Ukuphikelela Kokucindezeleka Okuqhubekayo (Dysthymia)

-Delile

• Izimpawu Zokuphazamiseka Kokucindezeleka Okuqhubekayo
• Izimbangela Zokuphazamiseka Kokucindezeleka Okuqhubekayo
• Ukuhlonza Ukuphazamiseka Kokucindezeleka Okuqhubekayo
• Ukwelapha Ukuphikelela Kokucindezeleka
• Imithi
• Ukwelashwa
• Izinguquko Zokuphila
• Umbono Wesikhathi Eside Wabantu Abane-Persistent Depression Disorder
• Q:
• A:

Kuyini Ukuphikelela Kokucindezeleka Okuphikisayo (PDD)?

Isifo sokucindezeleka esiqhubekayo (PDD) siyindlela yokudangala okungapheli. Kuyinto ukuxilongwa okusha okuhlanganisa ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kwe-dysthymia kanye nesifo sokucindezeleka okungamahlalakhona okungamahlalakhona. Njengezinye izinhlobo zokudangala, i-PDD ibangela imizwa eqhubekayo yokudabuka okujulile nokungabi nathemba. Le mizwa ingathinta imizwa yakho nokuziphatha kwakho kanye nemisebenzi yomzimba, kufaka phakathi isifiso sokudla nokulala. Ngenxa yalokhu, abantu abanalesi sifo bavame ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokwenza imisebenzi ababeyithokozela futhi baba nobunzima bokuqeda imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Lezi zimpawu zibonakala kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokucindezeleka. Ku-PDD, noma kunjalo, izimpawu azinzima kangako futhi zihlala isikhathi eside. Zingaqhubeka iminyaka futhi zingaphazamisa isikole, umsebenzi, nobudlelwano bomuntu siqu. Isimo esingapheli sePDD singenza kube yinselele enkulu ukubhekana nezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, inhlanganisela yemithi nokwelashwa kokukhuluma kungasebenza ekwelapheni i-PDD.

Izimpawu Zokuphazamiseka Kokucindezeleka Okuqhubekayo

Izimpawu ze-PDD ziyefana nezokudangala. Kodwa-ke, umehluko omkhulu ukuthi i-PDD ayipheli, nezimpawu zivela ezinsukwini eziningi okungenani iminyaka emibili. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• imizwa eqhubekayo yosizi nokuphelelwa yithemba
• izinkinga zokulala
• amandla aphansi
• ushintsho ekudleni
• ubunzima bokugxila
• ukunganqumi
• ukungabi nentshisekelo emisebenzini yansuku zonke
• umkhiqizo wehlile
• ukungazethembi
• isimo sengqondo esingesihle
• ukugwema imisebenzi yomphakathi

Izimpawu ze-PDD zivame ukuqala ukuvela ebuntwaneni noma ebusheni. Izingane nentsha ene-PDD ingahle ibonakale icasukile, ijabule, noma ingenathemba esikhathini eside. Bangakhombisa nezinkinga zokuziphatha, ukusebenza kabi esikoleni, nobunzima bokuxhumana nezinye izingane ezimweni zenhlalo. Izimpawu zabo zingahle zidlule iminyaka eminingana, futhi ubunzima bazo bungahluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izimbangela Zokuphazamiseka Kokucindezeleka Okuqhubekayo

Isizathu sePDD asaziwa. Izici ezithile zingaba nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni isimo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ukungalingani kwamakhemikhali ebuchosheni
• umlando womndeni walesi simo
• umlando wezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo, njengokukhathazeka noma ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar
• izehlakalo zokuphila ezicindezelayo noma ezihlukumezayo, njengokulahlekelwa othandekayo noma izinkinga zezimali
• ukugula okungapheli komzimba, njengesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sikashukela
• ukuhlukumezeka kwengqondo, ngokomzimba

Ukuhlonza Ukuphazamiseka Kokucindezeleka Okuqhubekayo

Ukuze wenze ukuxilongwa okunembile, udokotela wakho uzoqala ahlole ngokomzimba. Udokotela wakho uzophinde enze ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma okunye ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri ukukhipha izimo zezokwelapha ezingaba khona ezingadala izimpawu zakho. Uma kungekho ncazelo ebonakalayo yezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angaqala ukusola ukuthi unesimo sempilo yengqondo.

Udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo ethile ukuze ahlole isimo sakho samanje ngokwengqondo nangokomzwelo. Kubalulekile ukwethembeka kudokotela wakho mayelana nezimpawu zakho. Izimpendulo zakho zizobasiza ukuthi banqume ukuthi unayo yini i-PDD noma olunye uhlobo lokugula ngengqondo.

Odokotela abaningi basebenzisa izimpawu ezibhalwe ku-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) ukuthola iPDD. Le manuwali ishicilelwe yiAmerican Psychiatric Association. Izimpawu ze-PDD ezisohlwini lwe-DSM-5 zifaka:

• isimo sokucindezeleka cishe nsuku zonke isikhathi esiningi sosuku
• ukungadli kahle noma ukudla ngokweqile
• ubunzima bokulala noma ukulala
• amandla amancane noma ukukhathala
• ukuzenyeza
• ukugxilisa ingqondo kabi noma ukuthola izinqumo ezinzima
• imizwa yokuphelelwa ithemba

Ukuze abantu abadala batholakale benalesi sifo, kumele babhekane nesimo sokucindezeleka usuku lonke, cishe nsuku zonke, iminyaka emibili noma ngaphezulu.

