Yini i-diphtheria, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-Diphtheria
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Diphtheria
• Ukuvimbela kanjani ukutheleleka

I-Diphtheria yisifo esingajwayelekile esithathelwanayo esidalwa yigciwane I-Corynebacterium diphtheriae okudala ukuvuvukala nokulimala kwendlela yokuphefumula, futhi kungathinta nesikhumba, ukuhlala njalo ezinganeni ezineminyaka ephakathi kwengu-1 nengu-4 ubudala, yize kungenzeka kuyo yonke iminyaka.

Leli bhaktheriya liyakwazi ukukhiqiza ubuthi obungena egazini futhi obungafinyelela ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba, kepha okuthinta kakhulu ikhala, umphimbo, ulimi nolomoya. Ngokuvamile, ubuthi bungathinta nezinye izitho ezifana nenhliziyo, ubuchopho noma izinso, ngokwesibonelo.

I-diphtheria ingadluliselwa kalula isuka kumuntu iye komunye umuntu ngokuhogela amaconsi amiswe emoyeni lapho umuntu one-diphtheria ekhwehlela noma ethimula. Kubalulekile ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwenziwe ngokushesha lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala, ngoba ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokuya ngesincomo sikadokotela ojwayelekile noma isazi sokutheleleka.

Izimpawu ze-Diphtheria

Izimpawu ze-Diphtheria zingavela ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezingu-5 ngemuva kokuthintana namagciwane futhi imvamisa zihlala ezinsukwini eziyi-10, okuyizona eziyinhloko:

• Ukwakhiwa kwamapuleti ampunga esifundeni samathoni;
• Ukuvuvukala nomphimbo obuhlungu, ikakhulukazi lapho ugwinya;
• Ukuvuvukala kwentamo ngamanzi abuhlungu;
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu, ophakeme kuno-38ºC;
• Impumulo egijimayo enegazi;
• Amanxeba namabala abomvu esikhunjeni;
• Umbala we-Bluish esikhumbeni ngenxa yokushoda komoya-mpilo egazini;
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
• UCoryza;
• Ikhanda;
• Ukuphefumula kanzima.

Kubalulekile ukuthi lowo muntu ayiswe egunjini labezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze noma esibhedlela ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zikadiphtheria, njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi kwenziwe izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwesifo bese, ngaleyo ndlela, aqale ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu , ukugwema ukwanda kwesifo nokudluliselwa kwabanye abantu.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Imvamisa ukuxilongwa kwe-diphtheria kuqalwa ngokuhlolwa komzimba, okwenziwa ngudokotela, kepha izivivinyo zingabuye zi-elwe ukuqinisekisa ukutheleleka. Ngakho-ke, kujwayelekile ukuthi udokotela a-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nesiko lokukhipha umphimbo, okumele liqhamuke kwelinye lamapuleti akhona emphinjeni futhi kumele liqoqwe ngungoti oqeqeshiwe.

Isiko lokufihla umphimbo lihlose ukukhomba ubukhona begciwane futhi, lapho likhona, kwenziwa i-antibiogram ukuze ichaze ukuthi imuphi umuthi olwa namagciwane ofanele ukwelapha ukutheleleka. Ngenxa yekhono lamagciwane lokusabalala ngokushesha lingene egazini, udokotela angacela isiko legazi ukukhomba ukuthi ngabe ukutheleleka sekuvele kufinyelele egazini.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Diphtheria

Ukwelashwa kwe-diphtheria kufanele kuholwe njalo ngudokotela, ovame ukuba ngudokotela wezingane, njengoba kuyisifo esijwayeleke kakhulu ezinganeni, yize kungabuye kunconywe ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma isifo esithathelwanayo kwezinye izimo. Ekuqaleni, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngomjovo we-diphtheria antitoxin, nokuyinto ekwazi ukwehlisa umphumela wobuthi obukhishwe ngamagciwane e-diphtheria emzimbeni, kuthuthukiswe ngokushesha izimpawu futhi kusize ukululama.

Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kusamele kuhambisane nalokhu:

• Imithi elwa namagciwane, imvamisa i-Erythromycin noma iPenicillin: enganikezwa ngendlela yamaphilisi noma njengomjovo, kuze kube yizinsuku eziyi-14;
• Imaskhi yomoya-mpilo: isetshenziswa lapho umoya uthinteka ukuvuvukala komphimbo, ukwandisa inani le-oxygen emzimbeni;
• Amakhambi omkhuhlane, njengeParacetamol: kusiza ukwehlisa ukushisa komzimba, ukuqeda ukungakhululeki nekhanda.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lowo muntu, noma ingane, ene-diphtheria ihlale ngokuphumula okungenani izinsuku ezi-2, ukwenza lula ukululama, ngaphezu kokuphuza uketshezi oluningi emini ukugcina umzimba unamanzi amaningi.

Lapho kunengozi enkulu yokudlulisela lesi sifo kwabanye abantu, noma uma izimpawu zinamandla kakhulu, udokotela angakweluleka ukuthi welaphe usesibhedlela, futhi kungenzeka nokuthi uhlale egumbini lokuzihlukanisa, ukugwema ukudluliswa kwamagciwane.

Ukuvimbela kanjani ukutheleleka

Indlela eyinhloko yokuvimbela i-diphtheria kungokugoma, okuthi, ngaphezu kokuvikela ekulweni ne-diphtheria, futhi kuvikele isifo sokuqina kwesikhwehlela kanye nokukhwehlela. Lo muthi wokugoma kufanele usetshenziswe ngemithamo emithathu, kunconywe ezinyangeni ezi-2, ezi-4 nezingu-6, futhi kufanele ukhushulwe phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-15 nezingu-18 bese uphakathi kwezinyanga ezi-4 kuya kwezi-5. Bheka imininingwane eminingi ngomuthi wokugomela i-diphtheria, tetanus kanye ne-pertussis.

Uma umuntu ehlangane nesiguli esine-diphtheria, kubalulekile ukuya esibhedlela ukuyofaka umjovo we-diphtheria antitoxin futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, uvimbele ukwanda nokudluliswa kwesifo kwabanye abantu. Yize zivame kakhulu ezinganeni, abantu abadala abangenawo umuthi wokugomela i-diphtheria noma abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, basengozini yokutheleleka I-Corynebacterium diphtheriae.