Umehluko Phakathi Komkhuhlane Nomkhuhlane

-Delile

• Ungawubona kanjani umehluko
• Uyini umkhuhlane ovamile?
• Ukwelapha kanjani umkhuhlane
• Ungawuvimbela kanjani umkhuhlane
• Ukugwema
• Inhlanzeko enhle
• Uyini umkhuhlane wonyaka?
• Ukwelapha kanjani umkhuhlane
• Ungabiza nini udokotela
• Ukuhlala uphilile
• Yini Ebangela Umkhuhlane Wesisu futhi Uphathwa Kanjani?

Ukubuka konke

Amakhala akho ajiyile, umphimbo wakho uyanwaya, nekhanda lakho lishaya ngamandla. Kungumkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane wonyaka? Izimpawu zingagudluka, ngakho-ke ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho enze ukuhlolwa komkhuhlane okusheshayo - isheke elisheshayo elenziwe nge-swab kakotini ngemuva kwekhala lakho noma umphimbo - kunzima ukwazi ngokuqinisekile.

Nayi eminye imihlahlandlela eyisisekelo yokutshela umehluko phakathi kwezimpawu zomkhuhlane nezomkhuhlane, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma unolunye lwalezi zifo.

Ungawubona kanjani umehluko

Amagciwane adala imikhuhlane nomkhuhlane. Zombili izifo ezithinta ukuphefumula. Indlela elula yokutshela umehluko ukubheka izimpawu zakho.

Uma unomkhuhlane, uzoba nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• ikhala eligijimayo noma eligcwele
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• ukuthimula
• ukukhwehlela
• ikhanda noma ubuhlungu bomzimba
• ukukhathala okuncane

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane zingabandakanya:

• ukukhwehlela okomile, nokugenca
• ukumelana nomkhuhlane omkhulu, yize kungewona wonke umuntu onomkhuhlane ozoba nomkhuhlane
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• kunyakazisa amakhaza
• ubuhlungu obukhulu bemisipha noma bomzimba
• ikhanda
• ikhala eligcwele futhi eligijimayo
• ukukhathala okukhulu okungadonsa kuze kube amasonto amabili
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza, kanye nohudo (oluvame kakhulu ezinganeni)

Umkhuhlane uza kancane kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa futhi uvame ukuba mncane kunomkhuhlane. Imvamisa ziba ngcono ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuya kwezingu-10, yize izimpawu zingahlala kuze kube amasonto ama-2.

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane ziza ngokushesha futhi zingaba nzima. Imvamisa zihlala iviki eli-1 kuye kwele-2.

Sebenzisa izimpawu zakho njengomhlahlandlela ukuthola ukuthi unasiphi isimo. Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungahle ube nomkhuhlane, bheka udokotela wakho ukuze ahlolwe ngaphakathi kwamahora okuqala angama-48 okukhombisa izimpawu.

Uyini umkhuhlane ovamile?

Umkhuhlane ovamile ukutheleleka okuphezulu okuphefumula okubangelwa igciwane. Ngokwe-American Lung Association, amagciwane ahlukene angaphezu kwama-200 ahlukene angabangela umkhuhlane ovamile. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho koMayo Clinic, i-rhinovirus imvamisa iyona eyenza abantu bathimule futhi bahogele. Kuyathathelana kakhulu.

Yize ungabanjwa umkhuhlane nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, imikhuhlane ivame kakhulu phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amagciwane amaningi abangela amakhaza akhula kahle lapho kunomswakama ophansi.

Umkhuhlane ubhebhetheka lapho umuntu ogulayo ethimula noma ekhwehlela, athumele amaconsi agcwele amagciwane endiza emoyeni.

Ungagula uma uthinta ingaphezulu (njenge-countertop noma i-doorknob) esanda kusingathwa umuntu onegciwane bese uthinta ikhala lakho, umlomo noma amehlo. Usulelana kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezine zokuqala ngemuva kokuvezwa yigciwane elibandayo.

Ukwelapha kanjani umkhuhlane

Ngoba umkhuhlane ukutheleleka ngegciwane, ama-antibiotic awasebenzi ekwelapheni.

Kodwa-ke, imishanguzo yamakhompiyutha, njenge-antihistamines, ama-decongestants, i-acetaminophen, nama-NSAID, inganciphisa isiminyaminya, izinhlungu nezinye izimpawu ezibandayo. Phuza uketshezi oluningi ukuze ugweme ukoma.

Abanye abantu bathatha amakhambi emvelo, njenge-zinc, uvithamini C, noma i-echinacea, ukuvimbela noma ukunciphisa izimpawu ezibandayo. Ubufakazi buhlanganisiwe ekutheni bayasebenza yini.

I-BMC Family Practice ithole ukuthi ama-lozenges we-high-dose (80 milligram) zinc lozenges anganciphisa ubude bemikhuhlane uma ithathwa kungakapheli amahora angama-24 okukhombisa izimpawu.

I-Vitamin C ibonakala ingavimbeli imikhuhlane, kodwa uma uyithatha ngokungaguquki, inganciphisa izimpawu zakho, ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kuka-2013 Cochrane. I-Echinacea ukusiza ukuvimbela noma ukwelapha imikhuhlane. I-BMJ ithole uvithamini D kusiza ukuvikela kukho kokubili imikhuhlane nomkhuhlane.

Umkhuhlane uvame ukuphuma phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-10. Bheka udokotela uma:

• umkhuhlane wakho awukathuthuki cishe esikhathini esingangesonto
• uqala ukuba nomkhuhlane omkhulu
• umkhuhlane wakho awupheli

Ungaba nokungezwani komzimba noma ukutheleleka ngamagciwane okudinga ama-antibiotic, njenge-sinusitis noma i-strep throat. Ukukhwehlela okungapheli kungaba futhi uphawu lwe-asthma noma i-bronchitis.

Ungawuvimbela kanjani umkhuhlane

Kukhona isisho esidala esithi, "Singabeka indoda enyangeni, kodwa asikwazi ukwelapha umkhuhlane ovamile." Yize kuyiqiniso ukuthi odokotela abakawutholi umuthi wokugoma, kunezindlela zokuvimbela lokhu kuhlupheka okuncane kodwa okucasulayo.

Ukugwema

Ngenxa yokuthi imikhuhlane isakazeka kalula, ukuvimbela okuhle kakhulu ukugwema. Hlala kude nanoma ngubani ogulayo. Ungabelani ngezitsha noma ezinye izinto zomuntu siqu, njengebhulashi lamazinyo noma ithawula. Ukwabelana kuhamba ngazo zombili izindlela - uma ugula ngumkhuhlane, hlala ekhaya.

Inhlanzeko enhle

Zijwayeze ukuhlanzeka. Geza izandla zakho njalo ngamanzi ashisayo nensipho ukuze ususe noma yimaphi amagciwane okungenzeka ukuthi uwathathe emini noma usebenzise i-sanitizer yezandla esuselwa kotshwala.

Gcina izandla zakho zisuka ekhaleni, emehlweni, nasemlonyeni lapho zingasanda kuhlanjululwa. Vala umlomo wakho namakhala lapho ukhwehlela noma uthimula. Geza izandla zakho njalo ngemuva kwalokho.

Uyini umkhuhlane wonyaka?

Umkhuhlane - noma umkhuhlane, njengoba waziwa kangcono - ngesinye isifo esingenhla sokuphefumula. Ngokungafani nomkhuhlane, ongahlasela noma ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka, imfuluwenza ngokuvamile iba ngesizini ethile. Inkathi yomkhuhlane ivame ukuba kusukela ekwindla kuye entwasahlobo, iphakama phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika.

Ngesikhathi somkhuhlane, ungawubamba umkhuhlane ngendlela efanayo ongawuthola ngayo umkhuhlane: Ngokuhlangana namaconsi asakazwa umuntu onegciwane. Uyathathelana uqala ngosuku olulodwa ngaphambi kokugula futhi kufika ezinsukwini ezi-5 kuya kwezi-7 ngemuva kokukhombisa izimpawu.

Umkhuhlane wonyaka ubangelwa amagciwane omkhuhlane u-A, B no-C, kanti umkhuhlane u-A no-B yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu. Izinhlobo ezisebenzayo zegciwane lomkhuhlane ziyahlukahluka unyaka nonyaka. Yingakho umuthi omusha wokugomela umkhuhlane wenziwa unyaka nonyaka.

