Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Diverticulitis

-Delile

• Kungani kufanele ngihlinzwe i-diverticulitis?
• Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-diverticulitis?
• Ziyini izingozi ezihambisana nalokhu kuhlinzwa?
• Ngikulungiselela kanjani lokhu kuhlinzwa?
• Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuhlinzwa?
• Ngabe zikhona izinkinga ezihambisana nalokhu kuhlinzwa?
• Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama kulokhu kuhlinzwa?
• Uyini umbono walokhu kuhlinzwa?

Kuyini i-diverticulitis?

I-Diverticulitis yenzeka lapho izikhwama ezincane zomgudu wakho wokugaya ukudla, ezaziwa ngokuthi i-diverticula, zivutha. I-Diverticula ivame ukuvuvukala lapho itheleleka.

I-Diverticula ivame ukutholakala kukholoni yakho, ingxenye enkulu yamathumbu akho amakhulu. Imvamisa ayinabungozi ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Kepha lapho zivutha, zingadala izinhlungu nezinye izimpawu ezingaphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Funda ukuze uthole kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-diverticulitis, lapho kufanele ukhethe ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa, nokuningi.

Kungani kufanele ngihlinzwe i-diverticulitis?

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-diverticulitis kuvame ukwenziwa uma i-diverticulitis yakho inzima noma isongela impilo. Imvamisa ungaphatha i-diverticulitis yakho ngokwenza okulandelayo:

• ukuthatha ama-antibiotics anqunyiwe
• usebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID), njenge-ibuprofen (Advil)
• ukuphuza uketshezi nokugwema ukudla okuqinile kuze kuphele izimpawu zakho

Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuhlinzwa uma une:

• iziqephu eziningi ezinzima ze-diverticulitis ezingalawulwa yimithi nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila
• ukopha ku-rectum yakho
• ubuhlungu obukhulu esiswini sakho izinsuku ezimbalwa noma ngaphezulu
• ukuqunjelwa, uhudo, noma ukuhlanza okuhlala isikhathi eside kunezinsuku ezimbalwa
• ukuvinjelwa kukholoni lakho kukugcina ungadluli imfucuza (ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu)
• imbobo kukholoni yakho (ukugcotshwa)
• izimpawu nezimpawu ze-sepsis

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-diverticulitis?

Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwe-diverticulitis yilezi:

• Ukuthengiswa kwamathumbu nge-anastomosis eyinhloko: Kule nqubo, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ususa noma yiliphi ikholoni elinegciwane (elaziwa ngokuthi i-colectomy) bese ethunga ndawonye izingcezu ezisikiwe zezingcezu ezimbili ezinempilo ohlangothini ngalunye lwendawo enegciwane ngaphambili (i-anastomosis).
• Ukuthengiswa kwamathumbu nge-colostomy: Ngale nqubo, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo wenza i-colectomy futhi uxhuma amathumbu akho ngokuvula esiswini sakho (colostomy). Lokhu kuvulwa kubizwa nge-stoma. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angenza i-colostomy uma kunokuvuvukala okukhulu kwamakholoni. Ngokuya ngokuthi ululama kanjani ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo, i-colostomy ingaba yesikhashana noma ehlala unomphela.

Inqubo ngayinye ingenziwa njengokuhlinzwa okuvulekile noma i-laparoscopically:

• Vula: Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo usika ngamasentimitha ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili esiswini sakho ukuvula indawo yakho yamathumbu ukuze uyibuke.
• I-Laparoscopic: Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo usika okuncane kuphela. Ukuhlinzwa kufezwa ngokufaka amakhamera nezinsimbi ezincane emzimbeni wakho ngamashubhu amancane (ama-trocars) ngokuvamile angaphansi kwesentimitha elilodwa ngosayizi.

Ziyini izingozi ezihambisana nalokhu kuhlinzwa?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, ingozi yakho yezinkinga ingakhuphuka uma:

• zikhuluphele
• bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60
• unezinye izimo ezibalulekile zokwelashwa ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• uke wahlinzwa i-diverticulitis noma okunye ukuhlinzwa esiswini ngaphambili
• basesimweni sempilo ebuthakathaka noma bengatholi umsoco owanele
• bahlinzwa ngokuphuthumayo

Ngikulungiselela kanjani lokhu kuhlinzwa?

Emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho, udokotela wakho angakucela ukuthi wenze okulandelayo:

• Yeka ukuthatha imishanguzo enganciphisa igazi lakho, njenge-ibuprofen (Advil) noma i-aspirin.
• Yeka ukubhema okwesikhashana (noma unomphela uma usukulungele ukuyeka). Ukubhema kungenza kube nzima ukuthi umzimba wakho welapheke ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
• Linda noma imuphi umkhuhlane okhona, umkhuhlane, noma umkhuhlane ukuba uqhekeke.
• Faka okunye kokudla esikhundleni seziphuzo bese uphuza imishanguzo yokukhipha isisu ukukhipha amathumbu akho.

