Konke Okufanele Ukwazi Nge-Babesia

-Delile

• Izimpawu nezinkinga
• Izimbangela ze-babesiosis?
• Idluliselwa kanjani
• Izici zobungozi
• Ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-babesiosis nesifo seLyme
• Ixilongwa kanjani i-babesiosis
• Ukwelashwa
• Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yakho
• Umbono

Ukubuka konke

Babesia yisinambuzane esincane esithelela amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi. Ukutheleleka nge Babesia ubizwa ngokuthi yi-babesiosis. Ukutheleleka okuyisinanakazana kuvame ukudluliselwa ngokulunywa ngumkhaza.

I-Babesiosis ivame ukuvela ngasikhathi sinye nesifo seLyme. Umkhaza ophethe amagciwane eLyme nawo ungatheleleka nge Babesia amagciwane.

Izimpawu nezinkinga

Ubukhulu bezimpawu ze-babesiosis bungahluka. Ungahle ungabi nazimpawu nhlobo, noma ungaba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. Amanye amacala angadala izinkinga ezinkulu, ezisongela impilo.

A Babesia ukutheleleka kuvame ukuqala ngomkhuhlane omkhulu, ukugodola, imisipha noma amajoyinti, nokukhathala. Izimpawu ezingavamile kakhulu zifaka:

• ikhanda elibi kakhulu
• ubuhlungu besisu
• isicanucanu
• ukulinyazwa kwesikhumba
• ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho namehlo
• ukuguquka kwemizwelo

Njengoba ukutheleleka kuqhubeka, ungaqala ukuba nobuhlungu besifuba noma okhalweni, ukuphefumula okuncane, nokujuluka okumanzisa.

Kungenzeka utheleleke nge Babesia futhi angabi nazimpawu. Umkhuhlane omkhulu obuyela emuva kwesinye isikhathi kuyisibonakaliso se-babesiosis engatholakali.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• umfutho wegazi ophansi kakhulu
• izinkinga zesibindi
• ukuwohloka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, abizwa ngokuthi yi-hemolytic anemia
• ukwehluleka kwezinso
• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo

Izimbangela ze-babesiosis?

I-Babesiosis ibangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane elinjengomalaleveva lohlobo Babesia. I- Babesia ama-parasite nawo angabizwa UNuttalia.

Amagciwane ayakhula futhi akhiqize ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi omuntu noma isilwane esinegciwane, okuvame ukudala ubuhlungu obukhulu ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwamaseli abomvu egazi.

Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 ze- Babesia amagciwane. E-United States, Babesia microti uhlobo lokuthelela abantu, ngokusho kwe-. Ezinye izinhlobo zingatheleleka:

• izinkomo
• amahhashi
• izimvu
• izingulube
• izimbuzi
• izinja

Idluliselwa kanjani

Indlela ejwayelekile yokuthola inkontileka Babesia ukuluma komkhaza onegciwane.

Babesia microti izimuncagazi zihlala emathunjini omkhaza onemilenze emnyama noma inyamazane (Ama-Ixode scapularis). Umkhaza unamathela emzimbeni wamagundane anezinyawo ezimhlophe nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, udlulisela amagciwane egazini lamagundane.

Ngemuva kokuba umkhaza usudle ukudla kwawo kwegazi lesilwane, iyawa bese ilinda ukucoshwa esinye isilwane.

Izinyamazane ezinemisila emhlophe yizinto ezivamile ezithwala umkhaza wezinyamazane. Izinyamazane uqobo azitheleleki.

Ngemuva kokuwa kule nyamazane, umkhaza ngokujwayelekile uyohlala encekeni yotshani, egatsheni eliphansi, noma kudoti wamaqabunga. Uma uyihlikihla, inganamathela esicathulweni sakho, esokeni, noma kolunye uhlangothi lwengubo. Umkhaza ube usukhuphukela phezulu, ufuna isichibi sesikhumba esivulekile.

Cishe ngeke ukuzwe ukulunywa umkhaza, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi awukuboni nokukubona. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi izifo eziningi zabantu zisakazeka ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo nasehlobo ngemikhaza esiteji se-nymph. Ngalesi sigaba, imikhaza icishe ilingane nombala wembewu yepoppy.

Ngaphandle kokulunywa umkhaza, lesi sifo singadlula ngokumpontshelwa igazi okungcolile noma ngokudluliswa kusuka kowesifazane okhulelwe onegciwane kuye embungwini wakhe. Ngokuvamile, kungadluliselwa ngokufakelwa komzimba.

Izici zobungozi

Abantu abangenayo ubende noma amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka basengozini enkulu. I-Babesiosis ingaba yisimo esisongela impilo kulaba bantu. Abantu abadala asebekhulile, ikakhulukazi labo abanezinye izinkinga zempilo, nabo basengozini enkulu.

Ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-babesiosis nesifo seLyme

Umaki ofanayo ophethe ifayela le- Babesia izimuncagazi zingaphinde zithwale amagciwane amise okakhokho abhekane nesifo seLyme.

