Ungazibona Kanjani Futhi Uziphathe Kanjani Izifo Ezingamahlalakhona Ezivimbela Amaphaphu

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ungayixilonga kanjani
• Ungayiphatha kanjani i-COPD
• I-Physiotherapy ye-COPD

I-COPD, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, iyisifo sokuphefumula esiqhubekayo esingenalo ikhambi, futhi esidala izimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya, ukukhwehlela nokuphefumula kanzima.

Kungumphumela wokuvuvukala nokonakala kwamaphaphu, ikakhulu okubangelwa ukubhema, njengoba intuthu nezinye izinto ezikhona kusikilidi kancane kancane zibangela ukubhujiswa kwezicubu ezakha imigwaqo yomoya.

Ngaphezu kogwayi, ezinye izingozi zokuthuthukisa i-COPD ukuvezwa intuthu ephuma kuhhavini wezinkuni, ukusebenza ezimayini zamalahle, ukuguqulwa kofuzo emaphashini, ngisho nokuvezwa intuthu kagwayi yabanye abantu, okuwukubhema nje.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa emaphashini kubangela ukuthi amaseli nezicubu zawo kungasebenzi ngendlela ejwayelekile, ngokuvuleka komoya kanye nokubanjwa komoya, okuyi-emphysema, ngaphezu kokungasebenzi kahle kwezindlala ezikhiqiza amafinyila, okubangela ukukhwehlela nokukhiqiza uketshezi lokuphefumula, yi-bronchitis.

Ngakho-ke, izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Ukukhwehlela njalo;
• Ukukhiqizwa kwe-phlegm eningi, ikakhulukazi ekuseni;
• Ukuphefumula okuqala kancane, kuphela lapho kwenziwa imizamo, kepha kuya ngokuya kuba kubi, kuze kube kubi kakhulu bese kufinyelela lapho kutholakala khona noma kumisiwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanalesi sifo bangaba nokutheleleka okuphefumula kaningi, okungaqhubeka nokwandisa izimpawu, ngokuphefumula okuthe xaxa nokufihla, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-COPD eyandayo.

Ungayixilonga kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-COPD kwenziwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-pulmonologist, ngokuya ngomlando womtholampilo womuntu kanye nokuhlolwa komzimba, ngaphezu kwezivivinyo ezifana nesifuba i-X-ray, isifuba esenziwe ngekhompuyutha, kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi, okufana nemithambo yegazi yegazi, ekhombisa kushintsha ukwakheka nokusebenza kwamaphaphu.

Kodwa-ke, isiqinisekiso senziwa ngokuhlolwa okubizwa nge-spirometry, okukhombisa izinga lokuvinjelwa komoya kanye nenani lomoya umuntu angaphefumula ngalo, ngaleyo ndlela ahlukanise lesi sifo njengesincane, esilinganiselwe futhi esinzima. Thola ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani i-spirometry.

Ungayiphatha kanjani i-COPD

Ukwelapha i-COPD kubalulekile ukuyeka ukubhema, ngoba uma kungenjalo, ukuvuvukala nezimpawu kuzoqhubeka nokuba kubi kakhulu, noma kusetshenziswa imithi.

Imithi esetshenzisiwe ikakhulukazi iphampu yokuhogela, ebekwe yi-pulmonologist, equkethe izithako ezisebenzayo ezivula imigwaqo yomoya evumela ukuthi umoya udlule futhi unciphise izimpawu, njenge:

• Ama-Bronchodilators, njengeFenoterol noma i-Acebrofilina;
• Ama-anticholinergics, njenge-Ipratropium Bromide;
• Ama-Beta-agonists, njengeSalbutamol, Fenoterol noma iTerbutaline;
• Ama-Corticosteroids, njengeBeclomethasone, iBudesonide neFluticasone.

Elinye ikhambi elisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa uketshezi lwe-phlegm yi-N-acetylcysteine, engathathwa njenge-tablet noma i-sachet ehlanjululwe emanzini. I-Corticosteroids kumathebulethi noma emthanjeni, njenge-prednisone noma i-hydrocortisone, ngokwesibonelo, isetshenziswa kuphela ezimeni zokweqisa noma ukuwohloka okukhulu kwezimpawu.

Ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo kuyadingeka ezimweni ezinzima, kunenkomba yezokwelapha, futhi kufanele kwenziwe emgodleni we-oksijini wamakhala, amahora ambalwa noma ngokuqhubekayo, kuya ngecala ngalinye.

Esimweni sokugcina, kungenziwa ukuhlinzwa, lapho kukhishwa khona ingxenye yamaphaphu, futhi kunenhloso yokwehlisa ivolumu nokubanjwa komoya emaphashini. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa kuphela ezimweni ezithile ezibucayi kakhulu nalapho umuntu angabekezelela khona le nqubo.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuthatha ezinye izindlela zokuzivikela, njengokuhlala endaweni ekahle lapho ulele phansi, ukwenza lula ukuphefumula, ukhetha ukushiya umbhede utshekile noma uhleli kancane, uma kunzima ukuphefumula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukwenza imisebenzi ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo, ukuze ukuphefumula kube nzima kakhulu, futhi ukudla kufanele kwenziwe ngosizo lwesazi sokudla ukuze izakhi ezidingekayo zokunikeza amandla zishintshwe.

I-Physiotherapy ye-COPD

Ngaphezu kokwelashwa, kunconywa nokwelashwa kokuphefumula njengoba kusiza ukuthuthukisa amandla okuphefumula nekhwalithi yempilo yabantu abane-COPD. Inhloso yalokhu kwelashwa ukusiza ekuvuseleleni ukuphefumula, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise izimpawu, imithamo yemithi kanye nesidingo sokulaliswa esibhedlela. Bona ukuthi yenzelwe ini nokuthi i-physiotherapy yokuphefumula yenziwa kanjani.