Yini i-Ewing’s Sarcoma?

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu noma izimpawu ze-Ewing’s sarcoma?
• Yini ebangela i-sarcoma ka-Ewing?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-swingoma ka-Ewing?
• Ixilongwa kanjani i-Ewing’s sarcoma?
• Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa
• Ama-Biopsies
• Izinhlobo ze-Ewing’s sarcoma
• Yelashwa kanjani i-sarcoma ka-Ewing?
• Izinketho zokwelashwa kwe-sarcoma ye-Ewing
• Izinketho zokwelashwa kwe-sarcoma ye-Ewing's metastasized and recurrent
• Uyini umbono wabantu abane-sarcoma ka-Ewing?

Ingabe lokhu kuvamile?

I-sarcoma ka-Ewing iyisimila somdlavuza esingavamile samathambo noma izicubu ezithambile. Kwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abasha.

Sekukonke, kuthinta abaseMelika. Kepha ezinganeni ezineminyaka yobudala eyi-10 kuye kwengu-19, lokhu kwehlela kubantu baseMelika abakuleli banga leminyaka.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi cishe amacala angama-200 atholakala e-United States unyaka ngamunye.

I-sarcoma ibizwa ngegama likadokotela waseMelika uJames Ewing, owaqala wachaza isimila ngo-1921. Akucaci ukuthi yini ebangela i-Ewing's, ngakho-ke azikho izindlela ezaziwayo zokuvimbela. Isimo siyelapheka, futhi, uma sibanjwa kusenesikhathi, ukululama ngokuphelele kungenzeka.

Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde kabanzi.

Ziyini izimpawu noma izimpawu ze-Ewing’s sarcoma?

Uphawu oluvame kakhulu lwe-Ewing’s sarcoma ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yesimila.

Abanye abantu bangaba nesigaxa esibonakalayo ebusweni besikhumba sabo. Indawo ethintekile nayo ingafudumala lapho uthinta.

Ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• imfiva
• ukuncipha komzimba
• ukukhathala
• ukuzwa okungajwayelekile (malaise)
• ithambo eliphuka ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo
• i-anemia

Izicubu zivame ukwenzeka ezingalweni, emilenzeni, okhalweni noma esifubeni. Kungaba nezimpawu eziqonde ngqo endaweni yesimila. Isibonelo, ungathola ukuphefumula okuncane uma isimila sitholakala esifubeni sakho.

Yini ebangela i-sarcoma ka-Ewing?

Imbangela ngqo ye-swingoma ka-Ewing ayicaci. Akuzuzwa njengefa, kepha kungahle kuhlobene nezinguquko ezingezona izakhi zofuzo ezithile ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokuphila komuntu. Lapho ama-chromosomes 11 no-12 eshintshana ngezinto zofuzo, enza ukuthi amaseli akhule ngokweqile. Lokhu kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwe-sarcoma ka-Ewing.

ukunquma uhlobo oluthile lweseli lapho i-sarcoma evela ku-Ewing iqhubeka khona.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-swingoma ka-Ewing?

Yize i-sarcoma ka-Ewing ingakhula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngaphezu kwabantu abanesimo abatholakala besakhula. Iminyaka yobudala ephakathi kwalabo abathintekile.

E-United States, i-swingoma ka-Ewing inamathuba amaningi okuthi ithuthuke kubantu baseCaucasus kunaseAfrika yaseMelika. I-American Cancer Society ibika ukuthi umdlavuza kuyaqabukela uthinta ezinye izinhlanga.

Abesilisa futhi kungenzeka babe sethubeni lokuthuthukisa lesi simo. Ocwaningweni lwabantu abangu-1,426 abathintekayo ngabakwa-Ewing’s, babengabesilisa futhi bengabesifazane.

Ixilongwa kanjani i-Ewing’s sarcoma?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho nibhekana nezimpawu, bonana nodokotela wakho. Cishe ezimeni ezithile, lesi sifo sesivele sisakazekile, noma sasisatshalaliswa, ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa. Ngokushesha ukuxilongwa kwenziwa, ukwelashwa okuphumelela kakhulu kungaba.

Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa inhlanganisela yalezi zivivinyo zokuxilonga ezilandelayo.

Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa

Lokhu kungafaka okukodwa noma okuningi kokulandelayo:

• Ama-X-ray ukufanekisa amathambo akho bese ekhomba ubukhona besimila
• I-MRI iskena isithombe sezicubu ezithambile, izitho, imisipha, nezinye izakhiwo bese ikhombisa imininingwane yesimila noma okunye okungajwayelekile
• Ukuskena kwe-CT ukufaka izingxenye ezinqamulelayo zamathambo nezicubu
• Ukucabanga kwe-EOS ukukhombisa ukuxhumana kwamalunga nemisipha ngenkathi umile
• ukuskena kwamathambo omzimba wakho wonke ukukhombisa ukuthi ngabe isimila sinemetastasized
• Ukuskena kwe-PET ukukhombisa ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini okungavamile okubonwa kwezinye izikena kungamathumba

Ama-Biopsies

Lapho isimila sesibonisiwe, udokotela wakho angalawula i-biopsy ukuthi ibheke ucezu lwesimila ngaphansi kwemicroscope ukuthola okuthile.

Uma isimila sincane, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angasusa yonke into njengengxenye ye-biopsy. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-excisional biopsy, futhi kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile.

