Qedela Ukuhlolwa

-Delile

• Iyini inhloso yokuhlolwa komphelelisi?
• Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlolwa kokuhambisana?
• Usilungiselela kanjani isivivinyo somphelelisi?
• Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa komphelelisi?
• Ziyini izingozi zokuhlolwa komphelelisi?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?
• Imiphumela ephakeme kunokujwayelekile
• Imiphumela engaphansi kokujwayelekile
• Kwenzekani ngemuva kokuhlolwa komphelelisi?

Kuyini isivivinyo somphelelisi?

Isivivinyo somphelelisi ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulinganisa umsebenzi weqembu lamaprotheni egazini. Lawa maprotheni akha uhlelo lokugcwalisa, oluyingxenye eyodwa yamasosha omzimba.

Uhlelo lokugcwalisa lusiza amasosha omzimba ukulwa nezifo futhi aqede izinto ezingezona emzimbeni. Lezi zinto zangaphandle zingafaka ama-virus, amabhaktheriya namanye amagciwane.

Uhlelo lokugcwalisa nalo lubandakanyekile ekusebenzeni kwesifo se-autoimmune nezinye izimo zokuvuvukala. Lapho umuntu enesifo esizimele, umzimba ubheka izicubu zawo njengezangaphandle futhi wenza amasosha omzimba alwa nawo.

Kunamaprotheni ayisishiyagalolunye amakhulu ahambisanayo, abhalwe ukuthi i-C1 nge-C9. Noma kunjalo, lolu hlelo luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Njengamanje, ngaphezu kwezinto ezingama-60 ezaziwayo ohlelweni lomzimba lokuzivikela zihlangana nama-protein ahambisanayo lapho zisebenza.

Isilinganiso esiphelele sokulinganisa sihlola ukusebenza kwezakhi eziyinhloko zokugcwalisa ngokulinganisa inani eliphelele le-complement protein egazini lakho. Olunye lwezivivinyo ezivame kakhulu lwaziwa njengesihlanganisi esiphelele se-hemolytic, noma isilinganiso se-CH50.

Amazinga wokugcwalisa aphansi kakhulu noma aphakeme kakhulu angadala izinkinga.

Iyini inhloso yokuhlolwa komphelelisi?

Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwesivivinyo sokugcwalisa ukuthola izifo ezizimele noma ezinye izimo zomzimba wokuzivikela. Izifo ezithile zingaba namazinga angajwayelekile we-complement ethile.

Udokotela angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa komphelelisi ukuqapha inqubekela phambili yomuntu owelashelwa izifo ezizimele njenge-systemic lupus (SLE) noma i-rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Ingasetshenziselwa ukukala ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwezindlela zokwelashwa eziqhubekayo zezifo ezizimele kanye nezimo ezithile zezinso. Ukuhlolwa kungasetshenziselwa ukukhomba abantu abasengozini enkulu yezinkinga ezifweni ezithile.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlolwa kokuhambisana?

Inani eliphelele lokulinganisa lihlola ukuthi uhlelo olusebenzayo lusebenza kahle kanjani.

Udokotela uvame uku-oda ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwabantu abanomlando womndeni wokuncipha kokushoda nalabo abanezimpawu ze:

• RA
• i-hemolytic uremic syndrome (i-HUS)
• isifo sezinso
• SLE
• i-myasthenia gravis, isifo se-neuromuscular
• isifo esithathelwanayo, njenge-bacterial meningitis
• i-cryoglobulinemia, okuwukuba khona kwamaprotheni angajwayelekile egazini

Ukuhlolwa okucacile kokuncoma, okufana nokuhlolwa kwe-C2, C3, ne-C4, kungasiza ekuhloleni izifo ezithile. Ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho, udokotela wakho uzoku-oda noma isilinganiso sokugcwalisa esiphelele, esinye sezivivinyo ezihlosiwe kakhulu, noma zozithathu. Ukudonsa igazi yikho konke okudingekayo.

Usilungiselela kanjani isivivinyo somphelelisi?

Ukuhlolwa komphelelisi kudinga ukudonswa kwegazi okujwayelekile. Akukho ukulungiselela noma ukuzila ukudla okudingekayo.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa komphelelisi?