Ucwaningo lwango-2016 lwathola ukuthi kubantu okutholwe ukuthi bane-Lyme nabo bangenwe yilesi sifo Babesia. Abaphenyi baphinde bathola ukuthi i-babesiosis ivame ukungatholakali.

Ngokusho kwezehlakalo eziningi ze-babesiosis zenzeka eNew England, eNew York, eNew Jersey, eWisconsin naseMinnesota. Lezi yizindawo lapho isifo seLyme sidlange khona, yize iLyme nayo ivame kwenye indawo.

Izimpawu ze-babesiosis ziyefana nezesifo seLyme. Coinfection noLyme futhi Babesia kungadala ukuthi izimpawu zombili zibe nzima kakhulu.

Ixilongwa kanjani i-babesiosis

I-Babesiosis ingaba nzima ukuyithola.

Ezigabeni zokuqala, Babesia izimuncagazi zingatholakala ngokuhlola isampula yegazi ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Ukuxilongwa nge-smear microscopy yegazi kudinga isikhathi esibalulekile nobuchwepheshe. I-Smears ingaba yimbi uma kunezinga eliphansi kakhulu le-parasitemia egazini, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwesifo, futhi kungadingeka ukuthi liphindwe ngezinsuku ezimbalwa.

Uma wena noma udokotela wakho nisolela i-babesiosis, udokotela wakho angenza okunye ukuhlolwa. Bangayalela ukuhlolwa okungaqondile kwe-antibody fluorescent (IFA) kusampula yegazi. Ukuxilongwa kwamangqamuzana, njenge-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), kungasetshenziswa nakwisampula segazi.

Ukwelashwa

Babesia i-parasite futhi ngeke iphendule kuma-antibiotic kuphela. Ukwelashwa kudinga imishanguzo elwa nobuthi, njengaleyo esetshenziselwa umalaleveva. I-Atovaquone kanye ne-azithromycin isetshenziselwa ukwelapha amacala amnene kuya kokumaphakathi futhi ivame ukuthathwa izinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-10. Olunye uhlobo lwemithi yi-clindamycin plus quinine.

Ukwelashwa kwesifo esibuhlungu ngokuvamile kuqukethe i-azithromycin enikezwe ngemithambo yegazi kanye ne-atovaquone yomlomo noma i-clindamycin enikezwe ngemithambo kanye ne-quinine yomlomo. Ngokugula okunzima, kungathathwa ezinye izindlela zokusekela, njengokumpontshelwa igazi.

Kungenzeka ukuthi ukubuyela emuva kwenzeke emuva kokwelashwa. Uma unezimpawu futhi, kufanele zelashwe kabusha. Abanye abantu, njengalabo abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, bangadinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside ekuqaleni ukuze basuse ukutheleleka.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yakho

Ukugwema ukuxhumana nemikhaza kuyindlela evikela kakhulu yokulwa nesifo se-babesiosis nesifo seLyme. Uma ungena ezindaweni ezinamahlathi nezindawo ezinamadlelo lapho kukhona khona izinyamazane, thatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela:

• Gqoka izingubo eziphathwe nge-permethrin.
• Futha umuthi oqukethe i-DEET ezicathulweni zakho, kumasokisi, nasezindaweni eziveziwe.
• Gqoka amabhulukwe amade namahembe enemikhono emide. Faka imilenze yakho yepant emasokisi akho ukuze ungaphumi imikhaza.
• Hlola umzimba wakho wonke ngemuva kokuchitha isikhathi ngaphandle. Yiba nomngane abuke emuva kwakho nasemhlane wemilenze yakho, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwamadolo akho.
• Thatha ishawa bese usebenzisa ibhulashi eliphathwe isikhathi eside ezindaweni ongaziboni.

Umkhaza kufanele unamathisele esikhunjeni sakho ngaphambi kokuba udlulise lesi sifo. Ukunamathisela kuvame ukuthatha amahora athile ngemuva kokuthi umkhaza uthinte isikhumba sakho noma okokugqoka. Noma umkhaza unamathela, kunesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba udlulisele kuwe lo gciwane. Ungaba namahora angama-36 kuye kwangama-48. Lokhu kukunika isikhathi sokubheka umkhaza bese ususa.

Noma kunjalo, kungcono ukuthi uqaphele futhi uhlole imikhaza ngokushesha ngemuva kokungena ngaphakathi. Funda amathiphu okususa umkhaza ngendlela efanele.

Umbono

Isikhathi sokutakula kusuka ku-babesiosis siyahlukahluka kumuntu ngamunye. Awukho umuthi wokugomela i-babesiosis. Lokhu kuncoma ukwelashwa kwezinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kwezingu-10 nge-atovaquone ne-azithromycin yamacala angenakuphikiswa.

Ezinye izinhlangano eziphathelene nokwelashwa kwesifo seLyme nazo zigxile kwi-babesiosis. Xhumana ne-International Lyme and Associated Diseases Society (ILADS) ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nodokotela abagxile kwi-babesiosis.