Uma isimila sikhulu, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angasika ingxenye yaso. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusika isikhumba sakho ukuze ususe ucezu lwesimila. Noma udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angafaka inaliti enkulu engenalutho esikhunjeni sakho ukuze asuse ucezu lwesimila. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-incisional biopsies futhi kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile.

Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angafaka inaliti ethanjeni ukukhipha isampula loketshezi namaseli ukubona ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele yini emnkantsheni wakho.

Lapho isicubu somzimba sesisusiwe, kunezivivinyo eziningi ezisiza ukukhomba i-sarcoma ka-Ewing. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nakho kunganikela ngolwazi olusizayo ekwelashweni.

Izinhlobo ze-Ewing’s sarcoma

I-sarcoma yakwa-Ewing ihlukaniswe ngokuthi umdlavuza usabalale kusukela ethanjeni noma esikhunjeni esithambile owaqala kuwo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu:

• I-sarcoma yasendaweni: Umdlavuza awusabalalanga kwezinye izindawo zomzimba.
• I-sarcoma ye-Metastatic Ewing: Umdlavuza ususabalele emaphashini noma kwezinye izindawo emzimbeni.
• I-sarcoma ephindaphindayo ka-Ewing: Umdlavuza awuphenduli ekwelashweni noma ekubuyeni ngemuva kwendlela eyimpumelelo yokwelashwa. Kuvame ukubuyela emaphashini.

Yelashwa kanjani i-sarcoma ka-Ewing?

Ukwelashwa kwe-sarcoma ka-Ewing kuncike lapho kuvela khona isimila, ubukhulu besimila, nokuthi umdlavuza usakazekile yini.

Imvamisa, ukwelashwa kuhilela indlela eyodwa noma eziningi, kufaka phakathi:

• ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• ukuhlinzwa
• ukwelashwa okubhekiswe ku-proton
• i-chemotherapy ephezulu ene-stem cell transplant

Izinketho zokwelashwa kwe-sarcoma ye-Ewing

Indlela ejwayelekile yomdlavuza ongakasakazeki yinhlanganisela ye:

• ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila
• imisebe endaweni yesimila ukubulala noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele
• i-chemotherapy ukubulala amaseli womdlavuza okungenzeka asakazekile, noma ama-micrometastasies

Abaphenyi ocwaningweni luka-2004 bathola ukuthi ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe okunjengalokhu kuphumelele. Bathola ukuthi ukwelashwa kuholele ekusindeni kweminyaka engu-5 cishe kwamaphesenti angama-89 kanye neminyaka engu-8 yokusinda engamaphesenti angama-82.

Ngokuya ngendawo yesimila, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kungadingeka ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukufaka esikhundleni noma ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwamalungu.

Izinketho zokwelashwa kwe-sarcoma ye-Ewing's metastasized and recurrent

Ukwelashwa kwe-sarcoma ye-Ewing eye yagcwala kusuka endaweni yokuqala kuyafana nokwesifo sendawo, kepha ngezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokuphumelela. Abaphenyi kokunye babika ukuthi isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu yokuphila ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-swingoma ye-Ewing's metastasized kwakungamaphesenti angama-70.

Akukho ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe-sarcoma ephindayo ka-Ewing. Izinketho zokwelashwa ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza ubuyele kuphi nokuthi ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini bekuyini.

Izivivinyo eziningi zemitholampilo nezifundo zocwaningo ziyaqhubeka ukwenza ngcono ukwelashwa kwe-sarcoma ye-Ewing's metastasized and recurrent. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell
• i-immunotherapy
• Ukwelashwa okuqondisiwe ngama-antibody monoclonal
• inhlanganisela entsha yezidakamizwa

Uyini umbono wabantu abane-sarcoma ka-Ewing?

Njengoba izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha zikhula, umbono wabantu abathintekayo yi-Ewing’s sarcoma uyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka. Udokotela wakho ungumthombo wakho ongcono kakhulu wolwazi mayelana nombono wakho ngamunye kanye nesikhathi sokuphila.

I-American Cancer Society ibika ukuthi isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu yokusinda kwabantu abenze izimila zendawo cishe singamaphesenti angama-70.

Kulabo abanezicubu zemetastasized, isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda singamaphesenti ayi-15 kuye kwangama-30. Umbono wakho ungahle uthandeke uma umdlavuza ungazange usabalalele ezithweni ngaphandle kwamaphaphu.

Izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu labantu abane-sarcoma ephindaphindayo i-Ewing.

Kukhona okungathinta umbono wakho ngamunye, kufaka phakathi:

• ubudala lapho kutholakala
• usayizi wesimila
• indawo yesimila
• ukuthi isimila sakho siphendula kahle kanjani ekhemotherapy
• amazinga egazi cholesterol
• ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini komdlavuza ohlukile
• ubulili

Ungalindela ukuthi uzoqashwa ngesikhathi nangemuva kokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzophinda azame ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza usakazekile yini.

Abantu abane-sarcoma ka-Ewing bangaba nengozi enkulu yokuthola uhlobo lwesibili lomdlavuza. I-American Cancer Society iphawula ukuthi njengoba intsha eningi ene-Ewing’s sarcoma isinda iba mdala, imiphumela yesikhathi eside yokwelashwa komdlavuza wayo ingabonakala. Ucwaningo kule ndawo luyaqhubeka.