Ukuqina Kwe-aortic

-Delile

• Kuyini ukuqoqana kwe-aorta?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-aortic coarctation?
• Izimpawu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa
• Izimpawu ezinganeni ezindala nakubantu abadala
• Yini ebangela ukungqubuzana kwe-aorta?
• Kutholakalaphi ukutholakala kwe-aorta coarctation?
• Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa ze-aortic coarctation?
• Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

Kuyini ukuqoqana kwe-aorta?

Ukwehlukaniswa kwe-aorta (CoA) kungukuzalwa okungahambi kahle kwe-aorta. Lesi simo saziwa nangokuthi yi-aortic coarctation. Noma yiliphi igama likhombisa ukucinana kwe-aorta.

I-aorta ingumthambo omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni wakho. Inobubanzi obucishe bulingane nepayipi engadini. I-aorta ishiya i-ventricle yangakwesobunxele yenhliziyo futhi igijime maphakathi nomzimba wakho, ingene esifubeni iye endaweni yesisu. Bese igatsha ukuletha igazi elisanda kungeniswa umoya-mpilo ezingalweni zakho ezingezansi. Ukuncipha noma ukunciphisa lo mthambo obalulekile kungaholela ekwehleni kokugeleza komoya-mpilo.

Ingxenye evinjelwe ye-aorta imvamisa isondele phezulu kwenhliziyo, lapho i-aorta iphuma khona enhliziyweni. Sisebenza njengekinki ku-hose. Njengoba inhliziyo yakho izama ukupompa igazi elicebile oksijini emzimbeni, igazi linenkinga yokudlula ngekink. Lokhu kubangela umfutho wegazi ophezulu ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zomzimba wakho futhi kwehlise ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zomzimba wakho.

Udokotela uzohlola futhi aphathe i-CoA ngokuhlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa ngemuva nje kokuzalwa. Izingane ezine-CoA zivame ukukhula ukuze ziphile impilo ejwayelekile, enempilo. Kodwa-ke, ingane yakho isengozini yokuthola umfutho wegazi ophakeme nezinkinga zenhliziyo uma i-CoA yayo ingalashwa ize ikhule. Bangadinga ukuqapha okusondele kwezokwelapha.

Amacala angalashwa we-CoA ngokuvamile ayabulala, nabantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengama-40 bebulawa yisifo senhliziyo noma izinkinga zomfutho wegazi ophezulu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-aortic coarctation?

Izimpawu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa

Izimpawu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa ziyahlukahluka ngobukhulu bokucinana kwe-aorta. Ngokusho kwe-KidsHealth, iningi lezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa ezine-CoA azibonisi zimpawu. Bonke abanye bangaba nenkinga yokuphefumula nokondla. Ezinye izimpawu ukujuluka, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo ukuminyana.

Izimpawu ezinganeni ezindala nakubantu abadala

Ezimweni ezimnene, izingane zingase zingakhombisi zimpawu kuze kube kamuva empilweni. Lapho izimpawu ziqala ukukhombisa, zingabandakanya:

• izandla nezinyawo ezibandayo
• ukuphuma kwamakhala
• ubuhlungu besifuba
• ikhanda
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• isiyezi
• ukuquleka

Yini ebangela ukungqubuzana kwe-aorta?

I-CoA ingenye yezinhlobo eziningana ezijwayelekile zokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzalwa. I-CoA ingenzeka yodwa. Kungenzeka futhi ngokunye okungajwayelekile enhliziyweni. I-CoA ivela kaningi kubafana kunamantombazane. Kuyenzeka futhi nokunye ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzelwe, njenge-Shone's complex ne-DiGeorge syndrome. I-CoA iqala ngesikhathi sokukhula komntwana, kodwa odokotela abaziqondi kahle izimbangela zayo.

Esikhathini esedlule, odokotela babecabanga ukuthi iCoA yenzeka kaningi kubantu abamhlophe kunezinye izinhlanga. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwamuva nje lukhombisa ukuthi umehluko ekusabalaleni kwe-CoA kungenzeka ngenxa yamazinga ahlukile wokutholwa. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi zonke izinhlanga zinamathuba afanayo okuzalwa zinokukhubazeka.

Ngenhlanhla, amathuba okuzalwa kwengane yakho nge-CoA aphansi impela. I-KidsHealth ithi i-CoA ithinta kuphela amaphesenti ayi-8 azo zonke izingane ezizalwa zinokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo. Ngokusho kwe-, cishe izingane ezine kwezingu-10 000 ezisanda kuzalwa zine-CoA.

Kutholakalaphi ukutholakala kwe-aorta coarctation?

Ukuhlolwa kokuqala komntwana osanda kuzalwa kuzoveza i-CoA. Udokotela wengane yakho angase abone ukungafani kwengcindezi yegazi phakathi kwemikhawulo yengane ephezulu nengaphansi. Noma bangezwa imisindo yezici zesici lapho belalele inhliziyo yengane yakho.

Uma udokotela wengane yakho esola i-CoA, banga-oda ezinye izivivinyo, njenge-echocardiogram, i-MRI, noma i-catheterization yenhliziyo (aortography) ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembe kakhudlwana.

Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa ze-aortic coarctation?

Imithi ejwayelekile ye-CoA ngemuva kokuzalwa ifaka ibhaluni i-angioplasty noma ukuhlinzwa.

I-balloon angioplasty ifaka ukufaka ipayipi le-catheter ngaphakathi komthambo ovinjelwe bese ufaka ibhaluni ngaphakathi komthambo ukuze uwunwebise.

Ukwelashwa okuhlinzekwayo kungabandakanya ukususa nokufaka esikhundleni sengxenye "ekhubazekile" ye-aorta. Udokotela ohlinzayo wengane yakho esikhundleni salokho angakhetha ukweqa umbandela ngokusebenzisa okuxhunyelelwayo noma ngokwakha isichibi phezu kwengxenye encishisiwe ukuyikhulisa.

Abantu abadala abathole ukwelashwa ebuntwaneni bangadinga ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe kamuva empilweni ukuze baphathe noma ikuphi ukuphinda kwenzeke kweCoA. Ukulungiswa okungeziwe endaweni ebuthakathaka yodonga lwe-aortic kungadingeka. Uma i-CoA ishiywa ingalashwa, abantu abane-CoA ngokuvamile bafa eminyakeni engama-30 noma engama-40 yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukuqhuma kwe-aorta, isifo sohlangothi noma ezinye izimo.

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongamahlalakhona ohlotshaniswa ne-CoA unyusa ubungozi be:

• ukulimala kwenhliziyo
• i-aneurysm
• isifo sohlangothi
• isifo semithambo yenhliziyo ngaphambi kwesikhathi

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongapheli ungaholela naku:

• ukwehluleka kwezinso
• ukwehluleka kwesibindi
• ukulahleka kwamehlo ngokusebenzisa i-retinopathy

Abantu abane-CoA bangadinga ukuthatha izidakamizwa, njenge-angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors kanye ne-beta-blockers ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophezulu.

Uma une-CoA, kufanele ugcine indlela yokuphila enempilo ngokwenza okulandelayo:

• Yenza ukuvivinya umzimba ngokulingene nsuku zonke. Kuyasiza ekugcineni isisindo esinempilo nempilo yenhliziyo. Kuyasiza nokulawula umfutho wegazi.
• Gwema ukuzivocavoca okunzima, njengokuphakamisa izinsimbi, ngoba kufaka ingcindezi eyengeziwe enhliziyweni yakho.
• Nciphisa ukudla kwakho usawoti namafutha.
• Ungalokothi ubheme noma imuphi umkhiqizo kagwayi.