I-Cryptosporidiosis: Okudingeka Ukwazi

-Delile

• Izimbangela ze-cryptosporidiosis
• Izimpawu ze-cryptosporidiosis
• Izici zobungozi ze-cryptosporidiosis
• I-cryptosporidiosis itholakala kanjani
• Ungayiphatha kanjani i-cryptosporidiosis
• Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka
• Okubalulekile

Kuyini i-cryptosporidiosis?

I-Cryptosporidiosis (evame ukubizwa nge-Crypto ngamafuphi) ukutheleleka kwamathumbu okuthelelana kakhulu. Kuvela ekuvezweni kwe- I-Cryptosporidium izimuncagazi, ezihlala emathunjini abantu nezinye izilwane futhi zichithwa ngendle.

Ngokuya nge-Crypto ithinta abantu ababalelwa ku-750,000 ngonyaka. Iningi labantu liyalulama kungakapheli amasonto ambalwa kungekho zinkinga. Kodwa-ke, isifo sohudo esinamanzi, isicanucanu, kanye nezikhukhula zesisu eziza nokutheleleka kungahlala isikhathi eside kwabanye abantu.

Ezinganeni ezincane noma kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, ukutheleleka kungaba yingozi ikakhulukazi.

Imibiko yokuthi i-Crypto itholakala kuzo zonke izingxenye zezwe ngisho nasemhlabeni jikelele.

Izimbangela ze-cryptosporidiosis

Umuntu angathuthukisa i-Crypto ngemuva kokuhlangana nendle engcolile. Lokhu kuvezwa kuvame ukwenzeka ngokugwinya amanzi wokubhukuda wokuzijabulisa. Noma ikuphi lapho abantu bahlangana khona emanzini - amachibi okubhukuda, amapaki wamanzi, izikhuni ezishisayo, amachibi, ngisho nolwandle - kungaqukatha I-Cryptosporidium. Okunye ukutheleleka okungathí sina nakho kungatholwa kulezi zindawo.

Ngokusho kweNational Foundation for Infectious Diseases, I-Cryptosporidium amagciwane ayimbangela ehamba phambili yezifo ezitholakala emanzini kuleli zwe.Izingane ezincane ezivame ukusaphaza futhi zidlale emanzini zisengozini yokutheleleka, okufika ngesikhathi sokubhukuda sokuqala ehlobo nasekwindla.

Imibiko yokuthi izigidi ze I-Cryptosporidium izimuncagazi zingakhishwa ekunyakazeni kwamathumbu komuntu oyedwa onegciwane, okwenza i-Crypto itheleleke kakhulu. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi lesi silokazane sizungezwe igobolondo elingaphandle, simelana ne-chlorine namanye ama-disinfectants. Amagciwane angaphila izinsuku eziningi, ngisho nasemachibini aphethwe kahle ngamakhemikhali.

Amagciwane we-Crypto angasatshalaliswa nangokuxhumana ngesandla. Zingatholakala kunoma iyiphi indawo engcoliswe indle enaleli gciwane. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukutheleleka kungadluliselwa futhi:

• ukudlala ngamathoyizi angcolile
• ukuthinta izindawo zokugezela ngaphandle kokugeza izandla zakho kahle
• ukuphatha izilwane
• ukuya ocansini
• ukuphuza amanzi angalashwa
• ethinta amanabukeni angcolile
• ukuphatha umkhiqizo ongageziwe otshalwe enhlabathini engcolisiwe

Izimpawu ze-cryptosporidiosis

Izimpawu zokutshela ze-Crypto zifaka:

• Uhudo oluvamile nolunamanzi
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• amajaqamba esiswini
• imfiva

Izimpawu ngokuvamile ziqala kungapheli isonto lokuvezwa futhi zingahlala amasonto amabili. Kodwa-ke, ocwaningweni olulodwa olushicilelwe ku-BMC Public Health, abanye abantu babenezimpawu ezaqhubeka izinyanga ezingama-24 kuye kwezingu-36.

Ngezimpawu zesikhathi eside, umuntu usengozini eyengeziwe yokwehla kwesisindo, ukuphelelwa amandla emzimbeni nokungondleki. Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni yabantwana abancane kanye nabantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, njengalabo abane-HIV noma abelashwa ngamakhemikhali. Kunezifo eziningana zezinambuzane ezingaba nezimpawu ezifanayo noma ezihlukile.

Izici zobungozi ze-cryptosporidiosis

Noma ngubani ohlangana nendle engcolile ubeka engcupheni yokuthola i-Crypto. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-10 zivame ukugula ngokutheleleka ngoba kungenzeka zigwinye amanzi okubhukuda.

Abanye abasengozini enkulu ye-Crypto bafaka:

• abasebenzi bokunakekela izingane
• abazali bezingane ezinegciwane
• abaphathi bezilwane
• abantu bavezwa ngamanzi okuphuza angalashwa, njengabahambi emazweni angathuthuki kanye nezinkambi noma abagibeli bezintaba abangaphuza emifuleni

I-cryptosporidiosis itholakala kanjani

Uma udokotela wakho esola i-Crypto, bazothumela isampula yesitulo sakho ebhodini lokuhlola. Amasampula amaningi kungenzeka abhekwe ngoba ifayela le- I-Cryptosporidium izinto ezincane kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuzibona ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Lokhu kungenza ukuthi kube nzima ukuxilonga ukutheleleka. Ezimweni ezingavamile, udokotela wakho angadinga ukusampula izicubu emathunjini akho.

Ungayiphatha kanjani i-cryptosporidiosis

Umuntu one-Crypto udinga ukwandisa uketshezi lokudla ukuze alwe nemiphumela yokwehlisa amandla emzimbeni yohudo olunzima. Uma ukuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni kuqhubeka noma kuba kubi kakhulu, umuntu angalaliswa esibhedlela anikezwe uketshezi olufakwa emithanjeni.

Udokotela wakho angakunika umuthi olwa nohudo i-nitazoxanide, kodwa usebenza kuphela kubantu abanamasosha omzimba aphilile. Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, njengalabo abane-HIV, banganikezwa imishanguzo yokuqinisa amasosha omzimba njengendlela yokulwa nokutheleleka.

Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka

Indlela enhle yokugwema ukutheleleka nge-Crypto nokunikela ekusakazeni kwayo ukwenza. Fundisa izingane imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka zisencane.

I-CDC incoma ukuthi uhlikihle izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi okungenani imizuzwana engama-20 ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• ngemuva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, ukushintsha inabukeni, noma ukusiza abanye basebenzise indlu yangasese
• ngaphambi kokudla noma ukupheka
• ngemuva kokuphatha isilwane
• ngemuva kwengadi, noma ngabe usebenzise amagilavu
• lapho unakekela umuntu onesifo sohudo

I-CDC futhi incoma lezi ezinye izeluleko zokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-Crypto:

• Hlala ekhaya noma ugcine izingane ezincane ekhaya uma wena noma unesifo sohudo esisebenzayo.
• Ungaphuzi amanzi angahlungiwe.
• Shower ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izindawo zokubhukuda zokuzilibazisa ukugeza noma yini engaba khona I-Cryptosporidium izinto eziphilayo emzimbeni wakho.
• Ungagwinyi amanzi echibini.
• Geza yonke imikhiqizo ngaphambi kokuyidla. Ukuxebuka izikhumba kuzonciphisa nengozi yakho.
• Thatha izingane ezincane echibini uye nazo endlini yangasese njalo.
• Shintsha amanabukeni ezingane kaningi.
• Hlala kude namanzi uma wena noma izingane zakho ninohudo. Hlala uphele emanzini isikhathi esingamasonto amabili sigcwalisiwe isifo sohudo.

Okubalulekile

I-Crypto ukutheleleka okuvamile kwamathumbu, ikakhulukazi ehlobo lapho abantu abaningi bejabulela amachibi, amapaki wamanzi, nezinye izindawo zokubhukuda.

Iningi labantu abanamasosha omzimba aphilile bangalulama ku-Crypto ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kepha kwabanye, ukutheleleka nezimpawu zalo ku-wax futhi kunciphe. Kwabanye futhi, kungabulala.

Izindlela ezimbili ezihamba phambili zokuvimbela ukuthola noma ukusabalalisa lesi sifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu ukugeza izandla nokugwema izindawo zamanzi zokuzijabulisa lapho wena noma izingane zakho ninesifo sohudo.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ningaba ne-Crypto, bheka umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Imithi nosizo ekulahlekelweni uketshezi kungadingeka.