Okufanele Ukwazi Ngomuthi Wokugomela we-DTaP

-Delile

• Uyini umuthi wokugoma we-DTaP?
• I-Tdap
• DTP
• Kufanele uwuthole nini umuthi wokugoma we-DTaP?
• Ingabe ikhona imiphumela engemihle?
• Ingabe zikhona izingozi zokuthola umuthi wokugoma we-DTaP?
• Ingabe i-DTaP iphephile ekukhulelweni?
• Ukuthatha

Uyini umuthi wokugoma we-DTaP?

I-DTaP iwumuthi wokugoma ovikela izingane ezifweni ezintathu ezithathelwanayo ezibangelwa amagciwane: i-diphtheria (D), i-tetanus (T), ne-pertussis (aP).

I-Diphtheria ibangelwa yigciwane I-Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Ubuthi obukhiqizwa yilo bhakteriya bungenza kube nzima ukuphefumula nokugwinya, futhi kungalimaza nezinye izitho ezinjengezinso nenhliziyo.

Isifo sokuqina kwemisipha sibangelwa yigciwane Clostridium tetani, ehlala enhlabathini, futhi ekwazi ukungena emzimbeni ngokusikeka nangokusha. Ubuthi obukhiqizwa yigciwane budala ukuqhuma kwemisipha okunzima, okungathinta ukuphefumula nokusebenza kwenhliziyo.

I-Pertussis, noma ukukhwehlela, kubangelwa igciwane IBordetella pertussis, futhi iyathathelana kakhulu. Izinsana nezingane ezine-pertussis ukukhwehlela okungalawuleki futhi kunzima ukuphefumula.

Kuneminye imigomo emibili evikela kulezi zifo ezithathelwanayo - umuthi wokugoma i-Tdap nomuthi wokugoma we-DTP.

I-Tdap

Umuthi wokugoma we-Tdap uqukethe inani eliphansi lezingxenye ze-diphtheria ne-pertussis kunomuthi wokugoma we-DTaP. Izinhlamvu ezincane ezibhalwe “d” kanye no “p” egameni lokugoma ziyakuveza lokhu.

Umuthi wokugoma we-Tdap utholwa ngomthamo owodwa. Kunconyelwe amaqembu alandelayo:

• abantu abaneminyaka engu-11 nangaphezulu abangakawutholi umuthi wokugoma we-Tdap
• abesifazane abakhulelwe ku-trimester yabo yesithathu
• abantu abadala abazoba sezinsaneni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyi-12 ubudala

DTP

Umuthi wokugoma we-DTP, noma we-DTwP uqukethe amalungiselelo akho konke B. i-pertussis ibhaktheriya (wP). Le mithi yokugoma yayihlotshaniswa nemiphumela engemihle ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:

• ububomvu noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yomjovo
• imfiva
• ukucasuka noma ukucasuka

Ngenxa yale miphumela emibi, imigomo ene-purified B. i-pertussis ingxenye yathuthukiswa (aP). Yilokhu okusetshenziswe emithini yokugoma ye-DTaP ne-Tdap. Ukusabela okubi ngale mithi yokugoma kunaleyo ye-DTP, engasatholakali e-United States.

Kufanele uwuthole nini umuthi wokugoma we-DTaP?

Umuthi wokugoma we-DTaP unikezwa ngemithamo emihlanu. Izingane kufanele zithole umthamo wazo wokuqala ezinyangeni ezimbili ubudala.

Imithamo emine esele ye-DTaP (ama-boosters) kufanele inikezwe kule minyaka elandelayo:

• 4 izinyanga
• Izinyanga eziyi-6
• phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-15 nezingu-18
• phakathi kweminyaka engu-4 nengu-6 ubudala

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela engemihle?

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yokugoma i-DTaP ifaka:

• ububomvu noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yomjovo
• ubumnene esizeni somjovo
• imfiva
• ukucasuka noma ukuxokozela
• ukukhathala
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla

Ungasiza ekudambiseni izinhlungu noma imfiva kulandela ukugoma kwe-DTaP ngokunikeza ingane yakho i-acetaminophen noma ibuprofen, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ubuza nodokotela wengane yakho ukuthola umthamo ofanele.

Ungafaka futhi indwangu efudumele, emanzi endaweni yokujova ukusiza ukudambisa ubuhlungu.

Shayela udokotela wengane yakho uma ingane yakho ihlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo ngemuva kokugoma kwe-DTaP:

• umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-105 ° F (40.5 ° C)
• ukukhala okungalawuleki amahora amathathu noma ngaphezulu
• isithuthwane
• izimpawu zokuphendula okweqile, okungabandakanya isifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, nokuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo

Ingabe zikhona izingozi zokuthola umuthi wokugoma we-DTaP?

Kwezinye izimo, ingane akufanele iwuthole umuthi wokugoma we-DTaP noma kufanele ilinde ukuwuthola. Kufanele wazise udokotela wakho uma ingane yakho inayo:

• ukusabela okungathi sína kulandela umthamo wangaphambilini we-DTaP, ongafaka ukubanjwa, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuvuvukala
• noma yiziphi izinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa, kufaka phakathi umlando wokuquleka
• ukuphazamiseka kokuzivikela komzimba okubizwa nge-Guillain-Barré syndrome

Udokotela wakho anganquma ukuhlehlisa ukugoma kuze kufike olunye uhambo noma anikeze ingane yakho umuthi wokugoma ohlukile oqukethe umuthi wokugomela i-diphtheria ne-tetanus kuphela (umuthi wokugoma we-DT).

Ingane yakho isengawuthola umuthi wayo wokugoma we-DTaP uma inokugula okuncane, njengomkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane yakho inokugula okulingene noma okunzima, ukugoma kufanele kuhlehliswe kuze kube ilulama.

Ingabe i-DTaP iphephile ekukhulelweni?

Umuthi wokugoma we-DTaP usetshenziselwa izinsana nezingane ezisencane kuphela. Abesifazane abakhulelwe akufanele bathole umuthi wokugoma we-DTaP.

Kodwa-ke, i-CDC yokuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe bathola umuthi wokugoma i-Tdap ku-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa ngakunye.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinsana azitholi umthamo wazo wokuqala we-DTaP zize zibe nezinyanga ezimbili ubudala, okubashiya besengozini yokuthola izifo ezingaba yingozi njenge-pertussis phakathi nezinyanga zabo zokuqala ezimbili.

Abesifazane abathola umuthi wokugoma i-Tdap phakathi ne-trimester yabo yesithathu bangadlulisela amasosha omzimba enganeni yabo engakazalwa. Lokho kungasiza ukuvikela ingane ngemuva kokuzalwa.

Ukuthatha

Umuthi wokugoma we-DTaP unikezwa izinsana nezingane ezincane ngemithamo emihlanu futhi uvikela ezifweni ezintathu ezithathelwanayo: i-diphtheria, i-tetanus, ne-pertussis. Izinsana kufanele zithole umthamo wazo wokuqala ezinyangeni ezimbili ubudala.

Umuthi wokugoma we-Tdap uvikela ezifweni ezintathu ezifanayo, futhi uvame ukunikezwa njengesikhuthazi sesikhathi esisodwa kubantu abaneminyaka eyi-11 nangaphezulu.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele futhi bahlele ukuthola i-Tdap booster phakathi ne-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa. Lokhu kungasiza ukuvikela ingane yakho ezifweni ezinjenge-pertussis esikhathini esingaphambi kokugoma kwayo i-DTaP yokuqala.