Izimpawu Nezimpawu Zokushoda Kwethusi

-Delile

• 1. Ukukhathala Nobuthakathaka
• 2. Ukugula Njalo
• 3. Amathambo Abuthakathaka NamaBrittle
• 4. Izinkinga Zokukhumbula Nokufunda
• 5. Izinkinga Ukuhamba
• 6. Ukuzwela Kubanda
• 7. Isikhumba Esiphaphathekile
• 8. Izinwele Ezimpunga Zangaphambi kwesikhathi
• 9. Ukulahlekelwa Kombono
• Imithombo Yethusi
• Imiphumela emibi Yethusi Eliningi
• Okusemqoka

Ithusi liyiminerali ebalulekile enezindima eziningi emzimbeni.

Kuyasiza ukugcina imetabolism enempilo, kukhuthaza amathambo aqinile futhi anempilo futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa lusebenza kahle.

Ngenkathi ukuntuleka kwethusi kungavamile, kubonakala sengathi bambalwa abantu namuhla abathola okwanele kwezamaminerali. Eqinisweni, abantu abangafika kuma-25% eMelika naseCanada kungenzeka ukuthi abakahlangani nokunconywa kwethusi okunconyiwe (1).

Ukungaludli ngokwanele ithusi kungagcina kuholele ekushodeni, okungaba yingozi.

Ezinye izimbangela zokushoda kwethusi yisifo se-celiac, ukuhlinzwa okuthinta umgudu wokugaya ukudla futhi kudla i-zinc eningi kakhulu, njengoba i-zinc incintisana nethusi ukuze ingene.

Nazi izimpawu nezimpawu eziyi-9 zokushoda kwethusi.

1. Ukukhathala Nobuthakathaka

Ukushoda kwethusi kungaba ngesinye sezimbangela eziningi zokukhathala nobuthakathaka.

Ithusi libalulekile ekufuneni insimbi emathunjini ().

Lapho amazinga ethusi ephansi, umzimba ungathatha insimbi encane. Lokhu kungadala ukushoda kwe-iron anemia, isimo lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukuthwala i-oxygen eyanele ezicutshini zayo. Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo kungakwenza ube buthakathaka futhi uzizwe ukhathele kalula.

Izifundo eziningana zezilwane zikhombisile ukuthi ukushoda ngethusi kungadala i-anemia (,).

Ngokwengeziwe, amaseli asebenzisa ithusi ukukhiqiza i-adenosine triphosphate (ATP), umthombo wamandla omkhulu womzimba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukushoda kwethusi kungathinta amazinga akho wamandla, okuphinde kukhuthaze ukukhathala nobuthakathaka (,).

Ngenhlanhla, ukudla ukudla okunothe kakhulu kungasiza ekulungiseni i-anemia ebangelwa ukuntula kwethusi ().

Ukushoda kwe-Copper kungadala ukushoda kwe-iron anemia noma kuxegise ukukhiqizwa kwe-ATP, okuholele ebuthakathakeni nokukhathala. Ngenhlanhla, lokhu kungaguqulwa ngokwanda kokudla ithusi.

2. Ukugula Njalo

Abantu abagula kaningi bangaba nokushoda kwethusi.

Lokho kungenxa yokuthi ithusi lidlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni amasosha omzimba aphilile.

Lapho amazinga ethusi esephansi, umzimba wakho ungalwela ukwenza amaseli omzimba. Lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu isibalo samaseli amhlophe egazi, kufake engcupheni amandla omzimba wakho wokulwa nokutheleleka ().

Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukushoda ngethusi kungakunciphisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwama-neutrophils, angamaseli amhlophe egazi asebenza njengomugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela womzimba (,).

Ngenhlanhla, ukudla ukudla okunothe kakhulu kungasiza ukuguqula le miphumela.

Ukushoda kwethusi kunganciphisa amasosha omzimba, okungadala ukuthi abantu bagule kaningi. Lokhu kungaguqulwa ngokwanda kokudla ithusi.

3. Amathambo Abuthakathaka NamaBrittle

I-osteoporosis yisimo esichazwa ngamathambo abuthakathaka futhi aqhephukayo.

Iba yinto ejwayelekile ngokwengeziwe ngeminyaka futhi ixhunyaniswe nokushoda kwethusi ().

Isibonelo, ukuhlaziywa kwezifundo eziyisishiyagalombili okubandakanya abantu abangaphezu kuka-2 100 bathola ukuthi labo abane-osteoporosis babenamazinga aphansi ethusi kunabantu abadala abaphilile ().

Ithusi liyabandakanyeka ezinqubweni ezakha izixhumanisi eziwela ngaphakathi kwamathambo akho. Lezi zixhumanisi ezihamba phambili ziqinisekisa ukuthi amathambo aphilile futhi aqinile (,,).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithusi likhuthaza umzimba ukuthi wenze ama-osteoblast amaningi, okungamaseli asiza ukwakha kabusha nokuqinisa izicubu zamathambo (, 15).

Ithusi liyabandakanyeka ezinqubweni ezisiza ukuqinisa izicubu zamathambo. Ukushoda kwethusi kungakhuthaza ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo, isimo samathambo angenalutho futhi anezimbotshana.

4. Izinkinga Zokukhumbula Nokufunda

Ukushoda kwethusi kungenza kube nzima ukufunda nokukhumbula.

Lokho kungenxa yokuthi ithusi lidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kobuchopho nasekuthuthukisweni.

Ithusi lisetshenziswa ngama-enzyme asiza ukuletha amandla ebuchosheni, asize uhlelo lokuvikela ubuchopho futhi adlulisele amasiginali emzimbeni ().

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuntuleka kwethusi kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nezifo ezicindezela ukukhula kwengqondo noma ezithinta ikhono lokufunda nokukhumbula, njengesifo i-Alzheimer's (,).

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abantu abane-Alzheimer's’s bane-70% engaphansi kwethusi ebuchosheni babo, uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abangenalesi sifo ().

Ithusi lisiza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kobuchopho nokukhula. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuntuleka kwethusi kungadala izinkinga ngokufunda nokukhumbula.

5. Izinkinga Ukuhamba

Abantu abanenkinga yethusi bangakuthola kunzima ukuhamba kahle (,).

Ama-enzyme asebenzisa ithusi ukugcina impilo efanelekile yomgogodla. Amanye ama-enzyme asiza ukuvala umgogodla, ngakho amasiginali angadluliselwa phakathi kobuchopho nomzimba ().

Ukushoda kwethusi kungadala ukuthi la ma-enzyme angasebenzi kahle, okuholele ekuvalelweni kwentambo yomgogodla okuncane. Lokhu, nakho, kubangela ukuthi amasiginali angadluliselwa ngendlela efanele (,).

Eqinisweni, izifundo zezilwane zithole ukuthi ukushoda kwethusi kunganciphisa ukufakwa kwentambo yomgogodla cishe ngama-56% ().

Ukuhamba kulawulwa yizimpawu eziphakathi kobuchopho nomzimba. Njengoba lezi zimpawu zithinteka, ukushoda kwethusi kungadala ukulahleka kokuxhumanisa nokungazinzi (,).

Ithusi lisetshenziswa ngama-enzyme asiza ukugcina uhlelo lwezinzwa olunempilo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amasignali athunyelwa kahle ebuchosheni nasebuchosheni. Ukushoda kungafaka noma kubambezele lezi zimpawu, kubangele ukulahleka kokuxhumana noma ukungazinzi ngenkathi uhamba.

6. Ukuzwela Kubanda

Abantu abanesifo sethusi bangazizwa bezwela kakhulu emazingeni okushisa apholile.

Ithusi, kanye namanye amaminerali afana ne-zinc, kusiza ukugcina ukusebenza kahle kwendlala yegilo.

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi amazinga e-T3 no-T4 ama-hormone e-thyroid ahlobene kakhulu namazinga ethusi. Lapho amazinga ethusi egazi ephansi, la mazinga e-hormone yegilo ayawa. Ngenxa yalokhu, indlala yegilo kungenzeka ingasebenzi kahle. (24, 25).

Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi indlala yegilo isiza ukulawula imetabolism yakho kanye nokukhiqizwa kokushisa, amazinga aphansi e-hormone yegilo angakwenza uzizwe ubanda kalula (26,).

Eqinisweni, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngaphezu kwabantu abangama-80% abanamazinga aphansi ama-hormone e-thyroid bazizwa bezwela kakhulu emazingeni okushisa abandayo ().

Ithusi lisiza ukuqinisekisa amazinga e-hormone e-thyroid enempilo. La mahomoni asiza ukulawula imetabolism yakho nokushisa komzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuntuleka kwethusi kungakwenza uzizwe ubanda.

7. Isikhumba Esiphaphathekile

Umbala wesikhumba unqunywa kakhulu yi-pigment melanin.

Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo bavame ukuba nezingulube ze-melanin ezimbalwa, ezincane nezikhanyayo kunabantu abanesikhumba esimnyama ().

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ithusi lisetshenziswa ama-enzyme akhiqiza i-melanin. Ngakho-ke, ukuntuleka kwethusi kungathinta ukukhiqizwa kwale pigment, kubangele isikhumba esiphaphathekile (,).

Kodwa-ke, kudingeka olunye ucwaningo olwenziwe ngabantu oluphenya ukuxhumana phakathi kwesikhumba esiphaphathekile nokushoda kwethusi.

Ithusi lisetshenziswa ngama-enzyme enza i-melanin, i-pigment enquma umbala wesikhumba. Ukushoda kwethusi kungadala isikhumba esiphaphathekile.

8. Izinwele Ezimpunga Zangaphambi kwesikhathi

Umbala wezinwele nawo uthinteka yi-pigment melanin.

Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi amazinga aphansi ethusi angathinta ukwakheka kwe-melanin, ukushoda kwethusi kungadala izinwele ezimpunga ngaphambi kwesikhathi (,).

Ngenkathi kukhona ucwaningo mayelana nokushoda kwethusi nokwakheka kwe-melanin pigment, azikho izifundo ezike zabheka ukuxhumana phakathi kokushoda kwethusi nezinwele ezimpunga ngqo. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe olwenziwe ngabantu kule ndawo luzosiza ukucacisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwalokhu okubili.

Njengombala wesikhumba, umbala wezinwele uthinteka yi-melanin, edinga ithusi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuntuleka kwethusi kungakhuthaza izinwele ezimpunga ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

9. Ukulahlekelwa Kombono

Ukulahleka kombono yisimo esibi kakhulu esingavela ngokushoda kwethusi isikhathi eside (,).

Ithusi lisetshenziswa ama-enzyme amaningi asiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwezinzwa lusebenza kahle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukushoda kwethusi kungadala izinkinga ngohlelo lwezinzwa, kufaka phakathi ukulahleka kombono (36).

Kubukeka sengathi ukulahleka kombono ngenxa yokushoda kwethusi kuvame kakhulu kubantu abaye bahlinzwa emgudwini wabo wokugaya ukudla, njengokuhlinzwa kokudlula esiswini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kunganciphisa amandla omzimba okumunca ithusi ().

Ngenkathi kunobunye ubufakazi bokuthi ukulahleka kombono okubangelwa ukuntuleka kwethusi kuyabuyiselwa emuva, ezinye izifundo azikhombisanga ukuthuthuka kombono ngemuva kokwanda kokudla ithusi (,).

Ukushoda kwethusi kungadala ukulahleka kombono. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umbono wakho uhlobene kakhulu nesistimu yakho yezinzwa, ethembele kakhulu ethusi.

Imithombo Yethusi

Ngokujabulisayo, ukushoda kwethusi akuvamile, ngoba ukudla okuningi kuqukethe inani elifanele lethusi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga kuphela inani elincane lethusi ukuhlangabezana nokunconywa kwansuku zonke (i-RDI) okungu-0.9 mg ngosuku ().

Ukudla okulandelayo yimithombo emihle kakhulu yethusi (39):

Ukudla nje okunye kwalokhu kudla isonto lonke kufanele kukunikeze ithusi elanele ukugcina amazinga egazi enempilo.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ungathola ithusi ngokumane uphuze amanzi ompompi, njengoba ithusi livame ukutholakala emapayipini aletha amanzi ekhaya lakho. Lokho kusho ukuthi inani lethusi elitholakala emanzini ompompi lincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele udle ukudla okuhlukahlukene okunothe wethusi.

Ithusi litholakala ekudleni okuyisisekelo, yingakho ukushoda kungandile. Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco kufanele kukusize uhlangabezane nemali yansuku zonke enconyiwe.

Imiphumela emibi Yethusi Eliningi

Ngenkathi ithusi libalulekile empilweni efanelekile, udinga kuphela ukudla okuncane nsuku zonke.

Ukudla ithusi eliningi kakhulu kungadala ubuthi bethusi, okuwuhlobo lobuthi bensimbi.

Ubuthi bethusi bungaba nemiphumela engemihle futhi engaba yingozi, kufaka phakathi (,):

• Isicanucanu
• Ukuhlanza (ukudla noma igazi)
• Uhudo
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Izitulo ezimnyama, "ezilindile"
• Ukuphathwa ikhanda
• Ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi
• I-Coma
• Isikhumba esiphuzi (i-jaundice)
• Ukulimala kwezinso
• Ukulimala kwesibindi

Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu ukudla amanani anobuthi wethusi ngokudla okuvamile.

Esikhundleni salokho, kuvame ukwenzeka uma uvezwa ekudleni namanzi angcolile noma usebenza endaweni enamazinga aphezulu ethusi (,).

Ngenkathi ubuthi bethusi bungandile, imiphumela emibi ingaba yingozi kakhulu. Lobu buthi buvame ukwenzeka lapho uvezwa ekudleni nasemanzini angcoliswe ngethusi noma usebenza endaweni enamazinga aphezulu ethusi.

Okusemqoka

Ukushoda kwethusi akuvamile, ngoba ukudla okuningi kunikeza inani elanele lamaminerali.

Uma ukhathazekile ngamazinga akho ethusi, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Bazobona ukuthi usengozini yokushoda ngethusi futhi bangahlola amazinga akho ethusi egazini.

Ukudla nje ukudla okunomsoco kufanele kukusize uhlangabezane nezidingo zethusi zansuku zonke.

Noma kunjalo, kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuze kube yikota yabantu baseMelika naseCanada abadli ithusi elanele, okungakhuphula ubungozi bokushoda ngethusi.

Izimpawu nezimpawu ezijwayelekile zokushoda kwethusi kufaka ukukhathala nobuthakathaka, ukugula njalo, amathambo abuthakathaka futhi aphuke, izinkinga zememori nokufunda, ukuhamba kanzima, ukwanda kokuzwela okubandayo, isikhumba esiphaphathekile, izinwele ezimpunga ngaphambi kwesikhathi nokulahleka kombono.

Ngokujabulisayo, ukwanda kokudla ngethusi kufanele kulungise iningi lalezi zimpawu nezimpawu.