Kuyini ukuthathwa, izimbangela, izinhlobo nezimpawu

-Delile

• Izimbangela eziyinhloko
• Izinhlobo zokuquleka
• Izimpawu nezimpawu zokubamba
• Okufanele ngikwenze
• Yelashwa kanjani

Ukubanjwa yisifo lapho kwenzeka khona ukusikwa okungazibandakanyi kwemisipha yomzimba noma ingxenye yomzimba ngenxa yokusebenza ngokweqile kukagesi kwezinye izindawo zobuchopho.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukuquleka kuyelapheka futhi kungenzeka kungaphinde kwenzeke, ikakhulukazi uma kungahlobene nenkinga ye-neuronal. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka ngenxa yenkinga ebucayi yezempilo, njengesifo sokuwa noma ngisho nokwehluleka kwesitho, kungadingeka ukwelashwa okufanele kwalesi sifo, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa imishanguzo elwa nodokotela, lawula ukubukeka kwayo.

Ngaphezu kokuthola ukwelashwa, kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngesikhathi sokudlikiza, ngoba ingozi enkulu ngesinye seziqephu yilelo lokuwa, okungadala ukuhlukumezeka noma ukuminyaniswa, okubeka impilo yakho engcupheni.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko

Ukuquleka kungadalwa yizimo eziningana, okuyizona eziyinhloko:

• Umkhuhlane omkhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5;
• Izifo ezifana nesifo sokuwa, i-meningitis, i-tetanus, i-encephalitis, ukutheleleka nge-HIV, isibonelo;
• Ukuhlukumezeka ekhanda;
• Ukuzithiba ngemuva kokuphuza isikhathi eside utshwala nezidakamizwa;
• Ukusabela okungahambi kahle kweminye imithi;
• Izinkinga zeMetabolism njengesifo sikashukela, ukwehluleka kwezinso noma i-hypoglycemia, isibonelo;
• Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni.

Ukuqothuka kwe-Febrile kungenzeka emahoreni angama-24 okuqala emkhuhlane ezinganeni futhi kungaba nomphumela wezifo ezithile ezifana ne-otitis, i-pneumonia, umkhuhlane, amakhaza noma i-sinusitis, isibonelo. Imvamisa, ukuquleka okuncane kusongela impilo futhi akushiyi ingane ngokulandelana kwemizwa.

Ukucindezeleka okukhulu nakho kungadala ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa okufana nokuquleka. Ngalesi sizathu, kubizwa ngokungeyikho njengokuhlaselwa yimizwa, kepha igama layo elifanele yinkinga yokuguqulwa.

Izinhlobo zokuquleka

Ukuquleka kungahlukaniswa kube izinhlobo ezimbili ngokuya ngezingxenye zobuchopho ezibandakanyeka ku:

• Ukuquleka okugxile, lapho kufinyelelwa khona ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yobuchopho futhi umuntu angahle alahlekelwe ukwazi noma abe nezinguquko ezimotweni;
• Ukuquleka okujwayelekile, lapho kuthinteka khona zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho futhi kuvame ukuhambisana nokulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu kuhlukaniswa, ukuquleka kungahlukaniswa ngokwezimpawu nobude besiqephu sokuthathwa sibe:

• Ukugxila okulula, okuwuhlobo lokuquleka okugxile lapho umuntu engalahli khona ulwazi futhi ehlangabezana nezinguquko emizweni, njengamaphunga nokunambitheka, nemizwa;
• Ukugxila okuyinkimbinkimbi, lapho umuntu ezizwa edidekile noma enesiyezi futhi engakwazi ukuphendula imibuzo ethile;
• I-Atonic, ukuthi umuntu ulahlekelwe ithoni yemisipha, adlule futhi alahlekelwe ngokuphelele ukwazi. Lolu hlobo lokuquleka kungenzeka kaningi ngosuku futhi luhlala imizuzwana;
• I-tonic-clonic ejwayelekile, okuwuhlobo olujwayelekile lokudlikiza futhi olubonakala ngokuqina kwemisipha nokuncipha kwemisipha okungazibandakanyi, ngaphezu kokuncipha kwamathe ngokweqile nokukhishwa kwemisindo. Lolu hlobo lokudonsa luhlala cishe kumzuzu owodwa kuya kwemi-3 futhi ngemuva kokuquleka umuntu uzizwa ekhathele ngokweqile futhi angakhumbuli ukuthi enzeni;
• Ukungabikho, evame kakhulu ezinganeni futhi ebonakala ngokulahleka kokuxhumana nomhlaba wangaphandle, lapho umuntu ehlala khona ngokubheka okungacacile nokugxilile imizuzwana embalwa, ebuyela kulo msebenzi ngokujwayelekile sengathi akwenzekanga lutho.

Kubalulekile ukunaka iziqephu zokubanjwa, ikakhulukazi ekubanjweni, ngoba njengoba ihlakaniphile kakhulu, ingabonwa futhi ilibazise ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa.

Izimpawu nezimpawu zokubamba

Ukuthola ukuthi kungukudlikiza yini ngempela, kunezimpawu nezimpawu ezithile ezingabonwa:

• Ukuwa okungazelelwe nokulahlekelwa ukwazi;
• Ukundindizela okungalawuleki kwemisipha ngamazinyo ahlanganisiwe;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha okungazenzeli;
• Ukuvuza noma i-froth emlonyeni;
• Ukulahlekelwa isinye nokulawulwa kwamathumbu;
• Ukudideka okungazelelwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesiqephu sokuquleka, umuntu angakhalaza ngezimpawu ezinjengokukhala ezindlebeni, isicanucanu, isiyezi nokuzizwa ukhathazekile ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ukuquleka kungahlala kusuka kumasekhondi angama-30 kuye emizuzwini embalwa, noma kunjalo, ubude besikhathi ngokuvamile abuhlobene nobukhulu besizathu.

Okufanele ngikwenze

Ngesikhathi sokubanjwa, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukudala indawo ephephile, ukuze umuntu angalimali noma abangele noma yikuphi ukuhlukumezeka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele:

1. Susa izinto ezifana nezihlalo eduze kwesisulu;
2. Beka isisulu eceleni futhi ukhulule izingubo eziqinile, ikakhulukazi entanyeni;
3. Hlala nesisulu size siphaphame.

Ungalokothi ufake iminwe yakho emlonyeni wesisulu, noma uzame ukususa noma yiluphi uhlobo lokufakelwa noma into ngaphakathi emlonyeni, ngoba kunengozi enkulu kakhulu yokuthi abantu bazilume iminwe. Bheka ezinye izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe nokuthi yini ongayenzi ngesikhathi sokudlikiza.

Uma kunokwenzeka, kufanele futhi uqaphele isikhathi sokudlikiza, ukwazisa udokotela uma kunesidingo.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kokuquleka kufanele kuboniswe njalo ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma udokotela wezinzwa. Ngalokhu, ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kuqondwe uma ngabe kunesizathu esidala ukuvela kokuquleka. Uma kunesizathu, udokotela uvame ukuncoma ukwelashwa okufanele kwalenkinga, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-anticonvulsant, efana ne-phenytoin, ukugwema ubungozi bokubanjwa okusha.

Njengoba ukuquleka kuvame ukuba ngumzuzu owehlukile ongenzeki futhi, kujwayelekile ukuthi udokotela angakhombisi ukwelashwa okuthile, noma enze izivivinyo ngemuva kwesiqephu sokuqala. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa uma kuneziqephu zilandelana.