I-catheterization yenhliziyo: kuyini, kwenziwa kanjani nezingozi ezingaba khona

-Delile

• Yenzelwe ini
• I-catheterization yenhliziyo yenziwa kanjani
• Yikuphi ukunakekelwa okudingekayo
• Izingozi ezingenzeka ze-catheterization

I-catheterization yenhliziyo yinqubo engasetshenziselwa ukuxilonga noma ukwelapha isifo senhliziyo, esiqukethe ukwethulwa kwe-catheter, okuyishubhu eguquguqukayo ecekeceke kakhulu, emthanjeni wengalo, noma emlenzeni, kuze kufike enhliziyweni. I-catheterization yenhliziyo ingaziwa nangokuthi i-coronary angiography.

Lolu hlobo lwenqubo lungakhonjiswa kokubili ukuxilongwa kwezinkinga ezithile zenhliziyo, kanye nokwelashwa kwe-infarction noma i-angina, njengoba ihlola ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi nenhliziyo, ikwazi ukuthola nokususa ukunqwabelana kwamapuleti anamafutha noma izilonda kulezi zifunda.

I-catheterization yenhliziyo yenziwa kanjani

Yenzelwe ini

I-catheterization yenhliziyo isebenza ukuxilonga kanye / noma ukwelapha izimo ezahlukahlukene zenhliziyo, okungaqokonyiswa okulandelayo:

• Hlola ukuthi imithambo yegazi ehlinzeka ngemisipha yenhliziyo, ivalekile noma cha;
• Sula imithambo yegazi nama-valve ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwamapuleti anamafutha;
• Bheka ukuthi zikhona yini izilonda kuma-valve nasesixukwini senhliziyo;
• Bheka izinguquko ku-anatomy yenhliziyo engaqinisekisiwe ngezinye izivivinyo;
• Khombisa ngokuningiliziwe, uma kukhona, ukungalungi kokuzalwa kwezinsana nasezinganeni.

I-catheterization yenhliziyo ingenziwa ngokuhlanganiswa namanye amasu afana ne-coronary angioplasty, inqubo esetshenziselwa ukuvulela umkhumbi we-coronary futhi ingenziwa ngokufakwa kwe-stent (i-metallic prosthesis) noma kuphela ngokusebenzisa ibhaluni, elinezingcindezi eziphakeme, elicindezela amapuleti, kuvulwa isitsha. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-angioplasty yenziwa kanjani.

Kungenziwa futhi ngokubambisana ne-balloon valvuloplasty enqamulelayo, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezinjengama-valves enhliziyo afana ne-pulmonary stenosis, i-aortic stenosis kanye ne-mitral stenosis. Futhi, funda imininingwane eminingi mayelana nezinkomba zendlela i-valvuloplasty eyenziwa ngayo.

I-catheterization yenhliziyo yenziwa kanjani

I-catheterization yenhliziyo yenziwa ngokufaka i-catheter noma iphenyo enhliziyweni. Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo sithi:

1. I-anesthesia yendawo;
2. Ukwenza ukuvulwa okuncane kwe-catheter ukungena esikhunjeni se-groin noma ingalo engalweni noma endololwaneni;
3. Ukufaka i-catheter emthanjeni (imvamisa, i-radial, i-femoral noma i-bracheal) ezoholwa ngudokotela oyingcweti, kuze kufike enhliziyweni;
4. Indawo yokungena kwemithambo ye-coronary yangakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele;
5. Ukujova into esekwe iodine (umehluko) evumela ukubonwa kwemithambo namaphuzu okuvinjelwa yi-X-ray;
6. Qhathanisa umjovo ku-ventricle yesobunxele, uvumela ukubonwa kokupompa kwenhliziyo.

Ukuhlolwa akubangeli ubuhlungu. Okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi isiguli sizwa ukungakhululeki okuthile ngokulunywa kwe-anesthesia kanye nokushisa okushisayo esifubeni lapho umehluko ufakwa.

Isikhathi sokuhlolwa siyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi kulula kangakanani ukukhipha ikhebula okubhekiswe kulo, ngokuvamile isikhathi eside ezigulini esezivele zenziwe ukuhlinzwa kwe-myocardial revascularization. Imvamisa, ukuhlolwa akuthathi ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30, kudingekile ukuhlala uphumule amahora ambalwa futhi, uma ingekho inkinga, ungaya ekhaya, uma wenze i-catheterization kuphela ngaphandle kwenye inqubo ehambisanayo.

Yikuphi ukunakekelwa okudingekayo

Ngokuvamile, nge-catheterization ehleliwe, kuyadingeka ukuzila ukudla amahora angu-4 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, bese uzama ukuphumula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yimithi kuphela enqunywe ngudokotela wenhliziyo okufanele igcinwe isetshenziswa, kugwenywe amakhambi abengabekiwe, kufaka phakathi amakhambi asekhaya namathiyi. Bheka ukuthi yiziphi ukunakekelwa okuyinhloko okufanele kuthathwe ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.

Ngokuvamile, ukululama kule nqubo kuyashesha, futhi uma kungekho ezinye izinkinga eziyivimbelayo, isiguli siyakhishwa esibhedlela ngosuku olulandelayo ngesincomo sokugwema ukuvivinya umzimba ngamandla noma ukuphakamisa izinsimbi ezingaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayi-10 emasontweni amabili okuqala ngemuva inqubo.

Izingozi ezingenzeka ze-catheterization

Yize ibaluleke kakhulu futhi iphephile ngokujwayelekile, le nqubo ingaletha izingozi ezithile kwezempilo, njenge:

• Ukopha nokutheleleka endaweni yokufaka i-catheter;
• Ukulimala kwesitsha segazi;
• Ukusabela okweqile kokungafani okusetshenzisiwe;
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma i-arrhythmia, engahamba yodwa, kodwa engadinga ukwelashwa uma kwenzeka iphikelela;
• Amahlule egazi angadala isifo sohlangothi noma isifo senhliziyo;
• Yehlisa umfutho wegazi;
• Ukuqoqwa kwegazi esikhwameni esizungeze inhliziyo, okungavimbela inhliziyo ukuthi ishaye ngokujwayelekile.

Izingozi ziyingcosana lapho ukuhlolwa kuhlelelwe, ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvame ukwenziwa ezibhedlela ezihlonyiswe kahle zezinhliziyo, eziqukethe odokotela bezinhliziyo nodokotela abahlinzayo benhliziyo, ngo-sus noma ngasese.

Lezi zingcuphe zingenzeka, ikakhulukazi, kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, ngezifo zezinso nakubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-75 ubudala, noma kulezo ziguli ezinamandla nezinamandla ezine-infarction ye-myocardial.