Emincane Eblue. ”