Ukuze izingane noma intsha itholwe ukuthi inalesi sifo, kufanele zithole ukucindezeleka noma ukucasuka cishe usuku lonke, cishe zonke izinsuku, okungenani unyaka owodwa.

Uma udokotela wakho ekholelwa ukuthi une-PDD, kungenzeka bakudlulisele kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo ukuze aqhubeke nokuhlolwa nokwelashwa.

Ukwelapha Ukuphikelela Kokucindezeleka

Ukwelashwa kwe-PDD kuqukethe ukwelashwa nokwelashwa kokukhuluma. Imithi kukholakala ukuthi iyindlela yokwelashwa ephumelela kakhulu kunokwelashwa ngezinkulumo lapho isetshenziswa yodwa. Kodwa-ke, inhlanganisela yemithi nokwelashwa kokukhuluma ngokuvamile kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa.

Imithi

I-PDD ingelashwa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-anti-depressants, kufaka phakathi:

• i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors ekhethiwe (i-SSRIs), efana ne-fluoxetine (i-Prozac) ne-sertraline (i-Zoloft)
• ama-tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), njenge-amitriptyline (Elavil) ne-amoxapine (Asendin)
• i-serotonin ne-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), efana ne-desvenlafaxine (Pristiq) ne-duloxetine (i-Cymbalta)

Ungahle udinge ukuzama imithi ehlukene nemithamo ukuthola isisombululo esisebenzayo. Lokhu kudinga ukubekezela, njengoba imithi eminingi ithatha amasonto ambalwa ukuze iqale ukusebenza ngokugcwele.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma uqhubeka nokukhathazeka ngemithi yakho. Udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukwenza ushintsho kumthamo noma emithini. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ukuyeka ukwelashwa ngokungazelelwe noma ukuphuthelwa imithamo eminingana kungadala izimpawu ezifana nokuhoxa futhi kwenze izimpawu zokucindezeleka zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kokukhuluma kuyindlela yokwelashwa enenzuzo kubantu abaningi abane-PDD. Ukubona umelaphi kungakusiza ufunde ukuthi:

• zwakalisa imicabango nemizwa yakho ngendlela enempilo
• bhekana nemizwa yakho
• ukuzivumelanisa nenselelo yempilo noma inkinga
• khomba imicabango, isimilo, nemizwa edala noma ebhebhethekisa izimpawu
• shintsha izinkolelo ezingezinhle ufake ezinhle
• uphinde uthole umuzwa wokwaneliseka nokulawula empilweni yakho
• zibekele imigomo enengqondo

Ukwelashwa kokukhuluma kungenziwa ngawodwana noma njengeqembu. Amaqembu okusekela afanele labo abafisa ukuhlanganyela imizwa yabo nabanye ababhekene nezinkinga ezifanayo.

Izinguquko Zokuphila

I-PDD yisimo esihlala isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubamba iqhaza ngenkuthalo ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa. Ukwenza ukulungisa okuthile kwendlela yokuphila kungasiza ekwelapheni futhi kusize ekunciphiseni izimpawu. La makhambi afaka:

• ukuzivocavoca okungenani kathathu ngesonto
• ukudla ukudla okuqukethe kakhulu ukudla kwemvelo, njengezithelo nemifino
• ukugwema izidakamizwa notshwala
• ukubona i-acupuncturist
• ukuthatha izithasiselo ezithile, kufaka phakathi i-wort yaseSt
• ukuzijayeza i-yoga, i-tai chi, noma ukuzindla
• ukubhala ephephabhukwini

Umbono Wesikhathi Eside Wabantu Abane-Persistent Depression Disorder

Njengoba iPDD iyisifo esingelapheki, abanye abantu abapholi ngokuphelele. Ukwelashwa kungasiza abantu abaningi ukuphatha izimpawu zabo, kepha akuphumelelanga kuwo wonke umuntu. Abanye abantu bangaqhubeka nokuthola izimpawu ezinzima eziphazamisa impilo yabo yangasese noma yobungcweti.

Noma nini lapho unenkinga yokubhekana nezimpawu zakho, shayela iNational Suicide Prevention Lifeline ku-800-273-8255. Kunabantu abatholakala amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngesonto ukukhuluma nawe nganoma iyiphi inkinga ongahle ube nayo. Ungavakashela iwebhusayithi yabo ukuthola usizo olwengeziwe nezinsizakusebenza.

Q:

Ngingamsiza kanjani umuntu onesifo sokucindezeleka esiphikelelayo?

Isiguli esingaziwa

A:

Into ebaluleke kakhulu umuntu angayenza ukusiza umuntu onenkinga eqhubekayo yokucindezeleka ukubona ukuthi unesifo sangempela futhi akazami ukuba "nzima" ekusebenzisaneni kwakho nawe. Kungenzeka bangasabeli ezindabeni ezimnandi noma ezenzakalweni ezinhle zokuphila ngendlela abantu abangenayo le nkinga abangasabela ngayo. Kufanele ubakhuthaze futhi ukuba baye kukho konke ukubonana kwabo nodokotela kanye nodokotela futhi baphuze nemithi yabo njengoba kunqunyiwe.

UTimothy Legg PhD, PMHNP-BC, GNP-BC, CARN-AP, MCHESIzimpendulo zimelela imibono yochwepheshe bethu bezokwelapha. Konke okuqukethwe kunolwazi oluqinile futhi akufanele kuthathwe njengezeluleko zezokwelapha.