Ukuhlolwa kwe-FAN: kuyini, kwenzelwani nemiphumela

-Delile

• Yenzelwe ini
• Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa
• Yikuphi ukulungiselela okudingekayo
• Ukuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ANA wuhlobo lokuhlola olusetshenziswa kabanzi ukusiza ekutholeni izifo ezizimele, ikakhulukazi iSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Ngakho-ke, lolu vivinyo luhlose ukuthola ukutholakala kwama-autoantibodies egazini, angama-antibodies akhiqizwa ngumzimba futhi ahlasela amaseli nezicubu uqobo.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kususelwa kuphethini we-fluorescence wama-antibody, okwenza ukuthi ukwazi ukuwubheka ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu futhi usize ekutholeni izifo ezahlukahlukene. Yize kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuba nemiphumela ephansi esivivinyweni se-ANA, lapho leli nani liphezulu kakhulu, kungasho ukuthi kunesifo esizimele, esidinga ukukhonjwa futhi silashwe ngokushesha okukhulu ukukhulula izimpawu.

Yenzelwe ini

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-FAN kungasiza ukuxilonga izifo ezizimele njenge:

• ILupus, okuyisifo se-autoimmune esibonakala ngokwehla kwamandla emalungeni, isikhumba, amehlo nezinso, isibonelo;
• Isifo samathambo, lapho kukhona khona ubuhlungu, ububomvu nokuvuvukala kwamalunga. Nakhu ukuthi ungabona kanjani isifo samathambo;
• I-juvenile idiopathic arthritis, lapho kukhona ukuvuvukala kwelungu elilodwa noma amaningi ezinganeni;
• I-hepatitis ezenzakalelayo, lapho ukutholakala kwama-autoantibodies kubangela ukuvuvukala esibindini. Yazi izimpawu eziyinhloko zesifo sokusha kwesibindi esizimele;
• I-Scleroderma, okuyisifo esizimele esibonakala ngokukhiqizwa okukhulayo kwe-collagen, okwenza isikhumba namalunga kuqinise;
• Dermatomyositis, okuyisifo sokuvuvukala esibonakaliswa ubuthakathaka bemisipha nezilonda zesikhumba. Funda kabanzi nge-dermatomyositis;
• Isifo sikaSjogren, ebonakala ngokuvuvukala kwezindlala ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni, okuholela emehlweni omlomo nomlomo, isibonelo. Nakhu ukuthi ungazibona kanjani izimpawu ze-Sjogren's Syndrome.

Ngokuvamile, udokotela angasola ngalezi zifo uma umuntu enezimpawu ezithatha isikhathi eside ukuthi zinyamalale, njengamabala abomvu emzimbeni, ukuvuvukala, izinhlungu ezihlala njalo emajoyintini, ukukhathala ngokweqile noma umkhuhlane omncane, ngokwesibonelo.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa

Lokhu kuhlolwa kulula kakhulu, kudinga ukuthi kususwe inani elincane nje legazi ngungoti oqeqeshiwe, othunyelwa elabhorethri iyohlolwa.

Ukuqoqwa kwegazi kuvame ukwenziwa esibhedlela, kepha kungenziwa nasemitholampilo ekhethekile, yabantu abadala nezingane. Endabeni yezinsana, ukuqoqwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngodosi oluncane onyaweni, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokusebenzisa inaliti.

Elebhu, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokufaka udayi we-fluorescent ophawulwe ngama-antibody azokhonjwa kusampula. Ngemuva kwalokho, igazi elinedayi elinelebula lifakwa esitsheni esiqukethe isiko lamaseli womuntu aziwa ngokuthi amaseli we-Hep-2, avumela ukubonakala okucacile kwezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene zamaseli nezigaba zomjikelezo weseli. Ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi kwenziwe ukuxilongwa, ngoba kwenziwa ngephethini ye-fluorescence ebonwa nge-microscope.

Yikuphi ukulungiselela okudingekayo

Alukho uhlobo olukhethekile lokulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwe-FAN, kunconywa kuphela ukwazisa udokotela ngemithi esetshenziswayo kanye nezinkinga zempilo ezingaba khona.

Ukuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini

Kubantu abaphilile, isivivinyo se-FAN imvamisa asibi noma asisebenzi, ngamanani afana ne-1/40, 1/80 noma i-1/160. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi noma nini lapho inegethivu, asikho isifo esizimele. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe inegethivu, futhi ngokusho kwezimpawu eziveziwe, udokotela anga-oda ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akusona isifo sokuzivikela komzimba.

Lapho umphumela ulungile, noma wenza kabusha, imvamisa kuveza amanani we-1/320, 1/640 noma 1/1280. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunephethini enika ithemba esuselwa ku-fluorescence ebonwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope, esiza ukuhlukanisa kangcono uhlobo lwesifo futhi olungafaka phakathi:

• Inuzi efanayo: kungakhombisa ukuba khona kwe-lupus, i-rheumatoid arthritis noma i-juvenile idiopathic arthritis, kuya nge-antibody ekhonjisiwe. Uma kutholakala ubukhona be-anti-DNA, anti-chromatin kanye ne-anti-histone antibodies, lokhu kukhombisa i-lupus;
• I-centromeric enamachashazi enyukliya: kuvame ukukhombisa i-scleroderma;
• Inhlawulo yenuzi ichashisiwe: kuvamise ukukhombisa i-Sjögren's syndrome noma i-lupus, kuya nge-antibody ekhonjisiwe;
• Inuzi enamachashazi aminyene: i-lupus, i-rheumatoid arthritis noma i-systemic sclerosis ngokuya ngama-antibody akhonjisiwe;
• I-cytoplasmic enhle enamachashazi: kungaba i-polymyositis noma i-dermatomyositis;
• Ulwelwesi lwenuzi oluqhubekayo: ingabonisa i-autoimmune hepatitis noma i-lupus;
• I-Nucleolar Enamachashazi: imvamisa kuyisibonakaliso se-systemic sclerosis.

Le miphumela kumele ihlale ihunyushwa futhi ihlolwe ngudokotela futhi, cishe kuzo zonke izimo, kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.