Yini ikhoma, izimbangela eziyinhloko nokuthi ukwelashwa kwenziwa kanjani

-Delile

• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

IComa yisimo esibonakala ngokuncipha kwezinga lokwazi lapho umuntu abonakala elele khona, engaphenduli ezintweni ezithinta imvelo futhi engakhombisi ulwazi ngaye. Kulesi simo, ubuchopho buqhubeka nokukhiqiza amasiginali kagesi akwazi ukugcina imisebenzi ebalulekile, njengokushaya kwenhliziyo, ngokwesibonelo.

Lesi simo singenzeka ngenxa yezimo eziningana njengokulimala kwengqondo okuhlukumezayo, okubangelwa ukushaywa okunamandla ekhanda, ukutheleleka kanye nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezidakamizwa notshwala, kulokhu, kubizwa ngokuthi ikhoma elidakayo.

Ikhoma lingahlukaniswa kusetshenziswa isikali seGlasgow, lapho udokotela oqeqeshiwe noma umhlengikazi ahlola khona amandla omuntu, amandla omlomo nawamehlo okwamanje, akwazi ukukhombisa amazinga womuntu wokuqonda futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, avimbele i-sequelae engenzeka futhi asungule okungcono kakhulu ukwelashwa. Bona okuningi ukuthi isikali seGlasgow sisetshenziswa kanjani.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Izimbangela zekhoma aziqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa-ke, ezinye izimo zingadala ukuthi umuntu awele ku-coma, okungaba:

• Umphumela onobuthi wanoma imuphi umuthi noma into, ngokusebenzisa ngokweqile izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni noma utshwala;
• Izifo, njenge-meningitis noma i-sepsis, ngokwesibonelo, okunganciphisa amazinga womuntu wokuqonda ngenxa yokubandakanyeka kwezitho ezahlukahlukene;
• Ukopha ebuchosheni, ebonakala ngokuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwesitsha segazi;
• Unhlangothi, okuhambelana nokuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi kuye esifundeni esithile sobuchopho;
• Ukuhlukumezeka ekhanda, okungukulimala kogebhezi okudalwa ukuxukuzeka, ukusikeka noma ukulimala nokuthi lapho kunokukhubazeka okuthile ebuchosheni, kubizwa ngokuthi ukulimala kwengqondo okuhlukumezayo;
• Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni, ngenxa yesifo esinamandla samaphaphu noma ngokweqile i-carbon monoxide inhalation, efana nentuthu yenjini yemoto noma ukushisa kwasekhaya, isibonelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhoma lingaba ngumphumela we-hyperglycemia noma i-hypoglycemia, okungukuthi, ngenxa yezinkinga zempilo ezenza amazinga kashukela akhuphuke noma awe ngokweqile, futhi futhi yi-hyperthermia, okuyilapho izinga lokushisa lomzimba lingaphezulu kuka-39 ℃, noma i-hypothermia, kwenzeka ezimweni lapho lelo zinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kuka-35 ℃.

Futhi nokho, ngokuya ngesizathu sekhoma, umuntu angafinyelela ekufeni kobuchopho, lapho ubuchopho bungasakhiphi izimpawu zikagesi emzimbeni. Wazi umehluko phakathi kokufa kobuchopho nekhoma.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-coma kuncike kwizimbangela zalesi simo, futhi ukuvuseleleka kwengqondo kuyinqubo eyenzeka kancane kancane, kwezinye izimo ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo, kepha ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, umuntu angahlala esesimweni semifino, lapho umuntu angavuka nokuvuka, kepha uhlala equlekile futhi engasazi isikhathi, yena nezehlakalo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nesimo se-vegetative.

Ezimweni lapho umuntu engasekho engcupheni yokufa nezimbangela ze-coma sezivele zilawulwa, iqembu le-ICU lodokotela nabahlengikazi lihlose ukunakekela okusiza ukuvikela izilonda embhedeni, ukutheleleka ezibhedlela, njenge-pneumonia uma kwenzeka uphefumula amathuluzi, nokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwayo yonke imisebenzi yomzimba.

Isikhathi esiningi, umuntu kudingeka asebenzise ithubhu ukondla nokuqeda umchamo, ngaphezu kokuthola ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, ukugcina izicubu nokuphefumula kusesimweni esihle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukuthi ube nokwesekwa nokuba khona komndeni, njengoba ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukuzwa kungumqondo wokugcina olahlekile, ngakho-ke noma umuntu engaphenduli futhi engaqondi kahle ukuthi lelilungu lomndeni lithini, ubuchopho buyakwazi ukubona izwi namazwi othando bese busabela ngendlela enhle.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

Ikhoma lingahlukaniswa libe yizinhlobo ezintathu, kuya ngesizathu esiholele ekuqaleni kwalesi simo, njenge:

• Ikhoma elehlisiwe: okubizwa nangokuthi i-sedation, wuhlobo lwe-coma olwenzeka ngokufaka imithi emthanjeni eyehlisa ukusebenza kobuchopho, ekhonjiswa odokotela ukuvikela ubuchopho bomuntu olimale kabi ebuchosheni, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvimbela ukwanda kwengcindezi yokungasebenzi, noma ukugcina umuntu ephefumula ngamathuluzi;
• Isakhiwo Coma: iqukethe uhlobo lwe-coma oluvela ekulimaleni kolunye uhlangothi lobuchopho noma uhlelo lwezinzwa, ngenxa yokulimala okulimazayo kobuchopho, ngenxa yengozi yemoto noma yesithuthuthu, noma ngenxa yokulimala kobuchopho okubangelwa ukushaywa unhlangothi;
• Ukudla okungekho kwesakhiwo: kwenzeka lapho umuntu ese-coma ngenxa yezimo zokudakwa ngenxa yokusebenzisa imishanguzo, izidakamizwa noma utshwala ngokweqile, kepha futhi kungavela kubantu abanesifo sikashukela esibolile kakhulu, okuholela ekungasebenzi kahle kobuchopho futhi ngenxa yalokho ku-coma .

Kukhona futhi ne-Locked-in syndrome, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Incarceration syndrome, engaholela ekuqulekeni, kepha kulokhu, yize ukukhubazeka kwezicubu zomzimba futhi kungenzeki ukukhuluma, umuntu uhlala azi konke okwenzekayo wena. Bona okuningi ukuthi yini i- syndrome yokuvalelwa nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukwelashwa.