Cyclothymia

-Delile

• Ziyini Izimpawu zeCyclothymia?
• I-Cyclothymia ihlonza kanjani?
• Yiziphi Izindlela Zokwelapha zeCylothymia?
• Uyini Umbono weCyclothymia?

Kuyini i-Cyclothymia?

I-Cyclothymia, noma i-cyclothymic disorder, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo emnene okunezimpawu ezifana ne-bipolar II disorder. Kokubili i-cyclothymia ne-bipolar disorder kubangela ukwehla nokwenyuka kwemizwelo, kusuka ekuphakameni kwe-manic kuya kwehle ngokudangala.

I-Cyclothymia ibonakala ngokushintshashintsha kwezimpawu zokucindezeleka ezisezingeni eliphansi kanye nezikhathi ze-mania emnene (hypomania). Izimpawu kufanele zibe khona okungenani iminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokutholakala kwe-cyclothymia (unyaka owodwa ezinganeni). Lezi zinguquko kumzwelo zivame ukwenzeka kumijikelezo, zifinyelele phezulu nasezingeni eliphansi. Phakathi kwalokhu kuphakama nokuphansi, ungazizwa sengathi imizwa yakho izinzile.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zinkinga ezimbili ngamandla. Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo okuhambisana ne-cyclothymia akukubi kangako njengalokhu okuza nenkinga yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo: Labo abane-bipolar disorder baba nezimpawu ezinamandla ezihlangabezana nezindlela zokwelashwa zokutholakala kwe-mania nokucindezeleka okukhulu, kuyilapho labo abane-cyclothymia bezwa “phezulu naphansi,” ichazwe njenge-hypomania nokudangala okuncane. Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-cyclothymia ingandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar.

Isimo sivame ukukhula ebusheni. Abantu abanalesi sifo bavame ukubonakala besebenza ngokujwayelekile, yize bengabonakala “benemizwelo” noma “banzima” kwabanye. Abantu bavame ukungafuni ukwelashwa ngoba ukushintsha kwemizwelo akubonakali kunzima. Abantu abane-cyclothymia kwesinye isikhathi bangakhiqiza kakhulu.

Ngokusho kwe-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual yakamuva ye-Mental Disorders (DSM-V), i-cyclothymia ihlukaniswa nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngenxa yokuthi ayinayo imigomo ephelele yokudangala okukhulu, i-mania, noma i-episode episode exubile. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu abane-cyclothymia bazokwakha i-bipolar I noma i-bipolar II disorder kamuva empilweni.

Ziyini Izimpawu zeCyclothymia?

Abantu abane-cyclothymia bavame ukuzwa amasonto amaningi wokucindezeleka kwezinga eliphansi okulandelwa yisiqephu se-mania emnene esihlala izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Izimpawu ezicindezelayo ze-cyclothymia zingafaka:

• ukucasuka
• ulaka
• ukuqwasha noma i-hypersomnia (ukulala kakhulu)
• izinguquko ekudleni
• ukuncipha noma ukuzuza
• ukukhathala noma amandla amancane
• isifiso sobulili esiphansi nokusebenza
• imizwa yokungabi nathemba, ukungabi nalutho noma ukuzizwa unecala
• ukunganaki, ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo, noma ukukhohlwa
• izimpawu zomzimba ezingachazeki

Izimpawu ze-manic ze-cyclothymia zingafaka:

• ukuzethemba okuphezulu ngokweqile
• ukukhuluma ngokweqile noma ukukhuluma ngokukhulu ukushesha, kwesinye isikhathi ngokushesha abanye banenkinga yokulandela lokho umuntu akushoyo
• imicabango yokujaha (enodaka futhi engahlelekile)
• ukungabi nokugxila
• ukungahlaliseki nokungasebenzi kahle
• ukukhathazeka okwengeziwe
• ukuhamba izinsuku ngaphandle kokulala okuncane noma ngaphandle (ngaphandle kokuzizwa ukhathele)
• ukuphikisana
• ucansi
• ukuziphatha budedengu noma ukuxhashazwa

Ezinye iziguli zithola “izinkathi ezixubekile,” lapho inhlanganisela yezimpawu zomuntu nezicindezelekile zenzeka ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu - esinye silandelwa ngokushesha esinye.