Ngokungafani nomkhuhlane ovamile, umkhuhlane ungakhula ube yisimo esibi kakhulu, njenge-pneumonia. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ku:

• izingane ezincane
• abantu abadala asebekhulile
• abesifazane abakhulelwe
• abantu abanezimo zezempilo ezenza buthaka amasosha omzimba, njengesifuba somoya, isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo sikashukela

Ukwelapha kanjani umkhuhlane

Ezimweni eziningi, uketshezi nokuphumula kuyizindlela ezingcono zokwelapha umkhuhlane. Phuza uketshezi oluningi ukuvimbela ukoma. Ama-decongestants e-counter-counter nokunciphisa ubuhlungu, njenge-ibuprofen ne-acetaminophen, kungalawula izimpawu zakho futhi kukusize uzizwe ungcono.

Kodwa-ke, ungalokothi unikeze izingane i-aspirin. Kungakhuphula ubungozi besimo esingajwayelekile kodwa esibi esibizwa ngeReye’s syndrome.

Udokotela wakho angakuhlinzeka ngemithi elwa namagciwane - i-oseltamivir (Tamiflu), i-zanamivir (i-Relenza), noma i-peramivir (i-Rapivab) - yokwelapha umkhuhlane.

Le mithi inganciphisa isikhathi somkhuhlane futhi ivikele nezinkinga ezifana nenyumoniya. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka zingasebenzi uma kungaqaliwe kungakapheli amahora angama-48 okugula.

Ungabiza nini udokotela

Uma usengozini yezinkinga ezivela emkhuhlane, shayela udokotela wakho lapho uqala ukuba nezimpawu. Abantu abasengozini yezinkinga ezinkulu bafaka:

• abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65
• abesifazane abakhulelwe
• abesifazane abanamasonto amabili ngemuva kokubeletha
• izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-2
• izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 zithatha i-aspirin
• labo abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ngenxa ye-HIV, ukwelashwa kwe-steroid, noma i-chemotherapy
• abantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile
• abantu abanezimo ezingapheli zamaphaphu noma zenhliziyo
• abantu abanezinkinga zomzimba, njengesifo sikashukela, i-anemia, noma isifo sezinso
• abantu abahlala ezikhungweni zokunakekelwa zesikhathi eside, njengasemakhaya asebekhulile

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki noma uma ziba nzima. Bheka udokotela wakho uma unezimpawu ze-pneumonia, kufaka phakathi:

• inkinga yokuphefumula
• ubuhlungu obukhulu bomphimbo
• ukukhwehlela okukhiqiza amafinyila aluhlaza
• imfiva ephezulu, ephikelelayo
• ubuhlungu besifuba

Shayela udokotela ngokushesha uma ingane yakho iqala lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• inkinga yokuphefumula
• ukucasuka
• ukukhathala ngokweqile
• ukwenqaba ukudla noma ukuphuza
• Inkinga yokuvuka noma yokuhlanganyela

Ukuhlala uphilile

Indlela engcono yokuvikela umkhuhlane ukuthola umkhuhlane. Odokotela abaningi batusa ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ngo-Okthoba noma ekuqaleni kwenkathi yomkhuhlane.

Kodwa-ke, usengawuthola umuthi wokugoma ngasekupheleni kokwindla noma ebusika. Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ungakusiza ekuvikeleni ekutholeni umkhuhlane futhi ungenza ukugula kube nzima kakhulu uma ubanjwa ngumkhuhlane.

Ukugwema ukubamba igciwane lomkhuhlane, geza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi afudumele, noma usebenzise i-sanitizer yezandla esuselwa kotshwala. Gwema ukuthinta amakhala, amehlo, nomlomo. Zama ukuziqhelelanisa nanoma ngubani onezimpawu zomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane.

Kubalulekile ukwamukela imikhuba enempilo ukuze uvimbele amagciwane omkhuhlane nomkhuhlane. Kufanele njalo uqiniseke ukuthi uthola ukulala okuningi, udle izithelo nemifino eningi, uzivocavoca umzimba, futhi ulawule ukucindezeleka kwakho ngenkathi ebandayo nemikhuhlane nangaphezulu kwayo.

Yini Ebangela Umkhuhlane Wesisu futhi Uphathwa Kanjani?