Imiphumela Yomdlavuza Wamaphaphu Emzimbeni

-Delile

• Uhlelo lokuphefumula
• Izinhlelo zokujikeleza kwegazi nezenhliziyo
• Amasistimu omzimba nawokukhishwa kwangaphandle
• Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi
• Izinhlelo zamathambo nemisipha
• Ezinye izinhlelo

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngumdlavuza oqala kumaseli amaphaphu. Akufani nomdlavuza oqala kwenye indawo futhi usabalale uye emaphashini. Ekuqaleni, izimpawu eziyinhloko zihilela uhlelo lokuphefumula. Ezigabeni zakamuva zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ikakhulukazi uma usakazekela ezindaweni ezikude, ungathinta amasistimu amaningi emzimbeni wakho.

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu ungathinta okungaphezu nje kwamaphaphu akho. Lapho nje unesimila emaphashini akho, amangqamuzana omdlavuza angaphuma futhi akhe izicubu ezintsha eduze noma uma amangqamuzana omdlavuza aphambukayo engena ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic noma egazini, angahambela ezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-metastasis. Umdlavuza wamaphaphu uvame ukusakazeka ku:

• ama-lymph node
• amathambo
• ubuchopho
• isibindi
• izindlala ze-adrenal

Ekuqaleni, kuthinta kuphela amaphaphu nohlelo lokuphefumula. Ezinye izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza uthuthela kuphi.

Uhlelo lokuphefumula

Njengoba amangqamuzana anomdlavuza ephashini ehlukana futhi anda, akha isimila. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izicubu ezintsha zingakhula eduze kwamaphaphu noma kulwelwesi oluzungeze amaphaphu. Ulwelwesi oluzungeze amaphaphu lubizwa ngokuthi i-pleura. Ingasakazeka nasemoyeni nasemdongeni wesifuba.

Akuyona into engavamile ukungabi nazimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala zomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ezigabeni zokuqala, umdlavuza wamaphaphu awubonakali kalula esifubeni i-X-ray.

Ekuqaleni, ungabona izimpawu ezimbalwa zokuphefumula. Ukuqubuka njalo kwe-bronchitis noma i-pneumonia kungaba uphawu lomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ungazwakala uphundla noma uqaphele ezinye izinguquko ezwini lakho.

Ungaqala ukukhwehlela okuphikelelayo noma okuphindaphindayo. Ukukhwehlela okukhulu kungaveza amafinyila. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, amafinyila angashintsha umbala noma abe negazi kuwo. Ukukhwehlela okunzima nokugenca kungaholela ebuhlungwini bomphimbo nesifuba. Ubuhlungu besifuba bungaba nzima uma uphefumula noma ukhwehlela.

Uphawu oluvamile lomdlavuza wamaphaphu oluthuthukile ukuphefumula okuncane. Ungahle uhehe noma uzwe eminye imisindo lapho uphefumula. Njengoba izicubu ezinomdlavuza ziqala ukuvimba izindlela zakho zomoya, ukuphefumula kuba nzima kakhulu.

Uketshezi lunganqwabelana emaphashini. Uma lokho kwenzeka, amaphaphu akho awakwazi ukunwebeka ngokugcwele lapho uphefumula. Ngisho nomsebenzi omnene womzimba ungaba yingcindezi ekuphefumuleni kwakho.

Izinhlelo zokujikeleza kwegazi nezenhliziyo

Amaseli anomdlavuza avela emaphashini angangena egazini. Uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi ngenye indlela umdlavuza osakazeka ngayo usuka emaphashini uye kwezinye izitho.

Uma ukhwehlela igazi, kungenzeka ukuthi izicubu ezisendleleni yakho yomoya ziyopha. Uma ukopha kunzima, izindlela zokuyilawula ziyatholakala. Ukwelashwa kungafaka imisebe ye-palliative noma ukuhlanganiswa kwemithambo ye-bronchial. Ekuhlanganisweni komthambo we-bronchial, udokotela wakho usebenzisa ipayipi ukuthola indawo nokuvimba umthambo opha.