I-Cyclothymia ihlonza kanjani?

Abaphenyi abaqiniseki ukuthi yini ebangela noma ebangela izimpawu ze-cyclothymia. Isimo, nokho, siyaziwa ukuthi sisebenza emindenini.

Umuntu akanayo i-cyclothymia uma ezizwa engenazimpawu izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezimbili. Ukuze uhlukanise i-cyclothymia kusuka ekuthambekeni okuvamile, udokotela wakho uzoqhathanisa izimpawu zakho nalezi zindlela ezilandelayo zomtholampilo:

• Izikhathi eziningi zemizwa ephakeme (i-hypomania) nokudangala okungenani iminyaka emibili (unyaka owodwa ezinganeni nasebusheni) kwenzeka okungenani isigamu sesikhathi
• izikhathi zemizwa ezinzile ehlala isikhathi esingaphansi kwezinyanga ezimbili
• izimpawu ezinomthelela empilweni yakho yansuku zonke - esikoleni, emsebenzini, njll.
• izimpawu ezingahlangabezani nenqubo yokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar, ukucindezeleka okukhulu noma okunye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo
• izimpawu ezingabangelwa ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha

Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wezokwelapha. Angakubuza imibuzo nangokusebenzisa kwakho izidakamizwa noma utshwala.

Ukuhlolwa kweLab kungenziwa futhi ukukhipha ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingadala izimpawu.

Yiziphi Izindlela Zokwelapha zeCylothymia?

I-Cyclothymia yisimo esingelapheki esizodinga ukwelashwa impilo yonke. Uma uyeka ukuthatha imishanguzo - noma ngezikhathi zokuxolelwa - izimpawu zakho zizobuya.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-cyclothymia ingahle ikhule ibe yisifo se-bipolar, kubalulekile ukuthi uthole ukwelashwa okufanele. Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nezidakamizwa kungakhuphula nezimpawu zakho.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-cyclothymia zifaka:

• izimo zokuqinisa imizwa njenge-lithium
• Imithi yokulwa nokubanjwa (eyaziwa nangokuthi ama-anticonvulsants) ifaka i-divalproex sodium (Depakote), lamotrigine (Lamictal), ne-valproic acid (Depakene)
• imishanguzo ye-antipsychotic efana ne-olanzapine (i-Zyprexa), i-quetiapine (i-Seroquel) ne-risperidone (i-Risperdal) ingasiza iziguli ezingayiphenduli imishanguzo elwa nokuquleka
• imishanguzo yokulwa nokukhathazeka njenge-benzodiazepine
• ama-anti-depressants kufanele asetshenziswe kuphela ngokubambisana ne-stabilizer ye-mood ngoba angadala iziqephu ze-manic ezingaba yingozi lapho zithathwa zodwa

I-Psychotherapy ibhekwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa kwe-cyclothymia. Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kwengqondo ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-cyclothymia ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo kanye nokwelashwa kwenhlalakahle.

Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo kugxile ekuboneni izinkolelo nokuziphatha okungekuhle noma okungenampilo nokukufaka esikhundleni sokuhle noma okunempilo. Kungakusiza futhi ukuthi ulawule ukucindezeleka futhi wakhe izindlela zokubhekana nazo.

Ukwelashwa kwenhlalakahle kugxile ekwenzeni ngcono ikhwalithi yempilo yonke kunokulungisa izimpawu ezithile zengqondo. Olunye ucwaningo lwakamuva lomtholampilo luthole ukuthi inhlanganisela yokwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo kanye nokwelashwa kwenhlalakahle kuletha intuthuko enkulu ezimpilweni zeziguli ezine-cyclothymia.

Ezinye izinhlobo zokwelashwa ezingasiza iziguli zibandakanya ukukhuluma, umndeni, noma ukwelashwa kweqembu.

Uyini Umbono weCyclothymia?

Alikho ikhambi le-cyclothymia, kepha kunezindlela zokwelashwa ezizokusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi wakhe uhlelo lokwelashwa oluzofaka phakathi inhlanganisela yemithi nokwelashwa.

Kungaba yisilingo ukuyeka ukuthatha imithi yakho noma ukuya emihlanganweni yokwelashwa ngesikhathi seziqephu ze-hypomania. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi unamathele ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa.