Yini i-dyscalculia, izimpawu eziyinhloko nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Dyscalculia ubunzima bokufunda izibalo, okuvimba ingane ekuqondeni izibalo ezilula, njengokungeza noma ukususa amanani, noma ingekho enye inkinga yokuqonda. Ngakho-ke, lolu shintsho luvame ukuqhathaniswa ne-dyslexia, kepha lwezinombolo.

Imvamisa, labo abahlangabezana nale nkinga baba nobunzima obukhulu ekuqondeni ukuthi yiziphi izinombolo eziphakeme noma eziphansi.

Yize imbangela yayo ethile ingakaziwa, i-dyscalculia ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinye izinkinga zokugxila nokuqonda, njengokushoda kokunaka kanye nokungasebenzi kahle noma i-dyslexia, isibonelo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-dyscalculia zivela cishe eminyakeni engu-4 kuye kwengu-6, lapho ingane ifunda izinombolo, futhi ifaka:

• Kunzima ukubala, ikakhulukazi emuva emuva;
• Ukubambezeleka ekufundeni ukufaka izinombolo;
• Kunzima ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi inombolo enkulu, lapho kuqhathaniswa izinombolo ezilula ezifana no-4 no-6;
• Akakwazi ukudala amasu okubala, njengokubala eminweni yakhe, ngokwesibonelo;
• Ubunzima obukhulu bezibalo obuyinkimbinkimbi kunokungeza;
• Gwema ukwenza imisebenzi engahle ihlanganise izibalo.

Akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma ukuhlolwa okwazi ukuxilonga i-dyscalculia, futhi ngalokhu kubalulekile ukuxhumana nodokotela wezingane okufanele enze ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwamakhono okubala kwengane kuze kube yilapho kungenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Lapho kunokusola ukuthi ingane ingahle ibe ne-dyscalculia, kubalulekile ukwazisa amalungu omndeni nothisha ukuze bazi ngezimpawu ezingaba khona zenkinga, ngaphezu kokuvumela isikhathi esiningi nendawo yokuthi benze imisebenzi ehilela ukusetshenziswa wezinombolo.

Njengoba izibalo singesinye sezifundo ezisiza kakhulu ekukhuleni kwengqondo, le nkinga kufanele ikhonjwe kusenesikhathi, ukuqala ukwelashwa nokugwema imizwa yokungazethembi nokungaqiniseki, ngokwesibonelo.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-dyscalculia kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhlanganyela ngabazali, umndeni, abangani nothisha futhi kuqukethe ukusiza ingane ukuthi yakhe amasu ayivumela ukuthi ijwayele inkinga yayo.

Ngalokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzama ukukhomba izindawo lapho ingane itholakala khona kalula, bese uzama ukuzifaka ekufundeni izinombolo nokubala. Isibonelo, uma kulula ukwenza imidwebo, ungacela ingane ukuthi idwebe amawolintshi ama-4 bese ubhanana aba-2 bese, ekugcineni, uzame ukubala ukuthi zingaki izithelo ezidwetshiwe.

Eminye imibono okufanele isebenze njengesiqondiso sayo yonke imisebenzi yile:

• Sebenzisa izinto ukufundisa izibalo ukwengeza noma ukukhipha;
• Qala ezingeni lapho ingane izizwa ikhululekile khona futhi uhambe kancane uye ezinqubweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe;
• Bekela eceleni isikhathi esanele sokufundisa ukwehlisa umoya nokusiza ingane ukuthi isebenzise;
• Nciphisa isidingo sokubamba ngekhanda;
• Ukwenza ukufunda kujabulise futhi ngaphandle kwengcindezi.

Kubalulekile futhi ukugwema ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi uchaza imisebenzi, noma ngabe usebenzisa indlela emnandi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi ucabanga ngento efanayo kungashiya ingane ikhungathekile, okwenza kube nzima ukuyibamba ngekhanda nayo yonke inqubo yokufunda.