Uma unomdlavuza wamaphaphu, usengozini eyengeziwe yamahlule egazi. Ukuqina kwegazi okuya emaphashini kubizwa ngokuthi yi-pulmonary embolism. Kungumcimbi osongela impilo.

Funda kabanzi: I-Pulmonary embolism »

Akukwenzeka kaningi, kepha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ungasabalala uye enhliziyweni noma esikhwameni se-pericardial. Isikhwama se-pericardial izicubu ezizungeze inhliziyo. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza, njengokwelashwa ngemisebe kungaba yingozi kumaseli enhliziyo. Ukulimala kwenhliziyo kungabonakala ngokushesha, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kuthatha iminyaka ukukuthola.

Amasistimu omzimba nawokukhishwa kwangaphandle

Umdlavuza ungasasaza emaphashini ngokufaka ama-lymph node aseduze. Kanye ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic amaseli angafinyelela kwezinye izitho bese enza izicubu ezintsha.

Izigaxa namaqhubu azungeze i-collarbone yakho, intamo, noma amakhwapha kungenzeka kungenxa yomdlavuza kuma-lymph node. Ungase futhi uqaphele ukuvuvukala kwentamo noma kobuso.

Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu zidala izinto ezifana namahomoni ukuthi zingene egazini. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni nezinye izitho zomzimba. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi “ama-paraneoplastic syndromes.”

Enye yezindawo ezivamile zokusatshalaliswa umdlavuza wamaphaphu yisibindi, esingadala i-jaundice. Izimpawu ze-jaundice zifaka ukuphuzi kwesikhumba nemhlophe yamehlo akho. Esinye isibonakaliso somdlavuza esibindini ubuhlungu ohlangothini lwakho lwesokudla. Ukuzizwa ugula ngemuva kokudla ukudla okunothile kungesinye isibonakaliso. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola okuningi ngempilo yakho yesibindi.

Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi

Ungaba nekhanda nezinye izimpawu zezinzwa uma umdlavuza usakazekela ebuchosheni. Isimila sobuchopho singadala:

• izinkinga zememori
• izinguquko ezibukwayo
• isiyezi
• isithuthwane
• ukuba ndikindiki kwezitho
• ubuthakathaka bezitho
• indlela engazinzile
• izinkinga zokulinganisela

Lapho izicubu zakheka engxenyeni engenhla yamaphaphu akho, zibizwa ngokuthi izimila zePancoast. Zingaholela ku-Horner's syndrome. I-Horner's syndrome ithinta izinzwa ebusweni nasemehlweni. Izimpawu ze-Horner's syndrome zifaka ukuconsa kwejwabu leso elilodwa, umfundi oyedwa omncane kunomunye, nokungabi nomjuluko kulelo hlangothi lobuso. Kungadala nobuhlungu ehlombe.

Izinhlelo zamathambo nemisipha

Umdlavuza osakazeka emathanjeni ungaholela ebuhlungwini bamathambo nemisipha, buthaka amathambo, kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokwaphuka. Ukufanekisa izivivinyo ezinjenge-X-ray noma ukuskena kwamathambo kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthola umdlavuza emathanjeni.

Izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza wamaphaphu zihlotshaniswa nokukhula kwesifo seLambert-Eaton, okuyisifo esizimele. I-Lambert-Eaton syndrome iphazamisa amasiginali asuka emithanjeni iye emisipheni futhi ingadala ubuthakathaka bemisipha, obungathinta:

• ukuhamba
• ukugwinya
• ukuhlafuna
• ekhuluma

Ezinye izinhlelo

Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zomdlavuza zifaka:

• ukuncipha kwesisindo okungaqondakali
• ukungathandi ukudla
• ubuthakathaka jikelele
• ukukhathala

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu uvame ukusabalala uye ezindlaleni ze-adrenal, kodwa akuhlali kubangela izimpawu. Ukushintshashintsha kwamahomoni kungakwenza uzizwe ubuthakathaka futhi unesiyezi futhi kungaba nomthelela ekwehliseni isisindo. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging ukubheka umdlavuza kuzindlala ze-adrenal.