Yini iCholangitis nokuthi iphathwa kanjani?

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Izimpawu ze-cholangitis
• Ukwelapha i-cholangitis
• Izimbangela ze-cholangitis
• Ukuhlonza i-cholangitis
• Izinkinga ze-cholangitis
• Uyini umbono?

Ukubuka konke

I-Cholangitis ukuvuvukala (ukuvuvukala nokubomvu) emgodini we-bile. I-American Liver Foundation iphawula ukuthi i-cholangitis uhlobo lwesifo sesibindi. Ingabuye idilizwe ikakhulukazi futhi yaziwe njengokulandelayo:

• i-primary biliary cholangitis (i-PBC)
• i-primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)
• i-cholangitis yesibili
• i-immune cholangitis

Ama-bile ducts athwala inyongo kusuka esibindini kanye nenyongo iye emathunjini amancane. I-Bile iluketshezi oluhlaza okotshani oluphuzi nsundu olusiza umzimba wakho ukugaya nokuncela amafutha. Kuyasiza nokususa imfucuza esibindini.

Lapho ama-bile ducts evutha noma evinjiwe, i-bile ingabuyela esibindini. Lokhu kungaholela ekulimaleni kwesibindi nakwezinye izinkinga. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-cholangitis zimnene. Ezinye izinhlobo zingaba zimbi futhi zisongele impilo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-cholangitis:

• I-cholangitis engapheli yenzeka kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kungadala izimpawu eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kwengu-20.
• I-cholangitis enamandla kwenzeka ngokuzumayo. Kungadala izimpawu esikhathini esifushane.

Izimpawu ze-cholangitis

Izimpawu zincike enhlobeni ye-cholangitis onayo nokuthi isikhathi esingakanani. Wonke umuntu one-cholangitis angaba nezimpawu nezimpawu ezihluke kancane. Abantu abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-50 abatholakala ukuthi bane-cholangitis engapheli abanazo izimpawu.

Ezinye izimpawu zokuqala ze-cholangitis engapheli zingafaka:

• ukukhathala nokukhathala
• isikhumba esilumayo
• amehlo omile
• umlomo owomile

Uma une-cholangitis engapheli isikhathi eside, ungahle ube:

• ubuhlungu ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesokudla
• ukujuluka ebusuku
• ukuvuvukala kwezinyawo namaqakala
• mnyama kwesikhumba (i-hyperpigmentation)
• ubuhlungu bemisipha
• ubuhlungu bamathambo noma bamalunga
• ukuqhakaza (uketshezi endaweni yesisu)
• amafutha (xanthomas) esikhumbeni esizungeze amehlo nezinkophe
• amafutha abekwa endololwaneni, emadolweni, ezintendeni, nasematheni ezinyawo
• uhudo noma ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okunamafutha
• ukunyakaza kwamathumbu anombala wobumba
• ukuncipha komzimba
• ukuguquka kwemizwelo nezinkinga zememori

Uma une-cholangitis enamandla, ungahle ube nezinye izimpawu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izimpawu ezingazelelwe ezinjengalezi:

• umkhuhlane omkhulu ngaphezu koku
• Ukugodola
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ukuhlungu obusemhlane
• ubuhlungu obungezansi kwamahlombe
• ubuhlungu obunzima noma amajaqamba ohlangothini olungakwesokudla
• ubuhlungu obukhali noma obubuhlungu maphakathi nesisu
• umfutho wegazi ophansi
• ukudideka
• ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo (i-jaundice)

Udokotela wakho angathola izimpawu ze-cholangitis kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• isibindi esivuvukile noma esikhulisiwe
• ukuvuvukala noma ukukhulisa ubende
• cholesterol ephezulu
• indlala yegilo engasebenzi kahle (hypothyroidism)
• amathambo abuthakathaka futhi aphuke (i-osteoporosis)

Ukwelapha i-cholangitis

Ukwelashwa kwe-cholangitis engapheli nokubi kakhulu kungahluka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimbangela ze-cholangitis ziyahlukahluka. Ukwelashwa futhi kuya ngokuthi usheshe watholakala kanjani une-cholangitis. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu uma zingelashwa.

Ukwelashwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu kwi-cholangitis ebukhali. Udokotela wakho angancoma ama-antibiotic kuze kufike (njenge-penicillin, ceftriaxone, metronidazole, ne-ciprofloxacin).

Bangancoma nezinqubo esibhedlela, njenge:

• uketshezi olufakwa emithanjeni
• umsele wamanzi we-bile

Ngokungafani ne-cholangitis enamandla, ayikho imishanguzo yokwelapha i-cholangitis engapheli. Umuthi obizwa nge-ursodeoxycholic acid ungasiza ukuvikela isibindi. Isebenza ngokuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwe-bile. Ayiphathi i-cholangitis uqobo.

