Izivivinyo zangaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki

-Delile

• 1. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• 2. Ukuhlolwa komchamo
• 2. Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo
• 4. Ukuhlolwa kwesithombe
• Zenziwa nini izivivinyo zezokwelapha?

Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuhlinzekwa kwepulasitiki, kubalulekile ukuthi kwenziwe izivivinyo zangaphambi kokuhlinzwa, okufanele ziboniswe ngudokotela, ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga ngesikhathi senqubo noma esigabeni sokululama, njenge-anemia noma izifo ezinzima, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngakho-ke, udokotela uncoma ukwenza uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ukuthola ukuthi ngabe umuntu uphilile yini nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi ahlinzwe. Kuphela ngemuva kokuhlaziya zonke izivivinyo lapho kungenzeka khona ukwazisa umuntu uma kungenzeka ukuthi ahlinzwe ngepulasitiki ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko okucelwe ngudokotela ngaphambi kokuthi kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki yile:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubalulekile ukuze wazi izimo zezempilo ezijwayelekile zesiguli, ngakho-ke izivivinyo ezicelwa kakhulu ngaphambi kwezinqubo zokuhlinzwa yilezi:

• Ukubalwa kwegazi, lapho kuhlolwa khona amanani amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, ama-leukocyte nama-platelets;
• I-Coagulogram, elihlola ikhono lomuntu lokujiya bese likhomba ubungozi bokuphuma kakhulu kwegazi ngesikhathi senqubo;
• Ukuzila ukudla kweglucose, njengoba amazinga e-glucose egazi eguqukile angasongela impilo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umuntu enezinga eliphakeme kakhulu likashukela egazini, ingozi yokutheleleka iyakhula, futhi kungahle kube nokutheleleka nge-microorganism engazweli, okunzima ukwelashwa;
• Isilinganiso se-urea ne-creatinine egazini, ngoba inika imininingwane ngokusebenza kwezinso;
• Isilinganiso se-Antibody, ikakhulukazi i-IgE ephelele kanye ne-IgE ethile ye-latex, yazisa uma umuntu enanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokungezwani komzimba nokuthi amasosha omzimba alondoloziwe yini.

Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kungadingeka ukuzila ukudla okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili, noma ngokuyalelwa yilabhorethri noma udokotela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukuthi ungasebenzisi utshwala noma ubheme okungenani izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, ngoba lezi zinto zingaphazamisa umphumela.

2. Ukuhlolwa komchamo

Ukuhlolwa komchamo kuyacelwa ukuze kuhlolwe ushintsho lwezinso nokutheleleka okungenzeka. Ngakho-ke, udokotela uvame ukucela ukuhlolwa komchamo wohlobo 1, obizwa nangokuthi i-EAS, lapho izici ezinkulu, ezifana nombala nephunga, nezici ezincane, njengokutholakala kwamaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli we-epithelial, ama-leukocyte, amakristalu kanye nama-microorganisms. . Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pH, ukuminyana nokuba khona kwezinye izinto emchameni kuyabhekwa, njenge-bilirubin, i-ketone, i-glucose namaprotheni, ngokwesibonelo, ukukwazi ukwazisa ngoshintsho hhayi ezinso kuphela, kodwa nasesibindi, ngoba isibonelo.

Ngaphezu kwe-EAS, udokotela ohlinzayo opulasitiki uphinde ancoma ukwenza isiko lomchamo, nokuhlolwa kwe-microbiological okuhlose ukubheka ukutholakala kwamagciwane amancane abangela ukutheleleka. Ngoba uma kusolwa ukutheleleka, ukwelashwa okufanele kuvame ukuqala ukugwema ubungozi bezinkinga ngesikhathi senqubo.

2. Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo

Isivivinyo esihlola inhliziyo evame ukucelwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa yi-electrocardiogram, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-ECG, ehlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo. Ngalokhu kuhlolwa, udokotela wenhliziyo uhlola isigqi, isivinini kanye nenani lokushaya kwenhliziyo, okwenza kube lula ukubona noma ikuphi ukungajwayelekile.

I-ECG isivivinyo esisheshayo, ihlala isilinganiso semizuzu eyi-10, ayibangeli ubuhlungu futhi ayidingi ukulungiswa okuthile.

4. Ukuhlolwa kwesithombe

Ukulingwa kwezivivinyo kuyahluka ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki okufanele kwenziwe, kepha konke kunenhloso efanayo, okuwukuhlola indawo lapho ukuhlinzwa kuzokwenziwa khona nokubheka ubuqotho bezitho.

Endabeni yokwengezwa kwamabele, ukunciphisa kanye ne-mastopexy, ngokwesibonelo, i-ultrasound yamabele nekhwapha iyakhonjiswa, ngaphezu kwe-mammography uma umuntu eseneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-50 ubudala. Endabeni ye-abdominoplasty ne-liposuction, kuvame ukunconywa i-ultrasonography yedonga eliphelele lesisu nodonga lwesisu. Ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kwe-rhinoplasty, ngokwesibonelo, udokotela uvame ukucela ukwenza i-CT scan yamanoni.

Ukuze wenze izivivinyo ze-imaging, alukho uhlobo lokulungiselela oluvame ukudingeka, kepha kubalulekile ukulandela izinkomba nokuqondiswa kukadokotela noma indawo lapho kuzokwenziwa khona ukuhlolwa.

Zenziwa nini izivivinyo zezokwelapha?

Izivivinyo kumele zenziwe okungenani izinyanga ezi-3 zokuhlinzwa ngepulasitiki, ngoba izivivinyo ezenziwe ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu kungenzeka zingameleli isimo sangempela somuntu, ngoba kungenzeka kube nezinguquko emzimbeni.

Lezi zivivinyo ziyacelwa ngudokotela ohlinzayo wepulasitiki futhi zihlose ukwazi lowo muntu futhi zithole nezinguquko ezingenzeka ezingabeka isiguli engcupheni ngesikhathi senqubo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi zonke izivivinyo zenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuphumelela nokuphepha kwenqubo yokuhlinzwa.

Imiphumela yezivivinyo ihlaziywa ngudokotela kanye nodokotela obulala izinzwa futhi, uma konke kuhamba kahle, ukuhlinzwa kugunyaziwe futhi kwenziwa ngaphandle kwengozi.