I-Cerebral Edema

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Yini ebangela i-edema yobuchopho?
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa?
• 1. Imithi
• 2. Osmotherapy
• 3. Ukuphefumula umoya
• 4. I-Hypothermia
• 5. I-Ventriculostomy
• 6. Ukuhlinzwa
• Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

Yini i-edema ye-cerebral?

I-edema yeCerebral yaziwa nangokuthi ukuvuvukala kobuchopho. Isimo esisongela impilo esidala ukuthi uketshezi lukhule ebuchosheni.

Lokhu kuketshezi kwandisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kogebhezi - okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ingcindezi yokungasebenzi (ICP). Ukwanda kwe-ICP kunganciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni futhi kwehlise i-oxygen etholwa ubuchopho bakho. Ubuchopho budinga ukugeleza okungaphazanyiswa komoya-mpilo ukuze kusebenze kahle.

Ukuvuvukala kuyimpendulo yomzimba ekulimaleni. Ngezinye izikhathi kungelashwa ngemithi nangokuphumula.

Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuselapha. Kungadala nomonakalo ongalungiseki. Ukuvuvukala kungenzeka ebuchosheni noma ezindaweni ezithile. Uma ingalashwa, i-edema yobuchopho ingaba yingozi.

Ziyini izimpawu?

I-edema yeCerebral ingaba nzima kodokotela ukuthi bayihlolisise ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okufanele nokuhlolwa ngokuphelele.

Kunezimpawu okufanele uzibheke ngemuva kokulimala noma ukutheleleka okungakhombisa ukuvuvukala. Ezinye izinkomba ze-cerebral edema zifaka:

• ikhanda
• isiyezi
• isicanucanu
• ukuntuleka kokuxhumana
• ukuba ndikindiki

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu ze-edema ye-cerebral, ungathola izimpawu kufaka phakathi:

• ukuguquka kwemizwelo
• ukulahleka kwememori
• kunzima ukukhuluma
• ukungazibambi
• shintsha ukwazi
• isithuthwane
• ubuthakathaka

Yini ebangela i-edema yobuchopho?

Kunezici eziningana ezingadala ukuvuvukala kobuchopho. Kubandakanya:

• Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu (i-TBI). I-TBI idala umonakalo ebuchosheni. Ukuthintana nokuwa ngokomzimba kungadala ukuvuvukala kobuchopho. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, i-TBI ingahle iqhekeze ugebhezi futhi izingcezu zogebhezi zingadabula imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni futhi ibangele ukuvuvukala.
• Unhlangothi. Ezinye izimo zokushaywa unhlangothi zingadala ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, ikakhulukazi isifo sohlangothi. Ukushaywa yischemic kwenzeka lapho kunehlule legazi eduze kobuchopho, livimbela ubuchopho ekutholeni igazi nomoya-mpilo. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi amangqamuzana obuchopho afe nokuthi ubuchopho buvuvukale ukuphendula ukulimala.
• Ukutheleleka. Amanye amabhaktheriya angadala ukugula nokuphazamiseka okuholela ekuvukeleni kobuchopho nokuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi uma kushiywe kungalashwa.
• Izimila. Izicubu zobuchopho zingangeza ingcindezi ezindaweni zobuchopho, zenze ukuthi ubuchopho obuzungezile buvuvukale.

Ezinye izimbangela zokuvuvukala kobuchopho zifaka:

• ukuphakama okuphezulu
• ukusetshenziswa okungenampilo kwezidakamizwa
• ukutheleleka ngegciwane
• ubuthi be-carbon monoxide
• Ukulunywa yizilwane ezinobuthi, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo nezinye izilwane zasolwandle

Kutholakala kanjani?

I-edema yeCerebral yisimo esinzima ukuthi odokotela basithole ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okufanele. Ukuxilongwa kwakho kuzoya ngezimpawu zakho kanye nembangela eyimbangela.

Ezinye izinqubo ezivamile odokotela abazisebenzisayo ukuxilonga ukuvuvukala kobuchopho zifaka:

• ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba ukuthola ubuhlungu, ukungaphatheki kahle, noma ukungajwayelekile
• Iskena se-CT ukukhomba indawo yokuvuvukala
• ikhanda le-MRI ukukhomba indawo yokuvuvukala
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola imbangela yokuvuvukala kobuchopho

Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa?

Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kungaba yisimo esisongela impilo. Kufanele ilashwe ngokushesha. Izinketho zokwelashwa zenzelwe ukubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi ne-oxygen ebuchosheni ngenkathi kunciphisa ukuvuvukala.

Kubalulekile futhi ukwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo ukuvimbela noma yimuphi omunye umonakalo.

Kunezindlela eziyisithupha zokwelashwa ezivamile.

1. Imithi

Ngokuya ngobukhulu besimo sakho nembangela eyimbangela, odokotela bangahle bakunikeze imithi yokusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvikela amahlule egazi.

2. Osmotherapy

Lapho ubuchopho bakho buvuvuka, buqoqa uketshezi oluningi. I-Osmotherapy inqubo ehlose ukudonsa amanzi ebuchosheni. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-osmotic agents njenge-mannitol, noma usawoti onosawoti omningi. Ukwelashwa kwe-Osmotic nakho kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukujikeleza kwegazi. Lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ne-ICP kugebhezi.

3. Ukuphefumula umoya

Abanye odokotela bangenza i-hyperventilation elawulwayo ukusiza ukwehlisa i-ICP yakho. Ukuphefumula ngokweqile kubangela ukuthi ukhiphe kakhulu kunalokho okuhogelayo, wehlise inani le-carbon dioxide egazini lakho. Ukugeleza kwegazi okufanele ebuchosheni bakho kuncike ku-carbon dioxide. Ukulawula le nqubo kwehlisa ukuhamba kwegazi ebuchosheni bakho futhi kwehlise i-ICP.

4. I-Hypothermia

Enye indlela yokwelashwa ifaka phakathi ukunciphisa i-hypothermia. Ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa komzimba kunciphisa imetabolism ebuchosheni futhi kunganciphisa nokuvuvukala.

Yize kube nezindaba ezithile zempumelelo ngale ndlela, i-hypothermia elawulwayo isacwaningwa.

5. I-Ventriculostomy

Le yinqubo ehlasela kakhulu ebandakanya ukukhipha uketshezi ebuchosheni. Udokotela uzokwenza imbobo encane kugebhezi afake ishubhu njengokukhipha amanzi. Le ndlela izokhipha ingcindezi ye-ICP.

6. Ukuhlinzwa

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu ze-edema yobuchopho, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze unciphise i-ICP. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungasho ukukhipha ingxenye yogebhezi noma kususe umthombo wokuvuvukala, njengasesimweni sesimila.

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho yisimo esibi kakhulu esingadala ukulimala kwesikhathi eside kwimemori yakho namandla okucabanga. Kungabuye kubulale uma welashwa sekwephuze kakhulu. Uma uqala ukuhlangabezana nemiphumela engemihle ngemuva kokuwa, ingozi, noma ngenkathi ulwa nokutheleleka, vakashela udokotela ngokushesha.