Ukwelashwa nokunakekelwa kwe-cholangitis engapheli kubandakanya:

• ukuphatha izimpawu
• ukuqapha ukusebenza kwesibindi
• izinqubo zokuvula amapayipi e-bile avinjiwe

Izinqubo zombili ze-cholangitis ezingamahlalakhona nezibi yilezi:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-Endoscopic. I-Balloon dilation ingasetshenziselwa ukuvula amapayipi nokwandisa ukugeleza kwe-bile. Lokhu kusiza ukuthuthukisa nokuvikela izimpawu. Ungadinga ukwelashwa kwe-endoscopic kaningi ukwelapha i-cholangitis. Ungaba ne-anesthesia ephelele noma yasendaweni (i-numbing) ngaphambi kwenqubo.
• Ukwelashwa okwenziwa ngamakhemikhali. Lokhu kuyefana nokwelashwa kwe-endoscopic, kepha kungenxa yesikhumba. Udokotela wakho uzokhipha le ndawo noma akulale ngaphambi kwenqubo.
• Ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho angasusa ingxenye evinjiwe yomgudu wenyongo. Noma, ungahle ube nama-stents afakwa ukuvula noma ukukhipha ama-bile ducts. Uzoba ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ephelele (elele) yokuhlinzwa.

• Izimbangela ze-cholangitis

  Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezimbangela ze-cholangitis. Kwesinye isikhathi imbangela ayaziwa.

  I-cholangitis engapheli ingaba yisifo esizimele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho ahlasela ngephutha ama-bile ducts. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala.

  Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuvuvukala kungadala izibazi noma ukukhula kwezicubu ezinzima ngaphakathi kwamapayipi e-bile. Isibazi senza amapayipi abe nzima futhi anciphise. Bangakwazi futhi ukuvimba amapayipi amancane.

  Izimbangela ze-cholangitis enamandla yilezi:

  • ukutheleleka kwamagciwane
  • amatshe enyongo
  • ukuvinjelwa
  • isimila

  Izimbangela zemvelo zombili izinhlobo ze-cholangitis zifaka:

  • izifo (amabhaktheriya, igciwane, isikhunta, noma ama-parasites)
  • ukubhema
  • amakhemikhali

  Izici zobungozi ezingakhuphula amathuba akho okuthola i-cholangitis:

  • Ukuba ngowesifazane. I-cholangitis engapheli ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane.
  • Ubudala. Imvamisa kwenzeka kubantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-60.
  • Izakhi zofuzo. I-Cholangitis ingahle isebenze emndenini wakho.
  • Indawo. Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu eNyakatho Melika nasenyakatho yeYurophu.

  Ukuhlonza i-cholangitis

  Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuxilonga i-cholangitis ngokuhlolwa kanye nokuskena. Izimpawu eziningana zingavela ekuhlolweni kwegazi okulandelayo:

  • ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (CBC)
  • ukuhlolwa kwesibindi
  • ukuhlolwa kwezinso
  • isiko legazi

  Izikena zisiza ukukhombisa ukugeleza kwegazi esibindini nakwezinye izingxenye zesisu:

  • I-X-ray (i-cholangiogram isebenzisa udayi ukubheka amapayipi enyongo)
  • Ukuskena kwe-MRI
  • Iskena se-CT
  • i-ultrasound

  Ungadinga ezinye izivivinyo ezifana namasampula womchamo, we-bile, noma we-stool.

  Izinkinga ze-cholangitis

  I-Cholangitis ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo uma ingelashwa. Izinkinga zifaka:

  • Izinkinga zesibindi. I-Cholangitis ingadala isibazi sesibindi (i-cirrhosis). Lokhu kunganciphisa ukusebenza kwesibindi noma kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwesibindi. Futhi kwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesibindi. Kungadala ukuvuvukala kwesibindi nomfutho wegazi ophezulu.

  • Uyini umbono?

    Izimpawu nezimpawu zakho zizohluka kwabanye abantu abane-cholangitis. Kwezinye izimo, imbangela kungenzeka ingaziwa. Awukwazi njalo ukuvimbela ukuthola i-cholangitis.

    Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungakusiza ukuthi ube nomphumela ongcono. Kuyasiza nokuvikela izimpawu nezinkinga. Bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unezimpawu, kufaka phakathi:

    • imfiva
    • ubuhlungu besisu
    • ukuphuzi kwamehlo nesikhumba
    • izinguquko ekugayeni nasekuhambeni kwamathumbu

    Ungahle ungabi nazimpawu nhlobo. Ukuhlolwa njalo kungakusiza ufunde ngempilo yakho yesibindi ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulula.

    Ezinye izinhlobo ze-cholangitis kungaba lula ukuzikhipha ngokwelashwa. Thatha yonke imithi njengoba unqunyelwe futhi ubone udokotela wakho kukho konke ukuqokwa okulandelwayo.

    Ungavimbela izinkinga ngokushintsha kwempilo yansuku zonke njengokuyeka ukubhema. Ukudla okunempilo, okulinganiselayo okune-fiber eningi kunganciphisa izimpawu ze-cholangitis futhi kuvimbele izinkinga. Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma isazi sokudla okunempilo mayelana nohlelo lokudla olungcono kakhulu kuwe.