I-rheumatic fever: kuyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ukuvimbela i-rheumatic fever

I-rheumatic fever yisifo esizimele esibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni, okuholela ebuhlungu obuhlangene, ukuvela kwamaqhuqhuva esikhunjeni, izinkinga zenhliziyo, ubuthakathaka bemisipha nokunyakaza okungazibandakanyi.

Umkhuhlane we-rheumatic fever uvame ukuvela ngemuva kwesiqephu sokutheleleka nokuvuvukala komphimbo kungalashwa kahle futhi kubangelwe amagciwane IStreptococcus pyogenes. Ukutheleleka ngaleli gciwane kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni nasebusheni kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-15, kepha kungenzeka kubantu banoma yimuphi ubudala.

Ngakho-ke, ezimweni zezimpawu nezimpawu ze-pharyngitis kanye ne-tonsillitis ephindaphindwayo, kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nodokotela ukuze kuqale ukwelashwa okufanele ukugwema izinkinga zokutheleleka IStreptococcus pyogenes.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Lapho ukutheleleka kwamagciwane IStreptococcus pyogenes ayiphathwa kahle ngokusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotics, ngokusho kukadokotela wezingane noma udokotela ojwayelekile, amasosha omzimba akhiqizwa ukuvuvukala angahlasela izitho eziningana zomzimba, njengamalunga, inhliziyo, isikhumba nobuchopho.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu komkhuhlane, ongafinyelela ku-39ºC, izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-rheumatic fever yilezi:

• Izimpawu ezihlangene: ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamalunga, njengamadolo, izindololwane, amaqakala nezihlakala, ezinephethini yokufuduka, okungukuthi, lokhu kuvuvukala kungashintsha kusuka kwelinye ilunga kuya kwelinye, futhi kungathatha izinyanga ezi-3;
• Izimpawu zenhliziyo: ukuphefumula, ukukhathala, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukukhwehlela, ukuvuvukala emilenzeni nokububula kwenhliziyo kungabangelwa ukuvuvukala kwama-valve nemisipha yenhliziyo;
• Izimpawu zezinzwa: ukunyakaza okungazibandakanyi komzimba, njengokuphakamisa izingalo noma imilenze ungahlosile, lezi zibonakaliso zemizwa zaziwa njenge-chorea. Kungabuye kube nokuguquguquka okungaguquguquki kwemizwa, ukukhuluma okungahambi kahle nobuthakathaka bemisipha;
• Izimpawu zesikhumba: amaqhuqhuva ngaphansi kwesikhumba noma amabala abomvu.

Izimpawu ze-rheumatic fever zivame ukuvela phakathi kwamasonto amabili kuya ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngemuva kokutheleleka ngamagciwane, futhi zingahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa, kuya ngokwelashwa okulungile kanye nokuvikeleka komuntu ngamunye. Kodwa-ke, uma ukulimala okubangelwa inhliziyo kubucayi kakhulu, lowo muntu angashiywa nge-sequelae ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba izimpawu zingenzeka ekuqubukeni, isikhathi ngasinye lapho kuvela imiphumela yenhliziyo iba mibi kakhulu, ebeka impilo yomuntu engcupheni.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-rheumatic fever kwenziwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile, i-rheumatologist noma udokotela wezingane ngokususelwa ebukhoneni bezimpawu eziyinhloko nokuhlolwa komzimba kwesiguli kanye nomphumela wokuhlolwa kwegazi okukhombisa ukuvuvukala, okufana ne-ESR neCRP.

Ngaphezu kwalokho kuphenywa ubukhona begciwane elolwa negciwane le-rheumatic fever, elitholwa izivivinyo zemfihlo ezivela emphinjeni nasegazini, njengokuhlolwa kwe-ASLO, okuwuhlolo olubalulekile lokuqinisekisa ukutheleleka ngegciwane futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa. Qonda ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-ASLO kwenziwa kanjani.

Yelashwa kanjani

I-rheumatic fever iyelapheka, kanti ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ama-antibiotic, njenge-Benzetacil, enqunywe udokotela wezingane, i-rheumatologist noma udokotela ojwayelekile. Izimpawu zokuvuvukala emalungeni nasenhliziyweni zingancishiswa ngokuphumula nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala, njenge-ibuprofen ne-prednisone, isibonelo.

Ngokuya ngobukhulu be-rheumatic fever, udokotela angakhombisa ukuthi imijovo yemisipha yeBenzetacil yenziwa ngezinsuku ezingama-21, ezingadlulela eminyakeni engama-25 yomuntu ngokuya ngezinga lokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo.

Ukuvimbela i-rheumatic fever

Ukuvimbela i-rheumatic fever kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kanye ne-sequelae yaso, ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi esimweni se-pharyngitis noma i-tonsillitis yi-Streptococcus pyogenes, ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic kufanele kwenziwe ngokusho kwesincomo sikadokotela, ngoba kubalulekile ukwelashwa okuphelele, noma ngabe zingasekho izimpawu.

Kubantu abanesigamu okungenani esisodwa se-rheumatic fever, kubalulekile ukulandela ukwelashwa ngemijovo ye-Benzetacil ukuvimbela ukuqubuka okungenzeki futhi kunengozi enkulu yezinkinga.