Ukuqwasha Komndeni Okubulalayo

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Kubangelwa yini?
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Ilashwa kanjani?
• Ukuphila ne-FFI

Kuyini ukuqwasha komndeni okubulalayo?

Ukuqothuka komndeni okubulalayo (i-FFI) kuyisifo esingajwayelekile kakhulu sokulala esisebenza emindenini. Ithinta i-thalamus. Lesi sakhiwo sobuchopho silawula izinto eziningi ezibalulekile, kufaka phakathi ukukhuluma ngokomzwelo nokulala. Ngenkathi uphawu oluyinhloko ukuqwasha, i-FFI nayo ingadala uhla lwezinye izimpawu, njengezinkinga zokukhuluma kanye nokuwohloka komqondo.

Kukhona okuhlukile okungajwayelekile okubizwa ngokuthi ukuqwasha okubulalayo okungajwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, kube nezimo ezibhaliwe ezingama-24 kuphela kusukela ngo-2016. Abaphenyi bazi okuncane kakhulu mayelana nokuqwasha okubulalayo okungajwayelekile, ngaphandle kokuthi akubonakali kuyizakhi zofuzo.

I-FFI ithola igama layo ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuthi ivame ukudala ukufa kungakapheli unyaka izimpawu ezimbili ziqala. Noma kunjalo, lo mugqa wesikhathi ungahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu.

Kuyingxenye yomndeni wezimo ezaziwa njengezifo ze-prion. Lezi yizimo ezingavamile ezidala ukulahleka kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni. Ezinye izifo ze-prion zibandakanya isifo se-kuru ne-Creutzfeldt-Jakob. Zibalelwa ku-300 kuphela izigameko ezibikiwe zezifo ze-prion unyaka ngamunye e-United States, ngokusho kukaJohns Hopkins Medicine. I-FFI ithathwa njengesinye sezifo ezingaziwa kakhulu ze-prion.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu ze-FFI ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Bajwayele ukuvela phakathi kweminyaka yobudala engama-32 nengama-62. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi baqale besebancane noma bebadala.

Izimpawu ezingaba khona zesigaba sokuqala se-FFI zifaka:

• Inkinga yokulala
• unenkinga yokuhlala ulele
• ukudikiza kwemisipha nokuqaqamba kwemisipha
• ukuqina kwemisipha
• ukunyakaza nokukhahlela lapho ulele
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• ukuwohloka komqondo okuqhubeka ngokushesha

Izimpawu ze-FFI esezingeni eliphakeme zifaka:

• ukungakwazi ukulala
• ukonakala kokuqonda nokusebenza kwengqondo
• ukulahleka kokuxhumanisa, noma i-ataxia
• ukwanda komfutho wegazi nokushaya kwenhliziyo
• ukujuluka okweqile
• ukukhathazeka ukukhuluma noma ukugwinya
• ukuncipha kwesisindo okungaqondakali
• imfiva

Kubangelwa yini?

I-FFI ibangelwa ukuguqulwa kohlobo lwe-PRNP. Lokhu kuguquka kubangela ukuhlaselwa kwe-thalamus, elawula imijikelezo yakho yokulala futhi evumela izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zobuchopho bakho ukuba zixhumane.

Kubhekwa njengesifo se-neurodegenerative esiqhubekayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kubangela ukuthi i-thalamus yakho ilahlekelwe amaseli ezinzwa kancane kancane. Yilokhu kulahleka kwamaseli okuholela ebangeni lezimpawu ze-FFI.

Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okubhekele i-FFI kudluliselwa emindenini. Umzali onoguquko unethuba elingamaphesenti angama-50 lokudlulisa ukuguquka kwengane yakhe.

Kutholakala kanjani?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungaba ne-FFI, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukucela ukuthi ugcine amanothi anemininingwane ngemikhuba yakho yokulala isikhathi esithile. Bangase futhi benze isifundo sokulala. Lokhu kufaka ukulala esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sokulala ngenkathi udokotela wakho erekhoda idatha ngezinto ezifana nokusebenza kwengqondo yakho nokushaya kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kungasiza futhi ukukhipha noma yiziphi ezinye izimbangela zezinkinga zakho zokulala, njenge-apnea yokulala noma i-narcolepsy.

Okulandelayo, ungadinga ukuskena kwe-PET. Lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa kwe-imaging luzonikeza udokotela wakho umbono ongcono wokuthi i-thalamus yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani.

Ukuhlolwa kofuzo kungasiza nodokotela wakho ukuthi aqinisekise ukuxilongwa. Kodwa-ke, e-United States, kufanele ube nomlando womndeni we-FFI noma ukwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi izivivinyo zangaphambilini ziphakamisa ngokuqinile i-FFI ukwenza lokhu. Uma unecala eliqinisekisiwe le-FFI emndenini wakho, nawe ufanelekile ukuhlolwa kofuzo ngaphambi kokubeletha.

Ilashwa kanjani?

Alikho ikhambi le-FFI. Zimbalwa izindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza ngempumelelo ukuphatha izimpawu. Imithi yokulala, ngokwesibonelo, ingahlinzeka ukukhululeka kwesikhashana kwabanye abantu, kepha ayisebenzi isikhathi eside.

Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi basebenzela ngenkuthalo izindlela zokwelashwa ezisebenzayo nezindlela zokuzivikela. Isiphakamiso sokuthi i-immunotherapy ingasiza, kepha ucwaningo olwengeziwe, olufaka izifundo zabantu, luyadingeka. Kukhona nokuqhubekayo okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwe-doxycycline, i-antibiotic. Abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi kungaba yindlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela i-FFI kubantu abaphethe ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okuyibangelayo.

Abantu abaningi abanezifo ezingavamile bakuthola kuwusizo ukuxhumana nabanye abasesimweni esifanayo, kungaba ku-inthanethi noma eqenjini lokweseka lendawo. ICreutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Foundation yisibonelo esisodwa. Kuyinto engenzi nzuzo enikezela ngezinsizakusebenza eziningana mayelana nezifo ze-prion.

Ukuphila ne-FFI

Kungathatha iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu ze-FFI. Kodwa-ke, lapho sebeqalile, bathambekele ekubeni mubi kakhulu ngokuhamba konyaka noma emibili. Ngenkathi kukhona ucwaningo oluqhubekayo mayelana nokwelashwa okungenzeka, akukho ukwelashwa okwaziwayo kwe-FFI, yize izinsiza zokulala zinganikeza ukukhululeka kwesikhashana.