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzolandela lezi zinyathelo ukwenza ukudweba kwegazi:

1. Babulala amagciwane endaweni yesikhumba engalweni noma esandleni sakho.
2. Basonga ibhande lokunwebeka engalweni yakho engenhla ukuze igazi eliningi ligcwale umthambo.
3. Bafaka inaliti encane emthanjeni wakho bese bedonsela igazi esitsheni esincane. Ungase uzwe ukuzwa okuhlabayo noma okuhlabayo kusuka enaliti.
4. Lapho isitsha sesigcwele, basusa ibhande nokunwebeka bese beka ibhandishi elincane endaweni yokubhoboza.

Kungaba nokuqaqamba kwengalo lapho inaliti ingene khona esikhunjeni. Ungase futhi ube nokulimala okuncane noma ukuqhuma ngemuva kokudonswa kwegazi.

Ziyini izingozi zokuhlolwa komphelelisi?

Ukudonswa kwegazi kunezingozi ezimbalwa. Izingozi ezijwayelekile zokudonsa igazi zifaka:

• ukopha ngokweqile
• ubumhlophe
• ukuquleka
• ukutheleleka, okungenzeka noma nini lapho isikhumba siphukile

Yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?

Imiphumela yenani eliphelele lokulinganisa livame ukuvezwa ngamayunithi ngemililitha ngayinye. Izivivinyo ezilinganisa amaprotheni ahambisanayo athile, kufaka phakathi i-C3 ne-C4, ngokuvamile zibikwa ngama-milligram nge-deciliter ngayinye (mg / dL).

Okulandelayo ukufundwa kokugcwaliseka okujwayelekile kwabantu abaneminyaka engu-16 nangaphezulu, ngokusho kweMayo Medical Laboratories. Amanani angahluka phakathi kwamalabhorethri. Ubulili nobudala nakho kungathinta amazinga alindelekile.

• Ingqikithi yokugcwaliswa kwegazi: amayunithi angama-30 kuye kwangama-75 nge-mL ngayinye (U / mL)
• I-C2: 25 kuye ku-47 mg / dL
• C3: 75 kuya ku-175 mg / dL
• C4: 14 kuya ku-40 mg / dL

Imiphumela ephakeme kunokujwayelekile

Amanani aphakeme kunokujwayelekile angakhombisa izimo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu. Imvamisa lezi zihlobene nokuvuvukala. Ezinye izimo ezihlotshaniswa nokuncoma okuphakeme zingabandakanya:

• umdlavuza
• ukutheleleka ngegciwane
• isifo sesibindi esingenawo utshwala (NAFLD)
• isifo se-metabolic syndrome
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• isifo sikashukela
• Isifo senhliziyo
• izimo zesikhumba ezingapheli njenge-psoriasis
• i-ulcerative colitis (UC)

Umsebenzi wokugcwalisa egazini unezimpawu eziphansi kubantu abanezifo ezisebenzayo ezizimele njenge-lupus. Kodwa-ke, amazinga okugcwalisa igazi angajwayelekile noma aphezulu ngeRA.

Imiphumela engaphansi kokujwayelekile

Amanye amazinga wokuncoma aphansi kunokujwayelekile kungenzeka nge:

• lupus
• i-cirrhosis enomonakalo omkhulu wesibindi noma ukwehluleka kwesibindi
• i-glomerulonephritis, uhlobo lwesifo sezinso
• ifa i-angioedema, okuwukuvuvukala okungabonakali kobuso, izandla, izinyawo, nezinye izitho zangaphakathi
• ukungondleki
• ukuqhuma kwesifo okuzenzakalelayo
• sepsis, ukutheleleka egazini
• ukushaqeka ngokweqile
• ukutheleleka kwefungal
• ezinye izifo ezifakwayo

Kwabanye abantu abanezifo ezithathelwanayo nezizimele, amazinga okuncoma angaba phansi kakhulu ukuthi angatholakali.

Abantu abangenawo amaprotheni ahambisanayo bangase bathambekele ekuthelelekeni. Ukugcwalisa ukuntula nakho kungaba yinto ekuthuthukiseni izifo ezizimele.

Kwenzekani ngemuva kokuhlolwa komphelelisi?

Ngemuva kokudonswa kwegazi, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzothumela isampula yegazi elabhorethri ukuze liyohlaziywa. Hlala wazi ukuthi imiphumela yakho ephelele yokuhlolwa ingaba yinto ejwayelekile noma ngabe untula amaprotheni athile ahambisanayo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi imiphumela isebenza kanjani kuwe.

Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukwenza ukuxilongwa kokugcina.