Emahoreni angama-24 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho, kungadingeka ukuthi:

• Phuza amanzi kuphela noma olunye uketshezi olucacile, njengomhluzi noma ijusi.
• Ungadli noma uphuze noma yini amahora ambalwa (kufika ku-12) ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
• Thatha noma imiphi imithi udokotela wakho ohlinzayo akunikeza yona ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Qiniseka ukuthi uthatha ikhefu emsebenzini noma eminye imithwalo yemfanelo okungenani amasonto amabili ukuze ululame esibhedlela nasekhaya. Yiba nomuntu olungele ukukuyisa ekhaya uma usudedelwe esibhedlela.

Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuhlinzwa?

Ukwenza ukuthengiswa kwamathumbu nge-anastomosis eyinhloko, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzo:

1. Sika ukuvuleka okuncane okuthathu kuya kwemihlanu esiswini sakho (se-laparoscopy) noma wenze ukuvulwa kwamayintshi ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ukubuka amathumbu akho nezinye izitho (ngokuhlinzwa okuvulekile).
2. Faka i-laparoscope namanye amathuluzi okuhlinza ngokusikeka (nge-laparoscopy).
3. Gcwalisa indawo yakho yesisu ngegesi ukuvumela indawo eyengeziwe yokwenza ukuhlinzwa (kwe-laparoscopy).
4. Bheka izitho zakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi azikho ezinye izindaba.
5. Thola ingxenye ethintekile yekoloni yakho, uyinqume kusuka kukholoni yakho yonke, bese uyikhipha.
6. Sula imikhawulo emibili esele yekholoni yakho ndawonye (i-anastomosis eyinhloko) noma uvule imbobo esiswini sakho bese unamathisela ikholoni emgodini (i-colostomy).
7. Sula ukucubungula kwakho bese uhlanza izindawo ezizungezile.

Ngabe zikhona izinkinga ezihambisana nalokhu kuhlinzwa?

Izinkinga ezingenzeka zokuhlinzwa kwe-diverticulitis zifaka:

• amahlule egazi
• ukutheleleka kwendawo yokuhlinzwa
• ukopha (ukuphuma ngaphakathi)
• sepsis (ukutheleleka emzimbeni wakho wonke)
• isifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi
• ukwehluleka ukuphefumula okudinga ukuthi kusetshenziswe umshini wokuphefumula
• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo
• ukwehluleka kwezinso
• ukunciphisa noma ukuvinjelwa kwekholoni yakho kusuka ezicutshini ezibomvu
• ukwakheka kwethumba eduze kwekholoni (ubomvu obutheleleke kubhaktheriya esilondeni)
• kuvuza endaweni ye-anastomosis
• izitho eziseduze ziyalimala
• ukungazibambi, noma ukungakwazi ukulawula lapho udlula indle

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama kulokhu kuhlinzwa?

Uzohlala cishe izinsuku ezimbili kuya kweziyisikhombisa esibhedlela ngemuva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa ngenkathi odokotela bakho bekuqapha futhi baqinisekisa ukuthi ungaphinde udlulise imfucuza.

Uma usubuyela ekhaya, yenza okulandelayo ukuze uzisize ululame:

• Ungazivocavoci umzimba, uphakamise noma yini esindayo, noma uye ocansini okungenani amasonto amabili ngemuva kokuphuma esibhedlela. Ngokuya ngesimo sakho sokuhlinzwa nokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwakho kuhambe kanjani, udokotela wakho angancoma lo mkhawulo isikhathi eside noma esifushane.
• Yiba neziphuzo ezicacile kuphela ekuqaleni. Kancane kancane faka ukudla okuqinile ekudleni kwakho njengoba ikholoni lakho liphulukisa noma njengoba udokotela ekuyala ukuba ukwenze.
• Landela noma imiphi imiyalo onikezwe yona yokunakekela i-stoma ne-colostomy bag.

Uyini umbono walokhu kuhlinzwa?

Umbono wokuhlinzwa kwe-diverticulitis muhle, ikakhulukazi uma ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa nge-laparoscopically futhi awudingi i-stoma.

Bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• ukopha ekusikeni kwakho okuvalekile noma kudoti wakho
• ubuhlungu obukhulu esiswini sakho
• ukuqunjelwa noma uhudo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa
• isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• imfiva

Ungahle ukwazi ukuvalwa i-stoma ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa uma ikholoni lakho liphulukisa ngokuphelele. Uma ngabe kususwe ingxenye enkulu yekholoni yakho noma uma kunengozi enkulu yokuphinde itheleleke, kungadingeka ukuthi ugcine i-stoma iminyaka eminingi noma unomphela.

Ngenkathi imbangela ye-diverticulitis ingaziwa, ukwenza izinguquko zokuphila ngendlela enempilo kungayinqanda ekukhuleni. Ukudla ukudla okune-fiber ephezulu kuyindlela enconyiwe yokusiza ukuvimbela i-diverticulitis.